Nutritional problems in patients with digestive tract cancer, possible ways for solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Ya. N Shoykhet ◽  
Oksana M. Galkina ◽  
A. F Lazarev
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Radical Surgery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Tract Cancer ◽  
Nutrition And Diet ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Prevention Methods

Malignant neoplasms of the digestive system occupy a leading place among all cancer patients. Approximately one third of all cancer deaths worldwide was linked to improper nutrition and diet, and took the second place as theoretically preventable causes of cancer. Modern methods of surgical treatment of cancer patients have an aggressive nature, causing pronounced stress in the body and give rise in metabolic disorders with changes in nutritional status. One of the prevention methods is the use of nutritional support, especially in patients who received radical surgery.

scholarly journals The problem of comorbidity of chronic endometritis with pathology of the digestive system

2020 ◽  
pp. 158-162
Author(s):  
R. M. Filimonov ◽  
N. V. Kotenko ◽  
T. R. Filimonova ◽  
G. E. Salamadina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Chronic Endometritis ◽  
Degrees Of Severity ◽  
Lipid Spectrum

The problem of comorbidity of chronic endometritis and the pathology of the digestive system in women of reproductive age is not well understood. Our studies showed that most of them were overweight in varying degrees of severity and being a risk factor for the development of various metabolic disorders in the body. Clinical data, laboratory and instrumental studies did not allow to exclude the presence of biliary dyskinesia and chronic duodenitis against hepatic steatosis. The interdependence of the effect of the liver, pancreatic-biliary system of the gastrointestinal tract and sex steroid hormones on the lipid spectrum of the blood, as well as on proliferative changes in the myometrium, indicate the importance of studying pathogenetic and sanogenetic mechanisms to address the issues of prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of this category of patients.

scholarly journals The programme of comprehensive rehabilitation after LUMIC post-resection with the reconstruction of a proximal part of femur with MUTARS system resulting from the treatment of pelvis chondrosarcoma.

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 614-629
Author(s):  
Anna Sachaj ◽  
Karina Szczypiór-Piasecka ◽  
Alicja Mińko ◽  
Krzysztof Antczak
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Pathological Fracture ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Resection Arthroplasty ◽  
The Body ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Comprehensive Rehabilitation ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Introduction: Malignant neoplasms of bone originating from the supporting tissues of the body of mesinchymal origin are heterogeneous in clinical and histological terms. In most cases, the etiology of these tumors is unknown. Histologically, sarcomas are classified into three main types. Chondrosarcoma (31% of sarcomas), osteosarcoma - originating from bone tissue (also accounts for 31% of sarcomas), Ewing sarcoma - originating from neuroectodermal tissue (accounts for 14% of sarcomas). The aim of this study was to present a program of comprehensive rehabilitation after LUMIC resection arthroplasty with reconstruction of the proximal part of the femur using the Mutars system as a result of pelvic chondrosarcoma treatment. Materials and methods: The paper describes a case of a patient diagnosed with left pelvic chondrosarcoma with a pathological fracture and destruction of the left hip joint. Results: In the rehabilitation program, both inpatient and outpatient, many methods of therapy have been used in order to restore the patient to the highest possible fitness as quickly as possible. The therapy was based on such exercises and methods as: PNF method, methods of visceral therapy, active exercises and methods of osteopathy. Conclusion: Rehabilitation is an indispensable element of the treatment of cancer patients. The introduction of modern techniques, such as manual therapy and osteopathy to rehabilitation, has a positive effect on the effectiveness of therapy.

scholarly journals Possibilities of supportive therapy in patients with blood system tumors and malignant neoplasms

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-127
Author(s):  
V. B. Larionova ◽  
A. V. Snegovoy
Keyword(s):  
Supportive Care ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Anticancer Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Finding opportunities to improve treatment outcomes of cancer patients remains a difficult and unresolved problem. Modern anticancer treatment due to the intensity and molecular biological orientation allows achieving higher efficiency and theoretically reducing the complications frequency. At the same time, the “increase in efficiency” in the modern oncology really exists, but a “decrease in the incidence of complications” is far from its solution. In many ways, the problems of diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of complications are associated with the impact on complex physiological processes in the body of an oncological patient. Timely implementation of modern and adequate programs for the prevention and treatment of these complications defines the concept of “supportive therapy”, which provides at least half of the effectiveness of anticancer treatment.The Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) was formed in 1990. The main tasks of the association were the creation of supportive care system, its popularization and accumulation of scientific data. The MASCC was used not only oncologists experience, but also of specialists working in almost all areas of medicine. Supportive therapy provides prevention and treatment of complications from the moment of malignant disease develops, at all stages of anticancer treatment, during the rehabilitation period, and in patients in the terminal phase.An important stage in the development of maintenance care in Russia was the holding of annual conferences in Moscow with the support of MASCC. Russia is included in the European MASCC group and in working group on supportive therapy and palliative care of the Chemotherapists Society (ESMO). The Russian Society of Supportive care in Oncology (RASSC) was organized In Russia on June 1, 2017. In recent years, the main directions of supportive care have been developed in our country. Today, supportive therapy is an obligatory component of anticancer programs, which allows the patient to cope with severe but potentially reversible disorders of vital organs at all stages of treatment. This is a real way to increase the treatment efficacy and improve the quality of life of cancer patients.

scholarly journals Specialized dietary food products in oncological practice

2020 ◽  
pp. 111-117
Author(s):  
T. L. Pilat
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Dietary Food

This review presents current data on the role of nutritional support in patients with cancer. The main reasons for the decrease in body weight, protein-energy deficiency in the development of malignant neoplasms are described. The data substantiating the appointment of dietary food products in various phases of the disease to patients receiving systemic anticancer therapy (chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy) for a long time, and to cancer patients who underwent volumetric abdominal surgery are presented. The mechanisms of intoxication arising as a result of the disease itself, as well as a result of prolonged polychemoor irradiation therapy, are described in detail. The concept and mechanisms of endogenous intoxication syndrome are given. Special attention is paid to the role of the cytochrome system of the liver in detoxification processes. It has been shown that the accumulation of toxic metabolites in cancer disrupts the activity of the organs of detoxification and excretion, metabolites accumulate in tissues, which leads to difficulty in regulating the functions of the body and its protection from intoxication factors. The results of clinical studies of the data are presented and their effectiveness of the use of specialized dietary products of domestic production for cancer patients is presented. Detoxification protein cocktail for cancer patients (based on animal protein), Lactose-free detoxification protein cocktail for cancer patients (based on plant protein) and Drink detoxification for cancer patients (fruit-based). These specialized products have promote tonic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-toxic, detoxifying properties. It has been shown that dietary products contribute to the restoration of the concentration in the blood of the most important enzymes of antitoxic liver defense – ALT and AST, gamma-HT, total and direct bilirubin, and urea.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF DENTAL STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH CANCER

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ольга Успенская ◽  
Ol'ga Uspenskaya ◽  
Ирина Фадеева ◽  
Irina Fadeeva
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Dental Diseases

Subject. In the modern world, the prevalence of cancer is growing every year, in this regard, this pathology is one of the most pressing problems in medicine. There is no doubt that malignant neoplasms have a complex interaction with the body. The General mechanisms of occurrence and progression of the tumor process are intensively studied, and to date, a huge amount of material on molecular and clinical Oncology has been accumulated, it is used in related disciplines. The most important sections of dentistry are the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the mucous membrane. Often, clinical manifestations in the oral cavity are one of the first symptoms indicating a General somatic disease. This article covers the study of the dental status of patients with different localizations of cancer. Objective ― to study the incidence of dental diseases of patients with cancer. Methodology. To conduct a study medical examination of patients with different localizations of cancer was held to determine dental: the definition of DMF-Index, PMA-index, Parodontal Index, and the condition of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and periodontal tissues. Cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and radiation therapy, patients who refused to participate in the survey were excluded from the survey. Results. The study included 526 patients. The predominance of certain types of dental diseases among patients with a particular cancer pathology was revealed. Conclusions. Our study showed that all patients had decompensated forms of caries. The most common dental diseases combined with cancer are hyperplasia filiform papillae (K14.3), the "geographic" language (K14.1). Periodontal disease occurred in 69,5 % of cases among cancer patients.

Clinical, morphological and biochemical signs of polymycotoxicosis in highly productive cows

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Irina A. Shkuratova ◽  
◽  
Lyudmila I. Drozdova ◽  
Aleksander I. Belousov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Hepatorenal Syndrome ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Mixture ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Structural Disorders ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Mycotoxicological monitoring of forages shows that the problem of mycotoxicosis has been relevant for several decades. Minimal doses of mycotoxins in feed lead to a decrease in milk productivity, increased sensitivity to infectious and non-infectious diseases. When several mycotoxins enter the body simultaneously, a synergistic effect develops, causing a significant increase in toxicity. Feed contaminated with several types of fungi and their toxins is dangerous for dairy cattle. It was found that the feed mixture contained the types of associations of Aspergillus spp. fungi + Fusarium; Aspergillus spp. + Penicillium spp. + Mucor spp; Fusarium + Penicillium; Mucor spp. + Fusarium + Ustilaginales. Pathogenetic features of metabolic and morphological changes in highly productive cows with polymycotoxicosis were studied. Feeding food contaminated with various metabolites of mold fungi leads to the development of signs of chronic toxemia in animals. Clinical manifestations are the development of diarrhea and dehydration, with a decrease in milk productivity. Metabolic disorders feature the development of an inflammatory process, metabolic acidosis, hyperfermentonemia, with an increase in the amount of creatinine and urea in the blood serum. Metabolic signs indicate the development of hepatorenal syndrome due to structural disorders of the liver and kidneys. Histological signs of polymicotoxicosis are intracapillary and hemorrhagic glomerulonephritis, hepatocyte micronecrosis, and proliferation of connective tissue stroma cells, which leads to the development of atrophic cirrhosis in the interstitial and circular phases.

Nutrition as an important component of treatment and rehabilitation in cancer patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
T.F. Tatarchuk ◽  
◽  
E.G. Manzhalii ◽  
D.V. Pominchuk ◽  
T.S. Shevchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Protective Activity ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle ◽  
Cachexia Syndrome

The article deals with the importance of nutritional support for cancer patients. The high frequency of malnutrition and impaired absorption of macro and micronutrients in cancer patients and, which, at its maximum, is anorexia-cachexia syndrome, is the direct cause of the patient’s death. The progression of the tumor process is always accompanied by a violation of nutritional status, which is manifested in changes in weight, weakness, decreased physical activity, and disorders of the digestive system. It is estimated that about half of cancer-related deaths can be prevented, many of which are due to diet and lifestyle. Dietary factors can be involved in the initiation of tumor growth (carcinogens), promote growth, or have protective activity against the development of cancer. Therefore, nutritional support is one of the important components of a multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of cancer. Based on the analysis of the literature, the main tasks of nutritional support, indications, methods and criteria for the effectiveness of therapeutic nutrition are determined for the practitioner, a brief overview of the diets that are used by cancer patients is presented, and a list of anticarcinogenic products is compiled. Key words: anticarcinogenic products, diet, nutritional support, cancer patient, cancer prevention, nutrition.

Features of mortality of the male population of the monotown, which is the industrial center of non-ferrous metallurgy

2020 ◽  
pp. 772-772
Author(s):  
G. I. Tikhonova ◽  
M. S. Bryleva ◽  
T. Yu. Gorchakova
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Metallurgy ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Metallurgical Company ◽  
Industrial Center

Standardized mortality rates of the male population aged 15-59 in Monchegorsk, where the Kola mining and metallurgical company is located, were higher relative to the Murmansk region and Russia: from diseases of the circulatory system by 34.8% and 52.1%, respectively, from malignant neoplasms by 26.3% and 19.4%, from diseases of the digestive system by 59.0% and 36.3%.

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