scholarly journals Policy Implementation And The Promotion Of Service Delivery Within The Public Health Sector In South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Melody Brauns ◽  
Malcolm Wallis
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government

The South African healthcare sector stands at the threshold of major restructuring in an attempt to address inadequacies as a result of fragmentation of health services in apartheid South Africa. The level of health services, particularly in rural areas, has decreased and has led to reduced quality and productivity of health services. For individuals residing in rural communities, access to health services can be arduous. Delivery of essential services has to meet the needs of marginalised people who live in remote areas. The health sector is reputed to be good at formulating policies, discussing ideas, making recommendations, and spending resources, but poor on implementing policies. The government insists that the policy framework is transparent and well-defined and that what is needed is effective implementation. Regrettably, the transition of policy into practice is more complex than the perceived judgement of government. Critical concerns regarding issues about how policy can be effectively implemented and who should be responsible for implementation is one of major concern.

Corrupt Practices in the Public Health Sector: A Focus on Metropolitan Local Government Areas of Kano State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mustapha Namadi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Healthcare Provision ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Sector ◽  
The Government

Corruption is pervasive in Nigeria at all levels. Thus, despite recent gains in healthcare provision, the health sector faces numerous corruption related challenges. This study aims at examining areas of corruption in the health sector with specific focus on its types and nature. A sample size of 480 respondents aged 18 years and above was drawn from the eight Metropolitan Local Government Areas of Kano State, using the multistage sampling technique. The results revealed evidence of corrupt practices including those related to unnecessary-absenteeism, diversion of patients from the public health facilities to the private sector, diverting money meant for the purchase of equipment, fuel and diesel, bribery, stealing of medications, fraud, misappropriation of medications and unjustifiable reimbursement claims. In order to resolve the problem of corrupt practices in the healthcare sector, the study recommended the need for enforcement of appropriate code of ethics guiding the conduct of the health professionals, adoption of anti-corruption strategies, and strengthening the government monitoring system to check corruption in public health sector in order to ensure equitable access to healthcare services among the under-privileged people in the society.

ICTS and Their Role in Health Promotion

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motshedisi B. Sabone ◽  
Keitshokile D. Mogobe ◽  
Tiny G. Sabone
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Level Of Effort

This chapter presents findings of mini-survey that utilized an exploratory descriptive design to examine the accessibility, affordability, acceptability, and utility of ICTs with specific reference to health promotion for selected rural communities. Specifically, the study focused on access to radio, television, mobile phone, and Internet services at a level of effort and cost that is both acceptable to and within the means of a large majority in a given village. The findings indicate that ICTs gadgets explored have opened up possibility for health services and information to reach even people in the rural areas. Ultimately, access affects the general well-being of individuals. One of the major initiatives under the umbrella of health is improving access to health services and information; and this covers among other things, expanding the delivery of health information through the radio and television. This study confirms breakthrough in this respect. Challenges that accompany the use of these ICT gadgets include no connectivity in some areas and lack of training to use them.

scholarly journals Lived Experiences of Pneumonia Victims in Davao City: A Phenomenological Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Dave Mendoza Pregoner ◽  
Stephen Aseo ◽  
Angel Dominguiano
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Medical Society ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Financial Barriers ◽  
The Government

An access to primary care offered by the government has been the major concern of this study, which are deprived with complicated perceptions specifically in rural areas. The study engaged a phenomenological approach that characterized human experiences, and mainly to observe the behavioral response of people involved in this research. Also, it uses a purposive sampling technique that involves handpicking participants based on pre-selected criteria. The results gained specified themes through the use of thematic analysis. Based on the identified results, there were four themes introduced in the study that encompasses the problem; and the four themes that were mentioned were Financial Barriers, Structural Barriers, Cognitive Barriers, and Psychological Barriers. Each theme has sub-themes that mimic the problem of the community to the medical society within its access to health services. With regards to this result, the researchers came up with certifying alternatives that would develop the governments’ capabilities in giving quality to health services. It was determined that people should be able to comprehend the barriers hindering them to access the health services. Thus, they should commit themselves on appealing an effective communication to the government. The lingering biases and prejudices of medical experts to the remote communities should be dissipated instantly to avoid future complications. In this similar way, the two should submit to an organized and to an effective stabilized relationship for a better response.

scholarly journals Model collaborative governance dalam pembangunan desa pada masa covid-19: studi di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-31
Author(s):  
Ardian Prabowo ◽  
Mujibur Rahman Khairul Muluk ◽  
Ainul Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Cultural Resilience ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
The Government

At present, the Covid-19 contagious disease outbreak can spread rapidly throughout the world, including Indonesia. Apart from having a negative impact on the health sector, it also impacts the economic, social, cultural, resilience, tourism and other sectors. This can threaten people in rural areas who have gaps in health accessibility and high levels of poverty compared to urban areas. So it is necessary to carry out village economic development, but still protect the health of rural communities from the Covid-19 disaster. This cannot be done by the government alone. Interdisciplinary and field cooperation is required by referring to the principles of collaborative governance. The research objective was to determine the ideal collaborative governance model in village development during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research uses qualitative methods with a descriptive approach. This method can be studied comprehensively and deeply. The results of this study indicate that in South Lampung Regency there are already several priority activities in the economic and health sectors, some of these priority activities such as Covid-19 Response Village, Village Cash Intensive Work, Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance (BLT), and other Infrastructure Development. These priority activities are collaborations carried out by the government, society and business

Patterns of Health Services Utilization in Rural Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Pong ◽  
M DesMeules ◽  
D Heng ◽  
C Lagacé ◽  
JR Guernsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
Public Health Agency ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Research Project ◽  
The Public

Canadians value ease of access to their health services. Although many studies have focused on accessibility to health services in Canada, few have examined rural-urban differences in this aspect, particularly from a national perspective. Yet disparities in access to health services exist between rural and urban populations, as do the challenges of delivering health care to more remote areas or to those with small populations. “Canada’s Rural Communities: Understanding Rural Health and Its Determinants” is a three-year research project co-funded by the Canadian Population Health Initiative (CPHI) of the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI) and the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC). It involves investigators from the Public Health Agency of Canada, the Centre for Rural and Northern Health Research (CRaNHR) at Laurentian University, and other researchers. The first publication of the research project was How Healthy Are Rural Canadians? An Assessment of Their Health Status and Health Determinants;Footnote 1a1a this, the second publication, is a descriptive analysis of the utilization patterns of a broad range of health services by rural residents compared to their urban counterparts.

ICTS and Their Role in Health Promotion

2012 ◽  
pp. 211-224
Author(s):  
Motshedisi B. Sabone ◽  
Keitshokile D. Mogobe ◽  
Tiny G. Sabone
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Level Of Effort

This chapter presents findings of mini-survey that utilized an exploratory descriptive design to examine the accessibility, affordability, acceptability, and utility of ICTs with specific reference to health promotion for selected rural communities. Specifically, the study focused on access to radio, television, mobile phone, and Internet services at a level of effort and cost that is both acceptable to and within the means of a large majority in a given village. The findings indicate that ICTs gadgets explored have opened up possibility for health services and information to reach even people in the rural areas. Ultimately, access affects the general well-being of individuals. One of the major initiatives under the umbrella of health is improving access to health services and information; and this covers among other things, expanding the delivery of health information through the radio and television. This study confirms breakthrough in this respect. Challenges that accompany the use of these ICT gadgets include no connectivity in some areas and lack of training to use them.

scholarly journals Online appendix 2:An evaluation of the public sector optometric service provided within the health districts in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moraka E. Maake ◽  
Vanessa R. Moodley
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Online Appendix ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Study Sites

Background: In South Africa, optometry has been traditionally positioned within the private sector. The situation has gradually changed over the past two decades, with optometry being introduced into the public sector in many parts of the country. Despite the growing numbers, optometrists are still new within the public health sector, motivating this study to evaluate the eye care services they provide.Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study was undertaken. Stratified random selection was applied to select the study sites, and systematic sampling was used to select patients’ files. A saturated sample of public sector optometrists employed in the selected districts completed study questionnaires. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, Version 21.Results: A total of 2968 records were reviewed, and gender distribution was 67.6% female and 32.4% male. Refraction (86.73%) was the most frequently conducted test, followed by ophthalmoscopy (74.73%), colour vision (0.07%) and gonioscopy (0.03%). The response rate for the questionnaires was 64.7%. Optometric outreach services were conducted by 54.5% of optometrists, and the majority (83.3%) reported that the farthest outreach facility was more than 50 km from their base hospital. The availability of equipment at outreach facilities was less as compared to base hospitals, while some reported not having the necessary equipment even at base hospitals. None of the optometrists did contact lens fitting at outreach facilities. A lack of equipment was cited as one of the reasons for not providing this service by 100% of optometrists. Most optometrists (63.6%) believed that more than 30% of their referrals might have been avoided if they had prescribed therapeutic agents to manage ocular conditions.Conclusion: Introducing optometrists within the public sector improves access to services for rural communities. However, the minimum standard of optometric care is not practised, allegedly because of a lack of equipment. Therefore, resources should be made available to enable optometrists to provide comprehensive optometric services. In addition, the study highlighted the need for more optometry posts in rural communities and for the implementation of career growth paths to attract and retain optometrists within the public sector.

scholarly journals Illiteracy among Caregivers: Implications for Children's Educational and Social Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barrington Makunga ◽  
Catherina Johanna Schenck ◽  
Nicolette V Roman ◽  
Gary Spolander
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Social Inadequacy ◽  
Educational Advancement ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village

The ability of primary caregivers to provide a healthy, nurturing and stimulating environment for their children is essential for children’s educational advancement and emotional development. However, caregivers who live in the rural areas in South Africa face many challenges, ranging from acute poverty and limited education and skills to feelings of social inadequacy and marginalisation. These factors directly and indirectly affect their ability to care for children and thus these children’s educational progress and future economic and social prospects. This article describes the experiences of illiterate caregivers in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, in attempting (or otherwise) to assist the children in their care with their schoolwork. An exploratory study was conducted in the village of Ku Jonga in the Eastern Cape’s rural Coffee Bay, which used focus groups comprising caregivers and teachers. Among the findings was that many children’s lack of educational advancement in the school system has complex origins, but that the illiteracy of their primary caregivers (which results in their inability to help with schoolwork or to provide the motivation or environment for learning) is a leading cause. A key conclusion was that caregivers, teachers and external stakeholders (for example the government and civil organisations) need to work together to arrive at a common understanding of the specific problems and priorities of rural communities, particularly with regard to education, and to introduce practical initiatives to help these communities become more motivated, productive and self-sustaining.

The privatisation of healthcare system in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Redwanur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that triggered the privatisation of Bangladesh’s health sector. Design/methodology/approach This study follows systematic reviews in its undertaking and is based on an extensive review of both published and unpublished documents. Different search engines and databases were used to collect the materials. The study takes into account of various research publications, journal articles, government reports, policy and planning documents, relevant press reports/articles, and reports and discussion papers from the World Health Organization, the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank. Findings While Bangladesh’s healthcare sector has undergone an increasing trend towards privatisation, this move has limited benefits on the overall improvement in the health of the people of Bangladesh. The public sector should remain vital, and the government must remobilise it to provide better provision of healthcare. Research limitations/implications The paper focusses only on the public policy aspect of privatisation in healthcare of a country. Practical implications The paper examines the issue of privatisation of healthcare and concludes that privatisation not only makes services more expensive, but also diminishes equity and accountability in the provision of services. The study, first, makes a spate of observations on improving public healthcare resources, which can be of value to key decision makers and stakeholders in the healthcare sector. It also discourages the move towards private sector interventions. Originality/value This study is an independent explanation of a country’s healthcare system. Lesson learned from this study could also be used for developing public policy in similar socio-economic contexts.

scholarly journals Large diameter hand-dug wells in South Africa

Water Policy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Modreck Gomo ◽  
Yolanda Kotzé ◽  
Danie Vermeulen
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Technical Advances ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Policy Arena

Abstract Despite technical advances, traditional large diameter hand-dug wells remain very important in remote and rural communities as a method for gaining access to groundwater for drinking, domestic and agricultural activities. This paper explores and discusses large diameter hand-dug wells in South Africa, with regard to their utilisation, research and development, and the legislative and policy framework guiding their development and use. While large diameter hand-dug wells have featured in national legislative and policy frameworks, and in early technical guidelines, in recent years the subject has not received much attention. There is also little evidence to suggest that large diameter hand-dug wells receive any attention in typical academic and research curriculums. While South Africa's national vision is to provide improved water supply schemes in rural areas under which clean drinking water can be accessed via communal water taps, it is clear that in some rural communities household large diameter hand-dug wells still remain the most feasible and convenient way to provide water, not only for drinking but also for agricultural activities – a key form of livelihood support contributing to poverty reduction. Large diameter hand-dug wells still need attention in the policy arena to improve technical guidance to optimise the development, utilisation and management of these wells.

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