scholarly journals Effect of aeration flow rate on the growth of microalgae as a biofuel feedstock and wastewater treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-204
Author(s):  
Harrison Onome Tighiri
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Biofuel Feedstock

scholarly journals Municipal Wastewater Treatment Using a Packed Bio-tower Approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Klaus Doelle ◽  
Qian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Tower System

The study tested a designed and built pilot scale packed bio-tower system under continuous operation using pre-clarified municipal wastewater. Performance was evaluated by measuring the removal of chemical oxygen demand and nitrogen ammonia. The pilot scale packed bio-tower system had a diameter of 1209 mm (4 ft.) and a height of 3,962 mm (13 ft.) and contained Bentwood CF-1900 bacteria growth media with a surface area of 6,028.80 ft² (560.09 m²). The municipal residential sewage was fed into a 1,481 l (375 gal.) recirculation reservoir at a temperature of 15°C (59.0°F) and a flow rate between 7,571 l/d (2000 gal/d) and 90,850 l/d (24,000 gal/d) and recirculated through the bio-tower with a fixed recirculation rate of 75.7 l/min (20 gal/min). The influent COD value reduction achieved is between 63.4% and 84.8%, whereas the COD influent value varied between 87 mg/l and 140 mg/l. The influent NH3-N reduction achieved was between 99.8% and 91.8% whereas the influent NH3-N value was between 28.8 mg/l and 18.6 mg/l  at a flow rate between 7571 l/d (2000 gal/d) and 90,850 l/d (24,000 gal/d).

scholarly journals Gaussian process regression for monitoring and fault detection of wastewater treatment processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 2952-2963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Samuelsson ◽  
Anders Björk ◽  
Jesús Zambrano ◽  
Bengt Carlsson
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Missing Data ◽  
Fault Detection ◽  
Gaussian Process ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Sequential Monte Carlo ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Gaussian Process Regression ◽  
Local Optima ◽  
Efficient Operation

Monitoring and fault detection methods are increasingly important to achieve a robust and resource efficient operation of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The purpose of this paper was to evaluate a promising machine learning method, Gaussian process regression (GPR), for WWTP monitoring applications. We evaluated GPR at two WWTP monitoring problems: estimate missing data in a flow rate signal (simulated data), and detect a drift in an ammonium sensor (real data). We showed that GPR with the standard estimation method, maximum likelihood estimation (GPR-MLE), suffered from local optima during estimation of kernel parameters, and did not give satisfactory results in a simulated case study. However, GPR with a state-of-the-art estimation method based on sequential Monte Carlo estimation (GPR-SMC) gave good predictions and did not suffer from local optima. Comparisons with simple standard methods revealed that GPR-SMC performed better than linear interpolation in estimating missing data in a noisy flow rate signal. We conclude that GPR-SMC is both a general and powerful method for monitoring full-scale WWTPs. However, this paper also shows that it does not always pay off to use more sophisticated methods. New methods should be critically compared against simpler methods, which might be good enough for some scenarios.

scholarly journals Global Internal Recirculation Alternative Operation to Reduce Nitrogen and Ammonia Limit Violations and Pumping Energy Costs in Wastewater Treatment Plants

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1606
Author(s):  
Ignacio Santín ◽  
Ramon Vilanova ◽  
Carles Pedret ◽  
Marian Barbu
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Recirculation Flow ◽  
Operational Costs

The internal recirculation plays an important role in different areas of the biological treatment of wastewater treatment plants because it has a great influence on the concentration of pollutants, especially nutrients. A usual manipulation of the internal recirculation flow rate is based on the target of controlling the nitrate concentration in the last anoxic tank. This work proposes an alternative for the manipulation of the internal recirculation flow rate instead of nitrate control, with the objective of avoiding limit violations of nitrogen and ammonia concentrations and reducing operational costs. A fuzzy controller is proposed to achieve it based on the effects of the internal recirculation flow rate in different areas of the biological treatment. The proposed manipulation of the internal recirculation flow rate is compared to the application of the usual nitrate control in an already established and published operation strategy by using the internationally known benchmark simulation model no. 2 as a working scenario. The results show improvements with reductions of 59.40% in ammonia limit violations, 2.35% in total nitrogen limit violations, and 38% in pumping energy costs.

Utilization of Hydro-Turbines in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad I. Abbas ◽  
Mohammad D. Qandil ◽  
Muhannad R. Al-Haddad ◽  
Mandana S. Saravani ◽  
Ryoichi S. Amano
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
High Flow ◽  
High Flow Rate ◽  
Hydro Turbine ◽  
Hydro Turbines

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are a significant energy consumer, yet there are several opportunities of implementing on-site power generation systems. Within the treatment process, the high flow rate of effluent is produced and discharged to a nearby water body by gravity. Thus, hydro turbines can be utilized to generate power in such application due to a difference in elevation and high flow rate. This paper presents a case study of introducing a hydro turbine in wastewater treatment plant in Wisconsin and evaluating the power output in addition to determining the energy savings. The wastewater treatment plant considered in this study has an effluent flow rate of 190 MGD (million gallons per day) and elevation difference of 3 meters (10 feet) between the final stage of treatment and the discharge point. Based on the aforementioned parameters; hubless rim-drive Kaplan type hydro turbine (RDT) is the optimal choice to be used in such application. The RDT is designed and optimized by using in-house code. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software is applied to evaluate the performance of the proposed model, and the system is simulated through HOMER software to validate the results generated by the CFD. The expected savings is estimated to be 1,564 MWh/year.

Очистка бытовых сточных вод обратным осмосом

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pervov ◽  
K. Tikhonov
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Reject Water ◽  
Membrane Apparatus ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Raw Wastewater

Исследована возможность обработки бытовых сточных вод методом обратного осмоса с целью получения высококачественной воды, пригодной для сброса в водоем рыбохозяйственного назначения или для технических нужд. Представлено обоснование возможности утилизации концентрата установки обратного осмоса путем радикального сокращения его расхода до величины, не превышающей 0,51 расхода поступающей на очистку воды, и выведения концентрата с установки вместе с обезвоженным осадком в виде его влажности. Проведены эксперименты, позволяющие определить изменение концентрации растворенных загрязнений в фильтрате мембранных аппаратов и снижение производительности мембран в процессе обработки сточных вод и сокращения расхода концентрата. Получены основные зависимости, позволяющие определить: требуемый расход концентрата установки в зависимости от концентрации взвешенных веществ и ХПК требуемые значения выхода фильтрата в зависимости от концентраций аммония в исходной воде. Описана методика определения площади поверхности мембран и количества мембранных аппаратов на каждой ступени обработки сточной воды. Определены оптимальные значения рабочего давления, экономические показатели установки в сравнении с другими технологиями очистки сточных вод.Possible treatment of domestic wastewater by the reverse osmosis with the purpose of producing high-quality effluent suitable for the discharge into fishery water bodies or for the use as process water has been investigated. Possible recycling of reject water from a reverse osmosis unit by drastically reducing the flow rate to the value less than 0.51 of the incoming flow and removing the reject water as a moisture component of the dewatered sludge is presented. Experiments have been carried out to determine the change in the concentration of dissolved solids in the filtrate of the membrane apparatus and a decrease in the membrane capacity in the process of wastewater treatment and reject water flow reduction. The obtained dependencies allow to determine the following: the required flow rate of the reject water depending on the concentration of suspended solids and COD the required filtrate yield depending on the concentration of ammonium in raw wastewater. The methodology for determining the surface area of membranes and the number of membrane apparatus at each stage of wastewater treatment is described. The optimal values of working pressure, economic indicators of the unit in comparison with other wastewater treatment technologies were determined.

Carwash wastewater treatment by micro and ultrafiltration membranes: Effects of geometry, pore size, pressure difference and feed flow rate in transport properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alinne Clície Salgueiro Pinto ◽  
Luiza de Barros Grossi ◽  
Rafael Alvarenga Carvalho de Melo ◽  
Thalles Macedo de Assis ◽  
Vanessa Mendes Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Feed Flow Rate ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membranes
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document