scholarly journals Etude De La Contribution Des Forages Dans L’amélioration De L’accès À L’eau Potable Dans Le Quartier De N’Tabacoro Cité Extension À Bamako

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (40) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Hamidou Diawara ◽  
Sarata Ahimir ◽  
Tadjouko Berthé ◽  
Allaye Guindo

N’Tabacoro cité extension est une zone résidentielle à la périphérie du District de Bamako où il n’y a pas de réseau d’AEP. La plupart des ménages, pour s’approvisionner en eau, font recours aux forages d’eau privés, souvent dans des conditions physiques et économiques très difficiles. Pour comprendre les conditions d’accès à l’eau de la population, cette étude s’est proposée d’analyser l’apport des forages dans l’amélioration de l’accès à l’eau potable dans le quartier de N’Tabacoro cité extension. La méthodologie s’est basée sur l’approche terrain qui nous a permis de collecter des données auprès d’un échantillon de 15 gérants et/ou propriétaires de forages et de 30 ménages (clients). Des informations géographiques : images satellitaires raster, ficher de forme vectoriel et coordonnées des forages, ont aussi été collectées. L’analyse de ces données nous a permis d’évaluer des indicateurs socio-économiques et géographiques d’accessibilité à l’eau potable dans la zone d’étude. L’étude a révélé que les forages constituent la seule source pérenne d’approvisionnement en eau dans la zone, et la plus appréciée par la population comme eau de boisson, de cuisine et de vaisselle du fait de sa qualité meilleure.L’achat d’eau de forage représente 84,3% des dépenses globales des ménages dans l’eau. Ces derniers, avec une dépense moyenne journalière dans l’eau de 273 FCFA/ménage au profit des propriétaires de forage, payent 7 à 13 fois plus cher que le tarif social de la SOMAGEP appliqué pour les clients raccordés au réseau d’AEP. Régulièrement, 55% des ménages parcourent entre 200 m et 600 m, à pieds pour certains, pour accéder aux forages à cause de leur faible densité. Aussi, 33,3% des ménages n’appliquent pas les bonnes pratiques de stockage de l’eau de consommation dans les foyers. D‘énormes efforts des pouvoirs publics sont necessaires pour arriver à un accès équtable à l’eau dans ce quartier. N’Tabacoro Cité Extension is a residential area on the outskirts of Bamako District where there is no DWS system. Most households rely on private boreholes for their water supply, which is often under very difficult physical and economic conditions. To understand the condition of access to water for the population, this paper focuses on analyzing the contribution of boreholes in improving access to drinking water in the district of N'Tabacoro Cité Extension. The methodology was based on the field approach which was used to collect data from a sample of 15 managers and / or owners of boreholes and 30 households (clients). Geographical information such as raster satellite images, vector form files, and borehole coordinates were also collected. The analysis of these data made it possible to assess socio-economic and geographic indicators of accessibility to drinking water in the study area. The study revealed that boreholes are the only sustainable source of water supply in the area. It is the most appreciated by the population because it is used fordrinking, cooking, and dishwashing due to its better quality. The purchase of borehole water represents 84.3% of overall household spending on water. The latter, with an average daily expenditure in water of CFAF 273 / household for the benefit of borehole owners, pay 7 to 13 times more than the SOMAGEP social tariff applied for customers connected to the DWS network. Regularly, 55% of households travel between 200m and 600m, some on foot, to access the boreholes because of their low density. Also, 33.3% of households do not apply good drinking water storage practices in households. Huge government efforts are needed to achieve equitable access to water in this area.

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-531
Author(s):  
Emma Ligtermoet ◽  
Jane M. Chambers ◽  
Halina T. Kobryn ◽  
Jenny Davis

Land cover within eight drinking water catchments in Sarawak was classified into six categories using satellite imagery and GIS. The categories represented varying levels of vegetation modification from largely undisturbed or mature secondary vegetation (Category 1) through to bare, non-vegetated areas (Category 6). Rivers less than ∼10 m in width were usually ‘invisible’ on satellite images because of dense canopy cover. More than 70% of headwaters in all catchments, except one (Buri Bakong), were not visible, indicating the presence of dense riparian vegetation. For the river sections that were visible on satellite images, 5%–22% of the riparian buffer was highly degraded (completely lacking vegetation). The highest degree of riparian modification occurred in the lowlands, the midland catchment of Tingkas and the highland catchment of Trusan. Although Sarawak government policy requires buffer widths of 5–50 m of natural vegetation to be retained along all streams and rivers in drinking water supply catchments these guidelines were not met at nine of the eleven field sites surveyed. These results suggest that compliance with buffer guidelines is important to water quality in rivers, particularly in logging areas, oil palm plantations and near settlements.


Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 928
Author(s):  
Halima Jounaid ◽  
Taha Attou ◽  
Toufik Remmal ◽  
Aimad Bouaziz

Taourit-Oujda corridor (T.O.C.) is a geological entity of north-eastern Morocco with a total area of 4000 Km2. The drinking water supply in this arid region still faces challenges that meet a growing demand for a shortage of fresh water. This shortage is mainly due to the scarcity and irregularity of the precipitations, the overexploitation of the water resources, and the decrease of the capacity of storage dams that are the main source of drinking water supply in this area. This work aims at estimating deficit (to 2040) for drinking water provided by Machraa Hammadi dam and proposing favourable drilling sites to strengthen drinking water supply through the identification of groundwater resources that can be used in quantity and quality. To do this, a multi-criteria analysis (MCA) covering geological, hydrogeological and hydro-chemical aspects using the Geographical Information System (GIS) was carried out. This study shows that T.O.C. aquifer is more productive in the south-west of it, in the centre near the El Aioun municipality and in the north-east at the town of Sidi Bouhouria. According to Moroccan standards, defining the quality norms of surface waters, waters destined for irrigation, and of surface waters used for the production of drinking water, the groundwater in the center and north-east areas is also with good to medium overall quality groundwater.


2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Howard ◽  
Jamie Bartram

Water supply surveillance generates data on the safety and adequacy of drinking water supply in order to contribute to the protection of human health. Most current models of water supply surveillance for urban areas come from developed countries and have significant shortcomings if directly applied elsewhere. There are differences not only in socio-economic conditions but also in the nature of water supply services, which often comprise a complex mixture of formal and informal services for both the ‘served’ and ‘unserved’. The development of approaches to water supply surveillance that allow targeting of activities on priority groups is assessed based on case studies from Peru and Uganda. The development of a zoning approach that incorporates indices for vulnerability is shown to be a useful tool to assist surveillance in targeting data collection. Zoning also assists in targeting subsequent interventions into communities and strategies where public health gains are likely to be greatest. Two approaches to urban zoning are presented from Peru and Uganda, both of which are effective.


Author(s):  
Yilkal T. Gualie ◽  
Habtamu D. Enyew

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Water is an essential for lives and development. Ethiopia is endowed with enormous water resources potential but access to water is limited. An uneven spatial distribution of water sources and drinking water demand is big challenge. Therefore objectives of this study were to estimate access for water supply among household of Farta district, Ethiopia.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A community based cross-sectional study design was employed in 758 households of Farta district. Interview and observational check lists were used to collect data. Systematic sampling technique was used to select households. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 software.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The community has access to improved water supply which was estimated to be 57.1%. The rest 42.9% of the households used unimproved water sources from other unprotected sources like unprotected dug well and river. Nearly the third quartile (74.5%) of the households had access to water within a distance of 1.5 km or less from dwelling. Majority (86%) of households had no access to water within a time of 30 minutes or less. Nearly 92.3% of the households used less than 20 liters per capita per day.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There was a significant gap in accessing water supply for the community within 1.5 km in the district. Nearly half of households used protected well water sources. The per capita water consumption of the households were extremely low. Hence local administrator should expand protected well in all members. The community participation should be encouraged to prepare and maintain the water sources.</p>


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper Katomero ◽  
Yola Georgiadou

Informality is pervasive in Tanzania’s rural waterscape, but not acknowledged by development partners (donors and beneficiaries), despite persistent warnings by development scholars. Informality is thus the proverbial elephant in the room. In this paper, we examine a case of superior rural water access in two geographical locales—Hai and Siha districts—in Tanzania, where actors not only acknowledge, but actively harness informality to provide access to water to rural populations. We employ concepts from organization and institutional theory to show that when informal programs and related informal sanctions/rewards complement their formal counterparts, chances for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) target 6.1 ‘By 2030, achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all’ are significantly increased.


2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Surindar Wawale

Abstract There is growing interest in the research community to apply the various techniques pertaining to geospatial technology, with the advance part of Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS). This technology has been proven to be very essential in this identification and resolving the problem of water resource and allied water supply management. Considering the capabilities of geospatial techniques, the tools and techniques of similar disciplines used for gravity-based drinking water supply management in the hilly area where the human habitat is settled at foothill places. An attempt has been made in this paper to avail the use of tools and techniques of geospatial techniques for gravity-based water supply management at the village level. The Karule village is the part of central Maharashtra in India chosen for implementation of present bid. It was observed that, three-dimensional remote sensing data derived from space-borne satellite could be useful for gravity-based drinking water supply management with the help of other spatial and non-spatial database. Satellite-derived data and its incorporation with GIS and ground inventory data would be advantageous for delineation of such gravity-based water supply management in the similar area of the world.


Author(s):  
S. Ahi ◽  
A. Eymen

Abstract. Development movements bring along population movements. Investments in Istanbul make the city of Istanbul even more attractive. With the increasing population, the need for water is increasing day by day. Construction of the 3rd Istanbul Airport within the borders of Terkos Basin, which is one of the important drinking water resources of Istanbul, has caused land use changes in the basin. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing techniques have been used to examine this change. The data obtained through Remote Sensing can be easily analyzed in GIS environment.In this study, Landsat 8 satellite images of the years 2013, 2015 and 2020 were preferred in the examination of the temporal change of land use of the Terkos Basin. The satellite images obtained were classified using the controlled classification technique in the Envi program. Satellite images classified for the creation and analysis of land use maps have been transferred to the ArcGIS program. The changes in the classes determined according to the obtained results were examined, and the changes in question were revealed by spatial analysis. Suggestions have been made for the protection of the Terkos drinking water basin and ecosystem, which is extremely important for Istanbul.


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