Pancha rathas, the five stone temples of the Mahabalipuram site

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Sayed Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Historic Site ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Ancient Technology ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Effective Network ◽  
Site Significance

Heritage and landscape development may take place within the heritage assemble procedure. The study presents a case of Stone heritage, characterized by an important intangible Vedic chanting heritage which again linked to the seashore forest and Pallava temple architecture. The purpose is to search diverse physiognomies of what opportunity exists in natural context and its playing role with the built heritage and eco-tourism. The methodology includes an extensive literature review of previous texts and collecting key factors out of those literary and pictorial data for historical evidence proved analysis. The results developed from a scientific approach over such case where ethnology, ancient technology and architectural style might have lost its authenticity and integrity for robust deforestation of associated garden heritage over different courses of time just because of the absence of boundary and buffer zone concept. It revealed three major opportunities for future sustainable accomplishment in this historic site: significance of effective network comprising authorities and stakeholders, over excessive tourism can also be regarded as curse for local landscape because of rapid urbanization and finally ecological bounties, recapture of areas and aggregation need a strong legitimation to justify buffer zone and site boundary from all possible direction.

A Pre-Prototyping Framework to Explore Human-Centered Prototyping Strategies During Early Design

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Ahmed ◽  
H. Onan Demirel
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Hands On ◽  
The Right

Abstract Current prototyping frameworks are often prompt-based and heavily rely on designers’ experience. The lack of systematic guidelines in prototyping activities causes unwanted variation in the quality of the prototype. Notably, there is limited, or no prototyping framework exists that enables human factors engineering (HFE) guidelines be part of the early product development process. In this paper, a pre-prototyping framework is proposed to render human-centered design strategies to guide designers before the hands-on prototyping activity starts. The methodology consists of extracting key factors related to prototyping and human factors engineering principles based on an extensive literature review. The key elements are then combined to form the prototyping categories, dimensions (theory), and tools (practice). The resulting prototyping framework can be used to develop prototyping strategies consist of theoretical guidelines and practical tools that are needed during the prototyping of human-centered products. The framework provides systematic guidance to designers in the early stages of the design process so that designers, in particular novices in ergonomics and human factors, can have a head start in building the prototypes in the right direction. Finally, a case study is presented to demonstrate a walk-through and efficacy of the proposed pre-prototyping framework.

scholarly journals Land use Change on Storm-Water Characteristics of a Watershed in Northeast India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1549-1555
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Hydrological Characteristics ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Water Characteristics

Land use change initiates significant impact on the stormwater characteristics including hydrograph, infiltration, discharges of the catchment, etc. An extensive literature review suggests that rapid urbanization is the root cause for such alteration in stormwater features. This paper presents a field-based study to investigate the influence of land use change on the hydrological characteristics in a region situated in northeastern part of India, namely, Kakodonga Watershed, Jorhat, Assam. The hydrogeological and stormwater characteristics of the region are ascertained by means of field and laboratory tests and the data collected are rigorously analyzed to carry out the study. The evapotranspiration demand has also been investigated by incorporating various analytical models. The important and relevant conclusions are drawn from the entire work.

Do Community Engagement And Fairness Matter In Local Acceptance Of Wind Turbines In Tunisia?

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Community Acceptance ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Energy Projects ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
Local Acceptance ◽  
The Impact

Environmental concern is considered as a significant interest for companies, government and communities. These stakeholders are conscious about the energy situation but this consciousness is not always reflected in actions of acceptance. Accordingly, this research paper sheds light on the impact of the main key factors influencing the community acceptance of wind energy projects in Tunisia. An extensive literature review about community acceptance, community engagement, fairness and perceived risks is presented. Based on previous studies, authors identify the relationships between these variables. A quantitative approach is used to test the hypotheses using responses from a sample of 265 survey respondents in Tunisia. The research results and implications are discussed. Recommendations to be considered by interest stakeholders are drawn.

““Of Exceptional Importance””: The Origins of the ““Fifty-Year Rule”” in Historic Preservation

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN H. SPRINKLE
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Historic Preservation ◽  
National Park ◽  
National Park Service ◽  
Historic Site ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
The Past ◽  
Park Service ◽  
Site Significance ◽  
National Historic Preservation Act

The ““fifty-year rule”” is one of the most commonly accepted principles within American historic preservation: properties that have achieved significance within the past fifty years are generally not considered eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic places. An often misunderstood chronological threshold, the fifty-year standard was established by National Park Service historians in 1948. Until the advent of the ““new preservation”” with the National Historic Preservation Act in 1966, the standard of exceptional importance had only been applied to presidential and atomic heritage sites. Operating as a filter to ward off potentially controversial decisions about the nature of historic site significance, understanding the origins of the fifty-year rule reveals how Americans have constructed the chronological boundaries of a useable past through historic preservation during the twentieth century.

scholarly journals Integrating Urban Agriculture and Stormwater Management in a Circular Economy to Enhance Ecosystem Services: Connecting the Dots

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8293
Author(s):  
Tolessa Deksissa ◽  
Harris Trobman ◽  
Kamran Zendehdel ◽  
Hossain Azam
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Ecosystem Services

Due to the rapid urbanization in the context of the conventional linear economy, the vulnerability of the urban ecosystem to climate change has increased. As a result, connecting urban ecosystem services of different urban land uses is imperative for urban sustainability and resilience. In conventional land use planning, urban agriculture (UA) and urban stormwater management are treated as separate economic sectors with different-disconnected-ecosystem services. Furthermore, few studies have synthesized knowledge regarding the potential impacts of integration of UA and stormwater green infrastructures (GIs) on the quantity and quality of urban ecosystem services of both economic sectors. This study provides a detailed analysis of the imperative question—how should a city integrate the developments of both urban agriculture and stormwater green infrastructure to overcome barriers while enhancing the ecosystem services? To answer this question, we conducted an extensive literature review. The results show that integrating UA with GIs can enhance urban food production while protecting urban water quality. This paper provides an initial context and mechanisms for future researchers and city planners regarding the manner in which the synergies between UA and stormwater GIs can create greater value for the wellbeing of urban ecosystems and resilience in the circular economy.

EMPIRICALLY GROUNDED CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS: COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY PROGRESSES THROUGH A MULTI-DIMENSIONAL APPROACH TO CLINICAL SCIENCE

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Salkovskis
Keyword(s):  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Treatment Development ◽  
Clinical Interventions ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Scientist Practitioner Model ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Current Emphasis

The current emphasis on Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) is both welcome as a bid to improve the empirical foundations of clinical practice and a cause for concern because it has the potential to distort the scientific approach that has underpinned the development of cognitive-behavioural approaches. It is suggested here that EBM needs to be seen in context; that is, as an approach that almost exclusively focuses on just one of the dimensions that have been and are crucial to the further development of Cognitive-Behavioural Treatments (CBT). EBM is particularly well suited to the development of Biological approaches to treatment, where treatments (and treatment development) are largely atheoretical. However, different considerations apply to CBT, where validated theory and linked research studies are key factors. It is suggested that relationship to evidence in CBT is best conceptualized in terms of Empirically Grounded Clinical Interventions. The parameters of such an approach are considered in relation to the Scientist Practitioner model that is prevalent in the field.

Internet-Mediated Communities

2011 ◽  
pp. 291-295
Author(s):  
Carlo Gabriel Porto Bellini ◽  
Lilia Maria Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Information Management ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Business Interests ◽  
Other Regarding

Internet-mediated communities (IMCs) emerge when people (their members) share interests and make use for some time of the same class of Internet technologies to exchange information with each other regarding the shared interests. The technological evolution in communications shows that IMCs are not a phenomenon specific to people with certain backgrounds or interests; indeed, the materialization of such communities seems to be limited only by technology, in the sense that a priori no person is put apart from potentially becoming a community member in the future. IMCs inspire academic research in several knowledge fields such as sociology, communications, rhetoric, laws, information management, education, and marketing. Although occurring abundantly in the literature, it is hard to find a satisfactory compilation of concepts for grounding prospective studies on such communities. The industry, in turn, is aware of the business opportunities enabled by IMCs; in fact, business models and investments have flourished in this regard since the first days of the concept (as illustrated in “Are Friends Electric?”, 1997; Hagel & Armstrong, 1997; La Franco, 1999; Machlis, 1998; Sansoni, 1999). A first attempt explicitly proposed in the literature towards rationale building unifying theoretical constructs and business interests seems to be that of Bellini and Vargas (2003); the present article aims to look at its fundamentals and indicate corresponding research lines for future investigation. The article is structured as follows: first, human groups, communities, and the Internet are put together under the concept of IMCs; second, a distinction is made between a community and its place—broadly defined, the realm where the community achieves meaning—and the individuals who shape the community’s identity are grouped in generic profiles found in most communities; third, 12 key factors for studying and implementing IMC Web sites—resultant from extensive literature review and a series of empirical studies—are defined; and last, trends in the IMC field are outlined as they present challenges for several research

From protest to power: Autonomist parties in government

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwen Elias ◽  
Filippo Tronconi
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The State ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Western European

In many Western European states, an increasing number of autonomist parties are taking part in government at state and regional levels. To date, however, scholars have paid little attention to the repercussions of government incumbency for these actors. This article aims to take a first step towards redressing this oversight. Based on an extensive literature examining political parties in government, we formulate hypotheses about how autonomist parties will approach, behave within and be affected by government office. We test these hypotheses by examining the participation of autonomist parties in regional and state governments in Western Europe since 1945. The findings demonstrate that the difficult decisions autonomist parties must make when entering government, the subsequent dilemmas and challenges that must be resolved once the threshold of government has been crossed, and the consequences of government incumbency, are similar to those faced by any political party in government. However, the fact that autonomist parties operate within a multi-level political context can render these challenges more complex than is the case for political parties operating (mainly or exclusively) at a single territorial level, usually that of the state. The article concludes by identifying key factors that affect the success of autonomist parties in government.

scholarly journals Understanding reusability as a key factor for open education: A review

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Chiappe ◽  
Vivian Arias
Keyword(s):  
Open Educational Resources ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Open Educational Practices ◽  
Open And Distance Learning ◽  
Open Content ◽  
Adaptation Processes ◽  
Practical Implications

This article describes both the process and the results of an extensive literature review on <em>reusability</em> as one of the key factors for the creation of open content in the context of open and distance learning. Qualitative analysis of texts was made from 1992 to early 2014 in order to identify meanings associated with reusability and its evolution over time. Results show that reusability is not a univocal concept and its meaning has evolved from its early years, especially focusing over the last decade on adaptation processes. Furthermore, the review indicates that reusability has traveled through a complex path from a technological to an educational context and the ideas related to it, in each case, projected different practical implications. A more profound understanding of such ideas is critical to face institutional approaches to create and reuse open educational resources as well as the design and implementation of open educational practices.

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