scholarly journals Crisis of the Modern Age and the Way Out: An Examination of T. S. Eliot’s Four Quartets

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Fatima Falih Ahmed Al-Badrani ◽  
Abdullah Fawaz Al-Badarneh
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
God's Will ◽  
The Troubles ◽  
Four Quartets ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The twentieth century was one of change and unrest. What characterises the age is that society, up to a high degree, was hostile to spiritual life. The spiritual values seemed to be neglected or totally abandoned for the material, more matter-of-fact values. This left society in a state of increasing confusion that was substantially realised in the outbreak of World War I. The impact of the war revealed the degeneration of the modern world with the breakdown of religion and moral and spiritual traditions. T. S. Eliot was fully aware of the ills of modern civilisation that surrounded people with a number of faiths established haphazardly to fight against the troubles of modern life. These faiths refer to political and social ideologies, parties, and allegiances. Eliot finds that all modern ideologies are poor and futile substitutions for religious faith. He finds that society should be built not upon power and its corruption, but upon a higher system of values which are mainly spiritual and moral. This research paper demonstrates how Eliot's Four Quartets affirms the possibility of spiritual regeneration and gives a positive projection of hope. The central theme of the poem is that if the heart of the individual is ever to be at rest, if his/her tormented apprehension about the transience of human life is ever to be calmed, it will be so when he/she accepts the conviction that humans’ peace is in God's will.

scholarly journals Anthropological Foundations of Global Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 270-281
Author(s):  
Andrzej Gzegorczyk
Keyword(s):  
Student Development ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Global Education ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Individual

The first Ukrainian translation of the text by Andrzej Grzegorczyk "Anthropological Foundations of Global Education". Andrzej Grzegorczyk (1922-2014) asks the question: is the current construction of the world educational system theoretically justified in terms of human cognitive needs in the modern world, and does it have prospects for development? The theoretical starting point for the rational substantiation of the construction of a modern educational program needed in our era can be represented by distinguishing two components of the picture of human life: 1) stages of development of knowledge of the child and 2) branches (spheres) of human activity to which the school should prepare. Andrzej Grzegorczyk offers his own vision of the sequence of formation of the student's personality. Based on the achievements of socio-evolutionary psychology, he proposes to correlate ontogenesis and phylogeny in education. The young human individual goes, in particular, through successive phases of development, in each of which in turn is dominated by the following four educational and developmental processes initiated by the natural human environment (as well as school). The stages of learning correspond, thus, to the prospects of student development: from the narrowest (family-tribal) perspective to the universalist, which is a synthesis of what tradition brings, as well as acquired knowledge and development of a sense of universal values. Thus, the stages (levels) of education can, in his opinion, be called as follows: 1) family-tribal, 2) traditionally national-religious, 3) individual-rationalist-scientific, 4) universalist-synthetic. The second dimension of the education program is the field / field of study. Presenting the problems of creative realization of values ​​in public life, they can be arranged according to certain parameters: guidelines for activity, way of seeing one's place in society, forms (mechanisms) of action to which the individual is usually subject or implements at this stage, related norms and positions. Among the positions of special attention deserves the experience of self-worth. In the formation of the educational system should include in the content of education the following topics related to culture, the following parameters: type of culture, the main idea of ​​culture of this type, characteristics of the richness of cultural production of this type and related type of knowledge.

scholarly journals Innowacja w kreowaniu wartości konsumenckich jako istotny czynnik podejmowanych wyborów społeczno-ekonomicznych

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 165-180
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Morawiak
Keyword(s):  
Time Management ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Consumer Values ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

Innovation in creating consumer values as an important factor in socio-economic selection making  Consumption concerns many aspects of human life in both material and non-material dimensions. It shapes the attitude towards the family, spare time management, religion or culture. It sets the shape of our dreams, desires and life aspirations. On the one hand, it affects the system of our values, on the other hand, it is inspired by this system. Opponents of consumption, treating it as a secondary value and value in itself, accuse it of leading to the development of such phenomena as: mass entertainment, commercialization of culture or devel­opment of quite unnecessary, apparent needs. Instead, it removes the values generally respected in so­ciety, such as: interest in the fate of others, solidarity, care for the environment or the future of next gen­erations. Today’s consumer is not a mindless human being subject to the rules of the market, they are increasingly educated, aware and responsible. They make choices based not only on their own needs but based on values existing in a given society. They purchase wisely and respectfully, remembering that today’s choices will be the legacy for future generations, thus the consumer’s interest must be synchronized with these generations. Nowadays, it is the consumer who creates the image of the company, forcing it to take ethical and moral actions, and also heading for conscious consumption. Such an attitude creates the opportunity to include the consumer in the processes of companies’ activities and their innovations, as well as treating them personally and more like a partner. In the realities of the new economic, political, and social system, new values of individuals, as well as of entire social groups associated with the behaviour of consumers of the modern world are developing. Consumption, on the one hand, determines the shape of dreams, desires and the way of life. On the other hand, based on an innovative approach to it, it performs a symbolic function that gives a deeper and wider perspective to existing products, emphasizing them as exceeding their useful functions. Consumers becoming more aware of their choices take into account not only the system of their own values but also the values existing in a given society. This innovative approach to consumption creates new quality, a new lifestyle, it shapes new roles, it draws attention to the environment around us, and it cares about the sensible use of its resources and its means. Following values in the selection of products reveals responsibility connected to decision making, its impact on the environment and on entire social groups. They allow the individual to real­ize themselves in the group and the human community, they enable human development, achieving customer satisfaction, and avoiding the plundering economy. 

scholarly journals СОЦІАЛЬНА ПОЛІТИКА ПРАВОСЛАВНИХ ЦЕРКОВ УКРАЇНИ В КОНТЕКСТІ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
MARTYSHYN D.,
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Science Philosophy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Doctrine Of The Church ◽  
The Church

У статті подано виклад сучасних теоретичних засад соціальноїполітики українських православних церков і практичної діяльностірелігійних громад в умовах процесів глобалізації. Показано взаємозв’язоксоціального вчення церкви з державним управлінням, політологією,філософією та соціологією. Осмислено актуальні проблеми в реалізаціїсоціального служіння церков та можливі шляхи модернізації соціальноїполітики церкви. Автор вважає, що соціальна сфера не лише суспільства,але й церковного буття являє собою складну й динамічну парадигмудуховного й соціального розвитку сучасного світу. Вонахарактеризується низкою різнобічних параметрів, які окреслюютьпарадигми життєдіяльності людства. Оскільки особисте життя,професійна діяльність і місія християнина відбуваються у життідержави, то й будь-які зміни у ній приводять до змін у становищіокремої людини, і навпаки. Соціальна політика церкви є одним з головнихнапрямів місії церкви у сучасному світі і має відповідати теологічнійдумці християнства. Ігнорування релігійними громадами питаннясоціальної політики може призвести до втрати конструктивного йпозитивного впливу релігії на життя суспільства. The article describes the modern theoretical foundations of social policy ofUkrainian Orthodox Churches and the practical activities of religiouscommunities in the conditions of globalization processes. The interrelation ofthe social doctrine of the Church with public administration, political science,philosophy and sociology is shown. The actual problems in implementing thesocial service of Churches and possible ways of modernizing the social policyof the Church are comprehensively understood. The author believes that thesocial sphere not only of society, but also of Church life is a complex anddynamic paradigm of spiritual and social development of the modern world. Itis characterized by a variety of versatile parameters that outline the paradigmsof human life. Since the personal life, professional activity and mission of aChristian occur in the life of the state, then any changes in it lead to changes inthe situation of the individual and vice versa. The social policy of the Church isone of the main directions of the mission of the Church in the modern worldand should correspond to the theological thought of Christianity. Ignoring byreligious communities the issue of social policy can lead to the loss of theconstructive and positive influence of religion on society

T. S. Eliot

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Dickey ◽  
Ria Banerjee ◽  
Christopher McVey ◽  
John Morgenstern ◽  
Patrick Query ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
American Girl ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
The Waste Land ◽  
Four Quartets ◽  
Waste Land ◽  
The Individual

Poet, dramatist, and critic Thomas Stearns Eliot (b. 1888–d. 1965) won fame for such poems as “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” (1915), The Waste Land (1922), and “The Hollow Men” (1925), which ushered in and helped define the modernist era of literature. His critical writings also shaped literary taste and study in the 20th century. Born and raised in St. Louis, Missouri, by a Unitarian family with deep roots in American history, he was educated at Harvard and wrote his first significant poems during his year abroad in Paris, 1910–1911. After completing most of the work for a PhD in philosophy, he found himself abroad again during the outbreak of World War I, and he decided to marry an Englishwoman, Vivienne Haigh-Wood, and put down roots in London. His first book of poems, Prufrock and Other Observations (1917), surprised readers with its modern vocabulary, free-verse rhythms, and compelling dramatic voices. While working as a teacher and then a banker, Eliot established himself as an authoritative new voice in literary criticism with essays including “Tradition and the Individual Talent” (1919), “Hamlet” (1919), and “The Metaphysical Poets” (1921). He introduced terms that shaped literary study throughout the 20th century: “impersonality,” “the objective correlative,” and “dissociation of sensibility.” In 1920 he collected his early essays in The Sacred Wood and published another volume of poems, including “Gerontion.” His personal life was not happy; he regretted having married a woman he did not love instead of the American girl he left behind in Massachusetts, Emily Hale (during his lifetime he wrote over one thousand letters to her). Considered his greatest work and probably the most significant poem of the 20th century, The Waste Land (1922) expresses his personal emotional conflict in terms of the larger historical currents of the immediate postwar period: the aftershocks of war, a crisis of faith, changing gender roles, urbanization, and a sense of deracination from the past. Erudite, multilingual, and difficult to read, but also highly charged with feeling, this poem captured the spirit of the interwar era, received more sustained attention than any other literary work in the 20th century, and is known and quoted across the globe. Eliot further distinguished himself by converting to the Anglican church in 1927 and becoming its leading poet and dramatist with his conversion poem Ash-Wednesday (1930), the play Murder in the Cathedral (first performed 1935), and the long lyric sequence Four Quartets (1936–1941). He also became a British citizen, so he can be considered both an American and an English writer. In the 1930s and 1940s he turned more toward drama and engaged with cultural and social debates in his criticism from a Christian perspective. Eliot won the Nobel Prize in literature in 1948.

Holding our breath in our modern world: will mitochondria keep the pace with climate changes?

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 591-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre U. Blier ◽  
Hélène Lemieux ◽  
Nicolas Pichaud
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Thermal Habitat ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
Thermal Range ◽  
Thermal Environments ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
The Impact

Changes in environmental temperature can pose considerable challenges to animals and shifts in thermal habitat have been shown to be a major force driving species’ adaptation. These adaptations have been the focus of major research efforts to determine the physiological or metabolic constraints related to temperature and to reveal the phenotypic characters that can or should adjust. Considering the current consensus on climate change, the focus of research will likely shift to questioning whether ectothermic organisms will be able to survive future modifications of their thermal niches. Organisms can adjust to temperature changes through physiological plasticity (e.g., acclimation), genetic adaptation, or via dispersal to more suitable thermal habitats. Thus, it is important to understand what genetic and phenotypic attributes—at the individual, population, and species levels—could improve survival success. These issues are particularly important for ectotherms, which are in thermal equilibrium with the surrounding environment. To start addressing these queries, we should consider what physiological or metabolic functions are responsible for the impact of temperature on organisms. Some recent developments indicate that mitochondria are key metabolic structures determining the thermal range that an organism can tolerate. The catalytic capacity of mitochondria is highly sensitive to thermal variation and therefore should partly dictate the temperature dependence of biological functions. Mitochondria contain a complex network of different enzymatic reaction pathways that interact synergistically. The precise regulation of both adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production depends on the integration of different enzymes and pathways. Here, we examine the temperature dependence of different parts of mitochondrial pathways and evaluate the evolutionary challenges that need to be overcome to ensure mitochondrial adaptations to new thermal environments.

scholarly journals ВОЗМОЖНО ЛИ ГОВОРИТЬ О РАЦИОНАЛЬНОСТИ ЙОГИ?

2019 ◽  
pp. 157-169
Author(s):  
В. В. Лобас
Keyword(s):  
Design Thinking ◽  
Human Life ◽  
A Priori ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
Eastern Culture ◽  
Domestic Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual

In world philosophical practice, yoga is given great attention: courses are given at leading universities of the world, various kinds of projects are being opened to study this type of spiritual technique, research in history continues, and of course, there are a number of scientists who associate knowledge about it as a scientific character. , and with its practical application in modern culture. Unfortunately, in domestic literature not enough attention paid to such an ancient and relevant philosophy in the modern world. In the article we set the task to analyze this aspect of multifaceted human life from the standpoint of the modern European researcher. Eastern culture can be viewed in the context of art, religion, mythology, but the question arises: can it be viewed and evaluated in the context of mental, rational discourse? On the basis of ancient texts, on the basis of works of famous Indologists, modern European philosophers, an attempt was made to describe the rationality of yoga and give it a definition. The author goes to the general nature of the rationality of the East, represented by a cosmological-mythological worldview. He concludes that for a man of the East there are other norms and criteria of rationality than for a European-oriented worldview. The author also analyzes the nature of the design thinking of a person with this form of worldview. For a person of the East, there are other norms and criteria for rationality than for a European-oriented worldview. The rationality of the philosophy of yoga should be the basis for research practices and technologies of yoga. It can be given a conditional definition, but its meaning is deep and rooted in hoary antiquity, and requires careful and thorough analysis. The union of all ascetic practices and religious teachings takes place in the Gita, so without analyzing its texts, it is impossible to understand the rationality of yoga. Yoga rationality is mythological and cosmological in nature: it is an a priori scheme of man’s perception of the world and himself, in which ideas about karma and nirvana were central to world orientation and activity, and the mystic of cosmic and biological emphasized the polyvalence of these apriorisms. Such rationality allows the yogi to mentally move from the world of carnal beings into the world of gods and into the world of transcendental gods. The last world appears as an intermediate between the phenomenal world and the non-world of nirvana. Various Indian practices, techniques, and methods aimed at freeing the spirit through separation acquired their followers, because after the “Upanishads” the rejection of life due to socio-political structures and history became the most worthy soteriological solution. Hence the orientation of the yogi to internal self-improvement and indifference to the outside world. Moral decency and cosmic order here are concepts of the same level, starting with the moral positions of the individual soul, which is akin to the spiritual essence of the Cosmos, and Good and Evil act as metaphors for the rhythmic nature of life, both of Cosmos and of Man.

scholarly journals U-Slot Patch Antenna using Space Reduction Optimization

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 504-509
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Space Reduction ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Wireless communications has been created in the modern world particularly during micro-strip patch antenna. The future development of the individual Communication devices will expect to give images, speech and data information at any time. In this work, the structure and presentation of a co-axial feed Uslot micro-strip antenna for 24.7GHz WLAN application is obtainable. The return loss and VSWR of these proposed methods are studying and analysing to using Simulation Technology of patch to enhance the transformation of antenna. In this proposed method is higher impedance of space reduction optimisation. The impact of the use of different search space creation strategies used. The methods were exhibited for the design space reduction. Various tables, graphs showing these comparisons with detailed analysis have been included in this paper.

scholarly journals Globalization vs Localization: the Dialectics of Interaction in the Modern World

2021 ◽  
pp. 207-224
Author(s):  
Yaroslava Vermenych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Local History ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Modern World ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Cultural Differentiation ◽  
The World ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
Traditional Norms ◽  
The Impact

The intensification of interest in the local history and regionalism is happening all over the world as globalization processes undermine the specific development of individual countries and their parts. The weakening of the internal social structures of modern states is manifested in the destruction of old and the search for new sources of identification. In the context of methodological approaches to the "spatial paradigm" the article examines the impact of globalization processes on the dynamics and structure of regionalization and localization of modern societies. By expanding the scope of human contacts, globalization creates additional reserves for the socio-economic development of most countries. But at the same time it creates new risks and dangers, because it involves narrowing the possibility of choosing a special, specific path of development. The duality of the process of globalization is manifested in the fact that it unprecedentedly expands and at the same time narrows the space of human life. While the economy is destroying national borders, people, not wanting to lose the feeling of "home", are looking for local spaces with strong ties. Globalization and localization are becoming parallel processes, which is reflected in the new concept of "glocalization". It is proved that the general tendency of globalization to influence the world-system structure is to increase the potential for interconnectedness and interdependence. The boundaries between the internal and external spaces of states, and hence between domestic and foreign policy, are partially blurred. The counter-flows of innovation and inertia, standardization and cultural differentiation create a unique palette of intercivilizational exchanges and interactions – with a corresponding expansion of the "space of opportunities". In response to cultural unification and the pressure of the standard, more and more people are trying to defend their identity, demonstrating a commitment to traditional norms and values. Therefore, the universal tendency to globalization is opposed by the tendency to diversify, which is manifested in the cultivation of their own space of existence, advocating the priorities of cultural, ethnic, religious and other group identities

scholarly journals Features of the impact of crisis phenomena on the educational process in modern society

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Юрий Семенович Исаченко ◽  
Алексей Анатольевич Прядехо ◽  
Александр Павлович Тонких
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Процесс воспитания и становления личности на современном этапе развития общества необходимо рассматривать в совокупности всех общественных процессов, которые неразрывно связаны в своем взаимосуществовании. Нежелание или неспособность субъектов социальных отношений видеть в личности абсолютную цель любого социального взаимодействия активизирует первоначальное противоречие между свободой и необходимостью, проявляющееся внешне в конфликте между индивидуумами в социальном конфликте. Его преодолевает приверженность моральному долгу и уважение к социальным нормам. Секрет ориентации на такого рода отношения достаточно прост: современный образовательный процесс – это феномен социальной культуры, который можно представить как процесс культурного образования или процесс личной инкультуры. В современном социуме был сформирован положительный стереотип школьной жизни: учитель соответствовал образу самого уважаемого человека – за его знания, мудрость, доброту и другие личностные качества. Этому способствовало как общество в целом (в первую очередь государственная пропаганда, в которой учителю отводилась главенствующая роль), так и конкретные педагогические работники. Люди четко представляли цель своей жизни и способы ее достижения. Причем эти способы не отражались негативом своего достижения на окружающих. В работе анализируется влияние средств массовой информации, кинематографа, эстрады на состояние воспитанности подрастающего поколения, выявлены последствия воздействия современного медиаресурса на формирование поведения и самосознания подрастающего поколения в современном мире. The process of education and formation of the individual at the present stage of development of society must be considered in the totality of all social processes that are inextricably linked in their mutual existence. The unwillingness or inability of the subjects of social relations to see in the individual the absolute goal of any social interaction activates the initial contradiction between freedom and necessity, which manifests itself externally in a conflict between individuals in a social conflict. It is overcome by a commitment to moral duty and respect for social norms. The secret of orientation to this kind of relationship is quite simple: the modern educational process is a phenomenon of social culture, which can be represented as a process of cultural education or a process of personal inculturation. In modern society, a positive stereotype of school life was formed: the teacher corresponded to the image of the most respected person – for his knowledge, wisdom, kindness and other personal qualities. This was facilitated both by society as a whole (first of all, by state propaganda, in which the teacher was given a dominant role), and by specific teaching staff. People had a clear idea of the purpose of their life and how to achieve it. Moreover, these methods were not reflected by the negative of their achievement on others. The paper analyzes the influence of mass media, cinema, pop music on the state of upbringing of the younger generation, reveals the consequences of the impact of modern media resources on the formation of behavior and self-consciousness of the younger generation in the modern world.

The Impact of Phenomenon of Diaspora in The Preservation of National Culture on Example of Russian Diaspora in Bolivia

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Elena Serukhina
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Native Culture ◽  
The Impact

<p>Globalization covers the most diverse spheres of human life, including social, where the processes of migration and globalization of culture take on special significance. Cultures arise and develop, interacting with each other. And the first field of this interaction is the diaspora. Diaspora is the environment where culture is directly developed and enriched. The development of diasporas is carried out by spreading the culture, values and traditions of their people, but at the same time integrating into society with a different culture, which implies the acquisition of new socially and spiritually significant qualities. The psychological reason for the emergence of the diaspora is that people far from their homeland begin to understand, appreciate and even more love their native culture. The development of the modern world is characterized, as we know, by globalization. Can the phenomenon of the diaspora in modern social life be associated with it? No, because the diaspora is directly connected with culture, while globalization is opposed to culture. Globalization is aimed at unification, ignoring the problem of cultural identity. Globalization involves the erasure of cultural features, the loss of cultural, ethnic, religious differences. But at the same time, globalization contributes to the growth of population migration, which leads to an increase in the number of diasporas abroad. The rapid growth of immigrant communities and their institutionalization forced to talk about "the diasporaization of the world" as one of the scenarios for the development of mankind. One way or another, this process deepens and takes more and more new forms, and the role of diasporas and their influence are intensified.</p>

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