scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF EFFICIENCY OF PROGRAMS OF COMPREHENSIVE PREVENTION OF HIV-INFECTION FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE PREVENTION OF LOSS OF YEARS, CUSTOMIZED FOR DISABILITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Anna N. Barinova
Keyword(s):  
Cost Saving ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Prevention Of Hiv

Purpose of the study. To evaluate the efficiency of the prevention programs aimed at the prevention of the spread of HIV infection, represent the it in disabled adjusted life years (DALY) and compare the efficiency with the prevention and treatment costs. Material and methods. Results of the panel study executed in 2006-2013 in 10 regions of Russian Federation in HIV infection risk groups (4 waves). The total number of include participants accounted of 9891. The study protocol included the detailed survey for the risk behavior and HIV testing. The obtained results of the study were used to calibrate the dynamic (Markov) model of the effect of the prevention on the length of the quality-adjusted life and treatment cost. The cost of the prevention was estimated on the base of reporting documents of prevention programs. Results. Programs of the comprehensive prevention of HIV-infection, among injecting drug users give rise in the significant decrease in the HIV incidence. The evaluation of the effect of prevention in frameworks of a multidimensional model shows odds ratio to be of 0.56 (95% CI = 0.40-0.78). This relative reduction of the incidence corresponds to the absolute incidence decrease from 3.98 per 100 person-years, among those not participating in prevention programs (95% CI: 3.37-4.69) to 2.22 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 1.89-2.62) among participants. This effect of the prevention leads to averting losses of 0.75-1.1 DALY per person, with most savings from the diminishing of the disability. In most plausible scenario this results in cost saving with return on the investment of 40 kopeks per rouble invested in prevention. Conclusion. Comprehensive programs of HIV prevention in Russian Federation possess of the significant effectiveness and under plausible assumptions are cost-saving. When discussing financing preventive measures they should be evaluated on real effectiveness and cost.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PREVENTION PROGRAMS FOR COUNTERMEASURE OF SPREAD OF SOCIALLY IMPORTANT INFECTIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-396
Author(s):  
A. N. Barinova ◽  
O. G. Khurtsilava ◽  
S. L. Plavinskii
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life

Purpose of the study. To evaluate the effectiveness of the prevention programs aimed at the prevention of the spread of socially important infections on example of HIV infection, as well to express it in units permitting the comparison with other fields of health care and to compare with to expenses for the prevention and treatment of sequelae of infection. Materials and methods. Results of the panel study, executed in 2006-2013 in 10 regions of the Russian Federation in HIV infection risk groups (4 waves). The total number of participants is 9891. Study protocol included detailed survey of risk behavior, involvement in prevention programs and HIV testing. Obtained data were used for the assessment of the change of the morbidity rate as a result of prevention and calibration of the dynamic (Markov) model of the effect of the prevention on the length of quality-adjusted life and treatment cost. Expenses for the prevention were estimated from field reports of prevention projects. Results. Programs for the comprehensive prevention of socially important infections, first of all HIV-infections, among injecting drug users result in the significant decrease in HIV incidence. The assessment of the effect of the prevention within framework of the multivariable model shows odds ratio to be of 0.56 (95% CI=0.40-0.78). This relative reduction corresponds to the decline of the absolute incidence from 3.98 per 100 person per year in the group of persons who was not involved in prevention programs (95% CI=3.37-4.69) to 2.22 per 100 person per year (95% CI=1.89-2.62) among participants. Such effect of the prevention leads to the increase in quality-adjusted life-years per each person (QALY=0.23, 95% CI=0.10-0.37), and the saving of budget cost by 226 thousand rubles (95% CI=209,6 - 822,2 thousand rubles). With the use of more pessimistic assumptions in relation to expenses for the prevention and treatment, the cost per quality-adjusted life per year failed to surpass the threshold of society’s willingness to pay for health technology, with demonstrating high cost-effectiveness of investing in the prevention. Conclusion. Programs of the comprehensive prevention of socially important infections in the Russian Federation have significant effectiveness and under most plausible assumptions are cost-saving. For the solution the problem of financing preventive measures it is necessary to apply the same principles of health technology assessment as it is done is the area of drug coverage.

scholarly journals ESTIMATING BURDEN OF DISEASE DUE TO CONTINUOUS PROPAGATION OF HIV INFECTION AMONG INJECTING DRUG USERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
A. N. Barinova ◽  
A. A. Lebedeva ◽  
N. N. Ladnaya ◽  
E. E. Zaytseva ◽  
S. L. Plavinskii
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Average Loss

Despite long period of propagation of HIV infection among injecting drug users (IDU) in Russian Federation there is still capacity for appearance of new cases. Based on results of integrated bio-behavioral study conducted in six cities of Russian Federation burden of HIV infection was estimated. Several approaches to calculate disability-adjusted life years (DALY) were used. Estimates of DALY depend mostly on mortality associated with HIV infection. It was shown, that estimates also change depending on changing age-dependent productivity and discount rate. Average loss was estimated at 15,1 DALY per one case of infection. Extrapolating these results on Russian Federation as a whole show that due to continuation of HIV spread among IDU every year 595 thousand DALYs are lost. Summary measures of public health should be used to prioritize investment in prevention.

scholarly journals Prevention of HIV Infection in Street-Recruited Injection Drug Users

2000 ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar R. Monterroso ◽  
Merle E. Hamburger ◽  
David Vlahov ◽  
Don C. Des Jarlais ◽  
Lawrence J. Ouellet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Prevention Of Hiv

Assessing the level of Knowledge and attitude of the young couples about HIV in Shiraz, Iran.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firooz Esmailzadeh ◽  
Mojtaba Sepandi ◽  
Abdolhalim Rajabi ◽  
Zahra Kavosi ◽  
Manije Alimohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Operational Program ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Prevention Of Hiv

Introduction: HIV infection is one of the main public health problems in the world. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of young couples married in the city of Shiraz, and eventually suggest an Operational Program for the prevention of HIV in Iran. Method: the data collection tool  was a questionnaire consisted of 32 questions  on transmission and prevention  of HIV infection. The young couples were selected through simple random sampling, and the sample size was The data analysis was performed using SPSS 19 software. Results: Of the total of 400 cases, 201 (50.25%) were male and 199 (49.75%) were female. The mean age of the couples was 25.96±5.95 years. The most frequent correct answer was related to the knowledge of transmission through sharing needles among drug users (87.4%). Regarding attitude, 94.6% of the subjects agreed with the struggle against HIV. Examining the relationship between knowledge and age showed that they had a significant relationship (P=0.002). There was also a significant relationship between attitude and gender (P=0.004). Conclusion: One of the important ways to stop the epidemic and prevent the incidence of new cases of HIV is educating people at an early age.

Prevention of HIV Infection in Street-Recruited Injection Drug Users

2000 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar R. Monterroso ◽  
Merle E. Hamburger ◽  
David Vlahov ◽  
Don C. Des Jarlais ◽  
Lawrence J. Ouellet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Prevention Of Hiv

scholarly journals Serological diagnosis and prevalence of HIV-1 infection in Russian metropolitan areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Kireev ◽  
V. P. Chulanov ◽  
G. A. Shipulin ◽  
A. V. Semenov ◽  
E. V. Tivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Assay Sensitivity ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Virus Diversity

Abstract Background HIV infection is a major health problem in Russia. We aimed to assess HIV prevalence in different population groups and to compare the characteristics of 4th generation immunoassays from Abbott, Bio-Rad, Vector-Best, Diagnostic Systems, and Medical Biological Unit. Methods The study included 4452 individuals from the general population (GP), 391 subjects at high risk of HIV infection (HR) and 699 with potentially interfering conditions. HIV positivity was confirmed by immunoblot and by HIV RNA, seroconversion and virus diversity panels were also used. HIV avidity was employed to assess recent infections. Results The prevalence in GP was 0.40%, higher in males (0.62%) and in people aged < 40 years (0.58%). Patients attending dermo-venereal centers and drug users had a high prevalence (34.1 and 58.8%). Recent infections were diagnosed in 20% of GP and in 4.2% of HR. Assay sensitivity was 100% except for one false negative (99,54%, MBU). Specificity was 99.58–99.89% overall, but as low as 93.26% on HR (Vector-Best). Small differences on early seroconversion were recorded. Only the Abbott assay detected all samples on the viral diversity panel. Conclusion HIV infection rate in the high-risk groups suggests that awareness and screening campaigns should be enhanced. Fourth generation assays are adequate but performance differences must be considered.

scholarly journals Harmful and hazardous alcohol consumption among individuals with high risk of HIV infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Svyatoslav L. Plavinskii ◽  
Natalia N. Ladnaya ◽  
Elena E. Zaytseva ◽  
Anna N. Barinova
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Harmful Alcohol

Hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption was studied in high-risk groups for HIV infection acquisition using respondent-driven sampling and time-location sampling in 7 regions of Russian Federation. The prevalence of hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption was high with regional variations. Prevalence of hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption was highest among injection drug users in Tomsk (89.96% (95 % CI 87.14–92.78%)) and lowest among men who have sex with men in St. Petersburg (43.31% (95% CI 37.03–49.59%)). In general about two thirds of the groups reported hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption. As a marker of unsafe sexual behavior the answer to the question about non-use of condom was selected. There was heterogeneity among regions especially in female sex-workers reports. Use of meta-analytic summarization showed that people that reported hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption had tendency to more risky sexual behavior, though results were not statistically significant due to high prevalence of hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption. These results show need to incorporate screening for hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption into prevention programs for high-risk individuals.

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