scholarly journals Assessing Energy Source Preference of Household and Stand Diversity in the Catchment Area of Bamako, Mali

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (36) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Oumar Coulibaly ◽  
Abdou Ballo ◽  
Fousseny Cissoko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Parkia Biglobosa ◽  
Combretum Micranthum ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Strong Capacity

Wood fuel as a domestic combustible plays a major role for the Malian population (more than 90% of households depend on it for domestic cooking). It is used in rural as well as in urban areas. This paper focuses on assessing the energy source preference of households and stand diversity in Bamako catchment area. We have surveyed 200 households and 70 firewood and charcoal sellers in the District of Bamako. Forest inventory was carried out in Famana and Kassela within the Bamako catchment area where plots have been established (10 plots of 50 x 20 m per site). Plots were separated from each other by 50m. Results showed that the use of charcoal is higher than firewood in the urban households due to its availability and easy handling. 71.50% of households in Bamako use charcoal for cooking meals. Charcoal has become the most preferred source of energy for households in Bamako. The main factors for this trend are related to poverty, cooking habits of households, and urbanization. The two sites (Famana and Faya) are characterized by high diversity. Famana has a Shannon Diversity Index of 2.92 while Faya has 2.55. The study revealed a strong capacity of woody formations to provide species such as Combretum glutinosum, Combretum micranthum, and Lannea velutina which is very convenient for domestic combustion. These species have a rapid regeneration capacity and can grow in many types of ecological environments. Species such as Parkia biglobosa, Vittelaria paradoxa, Ficus gnaphalocarpa, and Khaya senegalensis (protected species) that are highly appreciated by households of Bamako have a great economic value and are constantly under threat. Households demand for these species exceeds the production capacity of forests. Immediate actions are needed to promote modern energy in order to ensure sustainable development.

scholarly journals Landscape structure and climate seasonality affect the amount, richness and diversity of pollen collected by honeybees in a Neotropical region of Colombia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula María Montoya-Pfeiffer ◽  
Guiomar Nates-Parra
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Colony Development ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Pollen Species

AbstractPollen is the main food for honeybee broods and young workers and so colony development and reproduction rely heavily on pollen availability, both spatially and temporally, in the environment. Intensification of agriculture and climate seasonality are known to alter honeybee foraging patterns and pollen intake through changes in resource availability in temperate regions; however, little is known about how honeybees respond to such environmental factors in tropical regions.Pollen species collected by honeybees in a Neotropical agricultural region of Colombia were identified. The effects of landscape structure (landscape Shannon Diversity Index, forest area in 1000 m around the apiary) and climate seasonality (mean monthly precipitation) on the amount, richness and diversity of pollen collected by the honeybees were evaluated for all pollen species together and pollen species segregated according to forest and anthropic areas (croplands, grasslands, woodlands, urban areas).Honeybees were found to be much more associated with anthropic than forest pollen species regardless of landscape structure or precipitation. However, the amount, richness and diversity of pollen from all species and forest species responded positively to landscape diversity and forest area, suggesting an advantage for honeybees in obtaining small quantities of pollen from forest species, in spite of being well-adapted to forage in anthropic areas. Precipitation was found not to be related to the overall amount and overall richness of pollen collected by honeybees, suggesting that climate seasonality was not an important factor for pollen foraging. Nonetheless, overall pollen diversity was negatively affected by precipitation in less diverse landscapes, while anthropic pollen diversity was negatively affected in more forested landscapes. These findings are compared with those from temperate regions, and the implications for honeybee productivity and survival, and their interactions with Neotropical native species, are discussed.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS ANGGREK ALAM (Orchidaceae) BERDASARKAN KETINGGIAN TEMPAT DI GUNUNG POTENG CAGAR ALAM RAYA PASI KOTA SINGKAWANG PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novita Putri Sesar ◽  
Iskandar A M ◽  
Togar Fernando Manurung
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Medium Range

Natural orchids are one of the flora in Mount Poteng which is included of Raya Pasi Nature Reserve located at Singkawang City, West Kalimantan Province. Orchids have economic value for source of income and be beneficial to ecology that needs to be protected. The altitudes and environmental factors strongly affected the presence of orchid species.The research aims to record the diversity of natural orchids species based on the altitudes place in Mount Poteng. The research was conducted on February 28 until March 28, 2020. This research uses survey method. The research sample was taken using double plots method and to determine sample plots locations is conducted by purposive. The total number of the sample plots is 16 plots and each plot measure 20 by 50 meters. Based on the result of research found 19 species of natural orchids that consist of 348 individuals. The results analysis of the diversity index of orchid species in whole of altitudes at Mount Poteng is 1,338 that is included medium range. The highest species diversity index of 1,300 occurred at altitude of 400-500 m asl and the lowest species diversity index at altitude of 700-725 m asl that is 0,594. Orchid species which found in whole of altitudes is Dendrobium crumenatum. Furthermor, there were found the orchid species on certain heights are Cleisostoma scortechinii, Cordiglottis filiformis, Ludisia discolor, and Phalaenopsis pantherina at altitude of 400-500 m asl and species of Bromheadia finlaysoniana and Pomatocalpa latifolia found at altitude of 700-725 m asl.Keywords: altitudes, mount poteng, orchids, species diversity

scholarly journals Baseline Assessments of Wildlife Biodiversity Within Selected Areas of Central Visayas, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
RP Jose ◽  
WA Aureo ◽  
CI Narido ◽  
TD Reyes Jr ◽  
MB Sarnowski
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Biodiversity Inventories ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Areas Of Protection

A comprehensive inventory of faunal biodiversity was conducted within three Key Biodiversity Areas of Central Visayas. Mt. Bandilaan Natural Park (MBNP), Balinsasayao Twin Lakes Natural Park (BTLNP), and Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape (RSPL). Three primary wildlife groups were surveyed: bats, birds and amphibians. Species diversity and population trends were then analyzed to assess areas of biodiversity importance. RSPL generally had the highest species richness and diversity index while MBNP consistently had the lowest. When pooled. The surveyed areas resulted in a high diversity index and rate of endemicity showing the importance of multiple areas of protection. These findings can be utilized to prioritize habitat protection as well as to serve as a baseline information for future biodiversity inventories. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2020, 6(2): 27-34

IMPACT OF WEEDS ON DIVERSITY OF SOIL ARTHROPODS IN Bt COTTON FIELD IN FAISALABAD PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-129
Author(s):  
Iqra Munir ◽  
Abdul Ghaffar ◽  
Asad Aalam ◽  
Muhammad Khuram Shahzad ◽  
Muhammad Jafir
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Cotton Field ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Soil Arthropods ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Diversity

The present study was conducted to check the impact of weeds on diversity of soil arthropods in Bt cotton field by using RCBD design with four treatments and three replications at Research Area of Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Treatments were consisted of different combination of weeds and control group Total 228 samples were collected and from these samples 14 different taxons of soil arthropods were reported and from these taxons, mites showed high diversity index. Maximum diversity of soil arthropods was recorded (H´=2.07) from itsit + sawanki and minimum diversity of soil arthropods was recorded (H´=1.90) from itsit + chulai. Maximum mean richness of soil arthropods ( S=3.18±0.24) was reported from Itsit+chulai, while minimum mean richness of soil arthropods (S=3±0.23) was reported from Control group. Maximum mean abundance of soil arthropods (14.7±4.11) was reported from Itsit+sawanki while minimum mean abundance of soil arthropods (11.5±2.26) was reported from control group.

scholarly journals Multi-Mode Two-Step Floating Catchment Area (2SFCA) Method to Measure the Potential Spatial Accessibility of Healthcare Services

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Ni ◽  
Ming Liang ◽  
Yan Lin ◽  
Yanlan Wu ◽  
Chen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Transportation Modes ◽  
Multi Mode

While great progress in the development of a methodological approach to measure the accessibility of healthcare services has been made, the exclusion of the complex multi-mode travel behavior of urban residents and a rough calculation of travel costs from the origin to the destination limit its potential for making a detailed assessment, especially in urban areas. In this paper, we aim to describe and implement an enhanced method that enables the integration of multiple transportation modes into a two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method to estimate accessibility. We used a travel-mode choice survey, based on distance sections, to determine the complex multi-mode travel behavior of urban residents. Taking Nanjing as a study area, we proposed complete door-to-door approaches to determine every aspect of basic transportation modes. Additionally, we processed open data to implement an accurate computing of the origin-destination (OD) time cost. We applied the enhanced method to estimate the accessibility of residents to hospitals and compared it with three single-mode 2SFCA methods. The results showed that the proposed method effectively identified more accessibility details and provided more realistic accessibility values.

Economic Value of Desert Plants: Acacia Trees in the Wadi Allaqi Biosphere Reserve

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Springuel ◽  
Abdel Moneim Mekki
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Desert Plant ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Southeastern Desert ◽  
Desert Areas ◽  
Nomadic People

Acacia trees form a principal element of desert plant communities in Egypt's Southeastern Desert. They are widespread in remote desert areas but sparse near settlements and urban areas as a result of human impact. However, sustainable use of Acacia trees remains an important component in the livelihood of nomadic people living in remote desert areas.The present paper discusses the economic and ecological value of Acacia trees in the Wadi Allaqi basin. The total population of Acacia trees in this area is estimated at approximately 13,000 trees. What will be the fate of this population, from which the annual production of charcoal amounts to 10–15 tons? The present work attempts to answer this question by analysing the economic system of the local nomadic population and the ecological characteristics of Acacia trees, coming to reasonably optimistic conclusions.

The Cultural Importance of Edible Insects in Oaxaca, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 552-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayla J Hurd ◽  
Shruti Shertukde ◽  
Trevor Toia ◽  
Angelina Trujillo ◽  
Ramona L Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
High Feed

Abstract Insects have great potential to serve as a sustainable food source owing to their notable nutritional value, high feed conversion rate, and low environmental footprint. The sharing of well-established recipes in cultures where insect consumption is normalized can facilitate new product development among cultures where consumption is resisted. In the current investigation, we traveled to both rural and urban areas of Oaxaca, Mexico and studied the collection, processing, retailing, and eating practices of edible insects such as chapulines [Sphenarium purpurascens Charpentier (Pyrgomorphidae, Orthoptera) and Melanoplus mexicanus (Saussure) (Acrididae, Orthoptera)], chicatanas [Atta mexicana (F. Smith) (Formicidae, Hymenoptera)], maguey worms [Comadia redtenbacheri (Hammerschmidt) (Cossidae, Lepidoptera)], and cochineal [Dactylopius coccus Costa (Dactylopiidae, Hemiptera)]. In rural communities where access to other animal-based foods has been limited, insects provided important nutritional value that today also translates into important economic value. Community members know the habits of the insects and are skilled at collecting them using sophisticated techniques. After collection, the insects are often toasted with or without seasonings for flavor and preservation. The processed insects are readily available in urban markets, and their importance in Oaxacan cuisine cannot be overestimated. Chapulines, chicatanas, and maguey worms are key ingredients in many spice mixes, salsas, and mole sauces. Cochineal is used as a food colorant. These insects are also found in a variety of foods, both sweet and savory, including omelets, tamales, quesadillas, chocolate truffles, and sorbets. As evidenced by the culinary uses of insects in Oaxaca, there is substantial potential for edible insects to become a delicacy in Western cultures.

scholarly journals Leaf trichomes of Portuguese Lavandula species: a comparative morphological study

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (S3) ◽  
pp. 37-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Zuzarte ◽  
A. M. Dinis ◽  
J. Canhoto ◽  
L. Salgueiro
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Study ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Leaf Trichome ◽  
Trichome Morphology ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractLavandula species are aromatic plants that produce and accumulate essential oils in different types of glandular trichomes. The oils protect the aerial parts of the plant against herbivores and pathogens, and are of great economic value for fragrance, pharmaceutical, food and flavour industries. In Portugal there are five spontaneous species of Lavandula which are included in three different sections: Section Lavandula (L. latifolia), Section Pterostoechas (L. multifida) and Section Stoechas (L. luisieri, L. pedunculata, L. viridis). Our preliminary observations showed that these species have a high diversity of trichomes. This, associated with the fact that trichome morphology is often referred as an useful characteristic for systematic purposes, led us to investigate leaf trichome morphology in the five Portuguese species, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

scholarly journals Bird Survey of the Abobo-Etetak Hill (Yaounde, Cameroon) and a Glance on the Avifaunistic Diversity of this Hill (Abobo-Etetak)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Billy Nguembock ◽  
Mahamat Sali ◽  
Kemtchouan William ◽  
Azang Esther Diane Olivia ◽  
Guehoada Yollande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Bird Survey ◽  
Centre Region ◽  
High Diversity

Introduction: We conducted a preliminary bird survey in the Abobo-Etetak hill (Yaounde, Cameroon). Methods: To carry out this survey, we used the mist-netting method and we captured birds over a period of six months. To study the distribution of this avifauna in their life environment, we performed several analyses to obtain various diversity indexes such as implemented in softwares SAS/STAT and PAST. Results: Three hundred and eleven individuals were captured belonging to 21 passerine and non-passerine families distributed into 39 genera and 51 species. We recorded new species for the area: Anthus brachyurus, Cinnyris reichenowi, Euplectes gierowii, Hirundo fuligula, Nicator vireo, Pogoniulus atroflavus and Pogoniulus subsulphureus, and Terpsiphone rufocinerea. Species documented were from the families Lybiidae, Motacillidae, Nectariniidae, Hirundinidae, Nicatoridae, Ploceidae and Monarchidae. Species from two new genera were recorded, Cinnyris (Sunbirds) and Terpsiphone (Monarchs). Estimated diversity index values show that the Abobo-Etetak hill exhibits high avifaunistic diversity. Conclusion: Our results found an absence of the supremacy of one species (H’=3.34) and the value of the Equitability index (J’=0.85) suggests an equal distribution of the individuals across species. With the obtained value of the index of Simpson diversity of 0.95, our result suggests high diversity within the Abobo-Etetak avifauna, which could be explained by luxuriant vegetation that is present all year round. Human activities have had an impact on the diversity of this avifauna with the presence of some genera sampled (Ploceus, Passer, Estrilda, Pycnonotus and Spermophaga) but the relic Centre Region of Cameroon which preserves its originality offers on the whole favourable conditions to birds.

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