scholarly journals Validitas Media Berbasis Android pada Materi Struktur dan Fungsi Asam Amino dan Protein

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-123
Author(s):  
Topan Setiawan ◽  
Fitriana Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Instrument Validation ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Reliability Test ◽  
Android Application ◽  
Validation Test ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Function

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced major changes in the world of education. The application of social distancing to learning from home makes educators must be more creative in learning. The use of appropriate media in learning is very important to overcome these problems. One of the media used is android-based learning media. This research is continuation research of android application design in the subject of structure and function of amino acids and proteins. This research is limited to media validation. The instrument validation test stated that the instrument was valid with rcount greater than rtable at the number of N = 34 and a significance value of 5%. The reliability test of the validation instrument shows the rcount value of 0.880 and is greater than rtable 0.339 at the number of N = 34 and a significance value of 5%. The score of the questionnaire instrument was 3,196 obtained by averaging the scores from each category. It is in the range of 2.9-3.4 with a high category so that it can be interpreted that the application can be used as a learning media of the structure and function of the molecule.

scholarly journals Monopoly Learning Media: Education Media in Structure and Function of Plant Tissue Theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Fitri Andriyani ◽  
Rahma Rosaliana Saraswati ◽  
Dina Melasari ◽  
Agustiani Putri ◽  
Dadan Sumardani
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Student Interest ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Validation Test ◽  
The Media ◽  
Addie Model ◽  
And Function ◽  
Expert Validation

Material structure and function of plant tissue is one of the most difficult material for students to understand. This is because studying this material in detail requires aids (microscopes) whose observations are not necessarily easily understood by students. In addition, so far the learning media and methods used are less varied. Based on the above statement, we need a learning media that can increase student interest and student understanding in learning the structure and function of plant tissue. So this study aims to develop a monopolistic educational learning media on the structure and function of plant tissue in class VIII of SMPN. This development research refers to the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implement, Evaluation). The monopoly game structure and plant network developed consists of several game equipment including: a monopoly board, a set of ownership rights cards, a set of public and opportunity fund cards, a set of money - dice, and a game guide. As for the pawns in this game are the students themselves. Based on the material expert validation test, it was found that the percentage of material suitability in the monopoly of the structure and function of plant tissue was 70.83% or quite decent. Meanwhile, for the media expert validation test the percentage of eligibility was 63.33% or quite decent. Based on the validation test obtained an average of 67.08% or if interpreted then the monopoly of the plant's structure and tissue is quite feasible.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN KOMIK IPA BERBASIS KARAKTER PEDULI LINGKUNGAN PADA MATERI STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI BAGIAN TUMBUHAN (Uji Coba Siswa Kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Kleco)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Arum Syafrilia Trisnaningsih ◽  
Ika Maryani
Keyword(s):  
Student Assessment ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Assessment Of Learning ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Function ◽  
Effective Use

This study aims to: 1) know the development steps of IPA based on environmental character concerns on the structure and function of the pupil part IV grade elementary school, 2) to know the feasibility of science-based character-based IPA character on the material structure and function of plant part IV fourth grade. This research is a research development (Research and Development) using a model used by Robert Maribe Brance is the development of ADDIE. The subject of this research is the fourth grader of SD Muhammadiyah Kleco Kotagede Yogyakarta. Data collection techniques on product trials using teacher and student assessment questionnaires.The results showed that the assessment of media experts get the value of 83.3 with the category of "very decent". Expert assessment of the material score of 87.5 with the category "very feasible". Assessment of learning experts get the value of 95.8 with the category "very feasible". The conclusion from the researchers that the media has been feasible and effective use as a medium of learning for teachers and students of grade IV primary school.

Gill microbiome structure and function in the chemosymbiotic coastal lucinid Stewartia floridana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shen Jean Lim ◽  
Brenton Davis ◽  
Danielle Gill ◽  
John Swetenburg ◽  
Laurie C Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Seagrass Species ◽  
Bare Sand ◽  
And Function

Abstract Lucinid bivalves harbor environmentally acquired, chemosynthetic, gammaproteobacterial gill endosymbionts. Lucinid gill microbiomes, which may contain other gammaproteobacterial and/or spirochete taxa, remain under-sampled. To understand inter-host variability of the lucinid gill microbiome, specifically in the bacterial communities, we analyzed the microbiome content of Stewartia floridana collected from Florida. Sampled gills contained a monospecific gammaproteobacterial endosymbiont expressing lithoautotrophic, mixotrophic, diazotrophic, and C1 compound oxidation-related functions previously characterized in similar lucinid species. Another low-abundance Spirochaeta-like species in ∼72% of the sampled gills was most closely related to Spirochaeta-like species in another lucinid Phacoides pectinatus and formed a clade with known marine Spirochaeta symbionts. The spirochete expressed genes were involved in heterotrophy and the transport of sugars, amino acids, peptides, and other substrates. Few muscular and neurofilament genes from the host and none from the gammaproteobacterial and spirochete symbionts were differentially expressed among quadrats predominantly covered with seagrass species or 80% bare sand. Our results suggest that spirochetes are facultatively associated with S. floridana, with potential scavenging and nutrient cycling roles. Expressed stress- and defense-related functions in the host and symbionts also suggest species-species communications, which highlight the need for further study of the interactions among lucinid hosts, their microbiomes, and their environment.

scholarly journals Multiplatform Physiologic and Metabolic Phenotyping Reveals Microbial Toxicity

mSystems ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwei Cai ◽  
Robert G. Nichols ◽  
Imhoi Koo ◽  
Zachary A. Kalikow ◽  
Limin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Metabolic Phenotyping ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACTThe gut microbiota is susceptible to modulation by environmental stimuli and therefore can serve as a biological sensor. Recent evidence suggests that xenobiotics can disrupt the interaction between the microbiota and host. Here, we describe an approach that combinesin vitromicrobial incubation (isolated cecal contents from mice), flow cytometry, and mass spectrometry- and1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics to evaluate xenobiotic-induced microbial toxicity. Tempol, a stabilized free radical scavenger known to remodel the microbial community structure and functionin vivo, was studied to assess its direct effect on the gut microbiota. The microbiota was isolated from mouse cecum and was exposed to tempol for 4 h under strict anaerobic conditions. The flow cytometry data suggested that short-term tempol exposure to the microbiota is associated with disrupted membrane physiology as well as compromised metabolic activity. Mass spectrometry and NMR metabolomics revealed that tempol exposure significantly disrupted microbial metabolic activity, specifically indicated by changes in short-chain fatty acids, branched-chain amino acids, amino acids, nucleotides, glucose, and oligosaccharides. In addition, a mouse study with tempol (5 days gavage) showed similar microbial physiologic and metabolic changes, indicating that thein vitroapproach reflectedin vivoconditions. Our results, through evaluation of microbial viability, physiology, and metabolism and a comparison ofin vitroandin vivoexposures with tempol, suggest that physiologic and metabolic phenotyping can provide unique insight into gut microbiota toxicity.IMPORTANCEThe gut microbiota is modulated physiologically, compositionally, and metabolically by xenobiotics, potentially causing metabolic consequences to the host. We recently reported that tempol, a stabilized free radical nitroxide, can exert beneficial effects on the host through modulation of the microbiome community structure and function. Here, we investigated a multiplatform phenotyping approach that combines high-throughput global metabolomics with flow cytometry to evaluate the direct effect of tempol on the microbiota. This approach may be useful in deciphering how other xenobiotics directly influence the microbiota.

scholarly journals Amino acid sequence of the encephalitogenic basic protein from human myelin

1971 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Carnegie
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
And Function ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Myelin from the central nervous system contains an unusual basic protein, which can induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. The basic protein from human brain was digested with trypsin and other enzymes and the sequence of the 170 amino acids was determined. The localization of the encephalitogenic determinants was described. Possible roles for the protein in the structure and function of myelin are discussed.

XV.—The Digestive Diverticula in the Lamellibranchs

1926 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 703-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Yonge
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Superficial Resemblance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Function

Because of the superficial resemblance of the digestive diverticula of the Lamellibranchs, and of many other Invertebrates, to the liver of the Vertebrates, and the discovery in them of glycogen by Bernard (1855), they became known as the “liver.” Weber (1880) later introduced the name hepatopancreas as a result of his discovery of the secretory powers of the diverticula in the Crustacea. In spite of the fact that none of the constituents of bile has ever been discovered in the Invertebrates, and that the digestive diverticula are in no way analogous to the liver of the Vertebrates, as Jordan (1912) has shown in his review of the subject, the terms “liver” and “hepatopancreas,” as well as the less questionable designation “digestive gland,” are still generally used. Moreover, no attempt is made to distinguish between these organs in the different groups of Invertebrates although both their structure and function in, for example, the Lamellibranchs, Gastropods, Cephalopods, and Crustacea are totally different. In some cases they constitute a digestive gland; in others, including the Lamellibranchs, as I hope to show in this paper, their function is that of assimilation, and so they are most suitably designated digestive diverticula.

3. Proteins

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-51
Author(s):  
Mark Lorch
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Folding ◽  
Protein Structure ◽  
Protein Structures ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Vast Array ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cellular Machinery ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter examines proteins, the dominant proportion of cellular machinery, and the relationship between protein structure and function. The multitude of biological processes needed to keep cells functioning are managed in the organism or cell by a massive cohort of proteins, together known as the proteome. The twenty amino acids that make up the bulk of proteins produce the vast array of protein structures. However, amino acids alone do not provide quite enough chemical variety to complete all of the biochemical activity of a cell, so the chapter also explores post-translation modifications. It finishes by looking as some dynamic aspects of proteins, including enzyme kinetics and the protein folding problem.

Internalism and externalism in epistemology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
William P. Alston
Keyword(s):  
External World ◽  
Great Distance ◽  
Reliability Test ◽  
Epistemic Status ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Evil Demon ◽  
Positive View ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

The internalism–externalism distinction is usually applied to the epistemic justification of belief. The most common form of internalism (accessibility internalism) holds that only what the subject can easily become aware of (by reflection, for example) can have a bearing on justification. We may think of externalism as simply the denial of this constraint. The strong intuitive appeal of internalism is due to the sense that we should be able to determine whether we are justified in believing something just by carefully considering the question, without the need for any further investigation. Then there is the idea that we can successfully reply to sceptical doubts about the possibility of knowledge or justified beliefs only if we can determine the epistemic status of our beliefs without presupposing anything about which sceptical doubts could be raised – the external world for example. The main objections to internalism are: (1) It assumes an unrealistic confidence in the efficacy of armchair reflection, which is often not up to surveying our entire repertoire of beliefs and other possible grounds of belief and determining the extent to which they support a given belief. (2) If we confine ourselves to what we can ascertain on reflection, there is no guarantee that the beliefs that are thus approved as justified are likely to be true. And the truth-promoting character of justification is the main source of its value. Externalism lifts this accessibility constraint, but in its most general sense it embodies no particular positive view. The most common way of further specifying externalism is reliabilism, the view that a belief is justified if and only if it was produced and/or sustained by a reliable process, one that would produce mostly true beliefs in the long run. This is a form of externalism because whether a particular belief-forming process is reliable is not something we can ascertain just on reflection. The main objections to externalism draw on internalist intuitions: (1) If the world were governed by an evil demon who sees to it that our beliefs are generally false, even though we have the kind of bases for them we do in fact have, then our beliefs would still be justified, even though formed unreliably. (2) If a reliable clairvoyant (ones who ‘sees’ things at a great distance) forms beliefs on this basis without having any reason for thinking that they are reliably formed, those beliefs would not be justified, even though they pass the reliability test.

Frank William Ernest Gibson 1923 - 2008

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Pittard ◽  
G. B. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Innovative Model ◽  
Distinguished Research ◽  
And Function

Frank Gibson died in Canberra on 11 July 2008. Frank was a highly distinguished research scientist who will be remembered for his pioneering studies in identifying the branch-point compound in the pathway of biosynthesis of a large number of important aromatic compounds followed by a detailed biochemical and genetic analysis of many of the pathways leading to the aromatic amino acids and the so-called aromatic vitamins. Studies on ubiquinone synthesis and function led to an examination of oxidative phosphorylation and the structure and function of the F1F0-ATPase in the bacterium Escherichia coli. This work resulted in the formulation of a highly innovative model, involving rotating subunits of the F0 segment within the membrane and offering an explanation for the mechanism linking proton flow and ATP synthesis.

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