scholarly journals An Experimental Study to Evaluate the Impact of the Programming Paradigm in the Testing Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone de Rocio Senger de Souza ◽  
Marllos Paiva Prado ◽  
Ellen Francine Barbosa ◽  
José Carlos Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Programming Paradigm ◽  
Time Restrictions ◽  
Activity Cost ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Programming Paradigms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Initial Results ◽  
Testing Criteria

Several techniques and criteria are available to help conducting testing activity. The choice for one of them depends on different aspects, such as the time restrictions, ef- fectiveness of the testing criteria or the features of the program under test. In this context, the programming paradigm might influence in the testing activity cost. This paper presents the results of an experimental study to characterize and evaluate the cost and strength of structural and functional testing criteria, comparing object-oriented and procedural programming paradigms. A set of 32 programs from the data structure do- main was considered in this study. The main goals in the execution of this research were: i) to obtain initial results about the investigated questions; ii) to generate artifacts which can be used as basis to define and conduct further experimental studies; iii) to support training and teaching of software testing activity.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of the Chaotic Jerk Circuit Application for Chaos Shift Keying

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
F. Capligins ◽  
A. Litvinenko ◽  
A. Aboltins ◽  
E. Austrums ◽  
A. Rusins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chaotic Synchronization ◽  
Channel Noise ◽  
Error Feedback ◽  
Shift Keying ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Chaos Shift Keying ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper presents a study of the chaotic jerk circuit (CJC) employment capabilities for digital communications. The concept of coherent chaos shift keying (CSK) communication system with controlled error feedback chaotic synchronization is proposed for a specific CJC in two modifications. The stability of chaotic synchronization between the two CJCs was evaluated in terms of voltage drop at the input of the slave circuit and the impact of channel noise using simulations and experimental studies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the potential of commercial use of microalgae in the world and in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesia Pavliukh ◽  
Sergii Shamanskyi ◽  
Sergii Boichenko ◽  
Artur Jaworski
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate of the microalgae potential for commercial application, in particular to conduct experimental study of biogenic compounds removal from sewage waters by microalgae, and to calculate economical benefits from biofertizers and biofuel production. Design/methodology/approach Experimental study in the concentration change of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in the cultivation of Chlorella Vulgaris microalgae in various types of sewage water was carried out. Findings The efficiency wastewater treatment by microalgae was confirmed. The economic benefit from the biomass utilization as biofuel production was calculated. Practical implications Implementation of wastewater treatment technology with biomass recycling for biofuel and biofertilizers production will minimize the impact on the environment. Originality/value As a results of experimental studies, the ability of microalgae to reduce biogenic elements in wastewater was confirmed. Microalgae can be used both for wastewater treatment to biogenic elements removal, such as phosphorous and nitrogen compounds, and biofuel, biofertilizers production. Prospects of the commercial use of microalgae are obvious. They are specially adapted to an environment dominated by viscous forces.

Numerical and Experimental Study of a Crash Absorption Keel

2007 ◽  
Vol 348-349 ◽  
pp. 953-956
Author(s):  
Chiara Colombo ◽  
Laura Vergani ◽  
Nino Ascone Modica
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
State Of Stress ◽  
Design Analyses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sailing Boat ◽  
System Geometry ◽  
Made In

Aim of this paper is to study the impact between the sailing boat keel and the ground and to look for the optimal configuration of the bulb-keel-hull system able to direct the damage in the bulb-keel zone avoiding the hull region. The research, which is carried out in collaboration with Wally shipyard, requires firstly an accurate investigation of the bulb-keel-hull system geometry, of the boat inertial properties and of the impact condition. Secondly, a numerical dynamic analysis by means of the finite element method allows to model the impact and to determine how, during the collision, the state of stress varies and how the kinetic energy is absorbed/dissipated. Starting from these results, the performance of the present configuration is evaluated in several conditions and some proposals for new design configuration are made. In particular the results carried out from the new design analyses were evaluated comparing themselves to results obtained from experimental studies.

Experimental Study of the Effectiveness of the Vibromechanical Stabilization of Bearing Rings

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 1327-1331
Author(s):  
Albert Viktorovich Korolev ◽  
A.F. Balaev ◽  
A.A. Korolev
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Thermal Tempering ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Bearing Rings

The paper provides the comparison of vibromechanical technology for stabilization of bearing rings and thermal tempering on the following parameters: performance, energy consumption, and magnitude of residual stresses after treatment. To assess the effectiveness of residual stress relaxation through the usage of vibromechanical energy, there were conducted experimental studies on a specially designed and manufactured prototype of the equipment. The results of experimental studies show that the energy consumption during vibromechanical stabilization is ten times less, and performance is several times higher than during the thermal tempering. Moreover, vibromechanical stabilization allows more effective residual stresses relaxation. The costs for capital investment can be reduced, as the cost of equipment for vibromechanical stabilization is ten times less than the cost of electric furnaces.

Recommendations for Recycling, Processing and Reuse of Concrete

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rouba El Dalati ◽  
Pierre Matar ◽  
Emile Youssef ◽  
Sylvie Yotte ◽  
Farah Homsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Recycle Concrete ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Concrete Materials ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Some countries started to recycle concrete materials for reuse in structural or other issues. Some of them, like Germany, Australia and Canada have established their own recommendation guide for recycling concrete [1,2]. The recycling consists of crushing old concrete into aggregates, and then processing it into new mixture using recycled aggregates with specified sizes [3,4]. The aim of this recycling is to save nature from deforestation and dryness, by reducing the need to gravel and so the quarries work, and also to economize the waste management [5,6]. The present research work consists of an experimental study assessing the impact of using recycled aggregates on the concrete behavior and on the country’s economy. We are especially interested in determining the best composition for the new mixture of concrete resulting from reusing different types of recycled aggregates. Different types of tests have been done depending on the aggregates sizes, their origin and their state (burned or safe). The analysis is based on the comparison between compressive strength, water-cement ratio, slump, porosity and durability. Otherwise, the impact on economy is analyzed, a priori, by studying the effect of reducing the cost of the resulting concrete on construction spending. The resulted recommendations indicate the sizes of aggregates which may constitute the best composition for recycling and processing concrete, and the best use for each type of concrete depending on behavior and economy effect.

scholarly journals Гематологічні показники курей різних вікових груп за капіляріозної інвазії

2016 ◽  
pp. 111-113
Author(s):  
І. В. Натягла
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Представлені результати експериментальних досліджень щодо визначення впливу гельмінтів роду Capillaria на гематологічні показники хворих курей різного віку (ремонтний молодняк 9–17 тижневого віку і кури продуктивних фаз). Встановлено, що зміни у крові інвазованого капіляріями молодняку курей характеризувалися достовірним (р<0,01) зниженням кількості еритроцитів, вмісту гемоглобіна та збільшенням кількості лейкоцитів за рахунок еозинофілів і призводило до більш тяжкого перебігу хвороби, ніж у дорослої птиці. У курей продуктивних фаз за капіляріозної інвазії встановлювали незначний (р<0,05) лейкоцитоз та еозинофілію. The results of experimental studies to determine the impact of helminths of genus Capillaria on hematological parameters of sick chickens of different ages (replacement young chickens of 9–17 week old and hens of productive phases) were presented. It is established that the changes in the blood of young chickens, which infested by capillaries, characterized by a significant (p<0,01) decrease in the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and an increase in the number of leukocytes at the cost eosinophils, which leads to more severe disease than in the adult birds. In hens of productive phases at capillariasic invasion we detected insignificant (p<0,05), leukocytosis and eosinophilia.

scholarly journals An experimental study of composite effect on the behaviour of beam-column joints subjected to impact load

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Hai Tan ◽  
Kang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Composite Effect ◽  
Composite Slab ◽  
Composite Joint ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Middle Column

This paper presents an experimental study on structural behaviour of composite beam-column joints under a middle column removal scenario. Specimens were subjected to impact loads from an MTS drop-weight testing machine. Two joints with welded unreinforced beam flange and bolted web connections were designed per AISC 360-10. One of the beam-column joints had a thicker composite slab. The joints were restrained by pinned supports at two beam ends, which were connected to rigid A-frames to represent boundary conditions from adjacent structures. Test results indicated that the composite slab significantly affected the impact force due to an increase of inertia. However, other structural responses (especially displacement of the middle column) decreased due to increase of stiffness contributed by the thicker composite slab. The finding was that increasing thickness of composite slab can increase the resistance of composite joint significantly due to increased composite effect. More experimental studies were conducted to investigate other types of joints.

Experimental Study of Hemodynamics in the Circle of Willis

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangyu Zhu ◽  
Qi Yuan ◽  
Joon Hock Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Circle Of Willis ◽  
Anterior Communicating Artery ◽  
Ica Stenosis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Collateral Mechanism

The Circle of Willis (CoW) is a ring like structure located at the base of brain, which is composed of a single anterior communicating artery (ACoA), paired anterior cerebral arteries (ACAs), paired internal carotid arteries (ICAs), paired posterior communicating arteries (PCoAs), paired posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs), paired vertebral arteries (VAs) and a single basilar artery (BA). It is the main cerebral blood perfusion pathway and provides an important collateral channel in patients with severe carotid or vertebral artery disease. Over 50% of stroke cases are related to the stenosis of arteries in the CoW, so the detailed information of the cerebral hemodynamics under different pathology situations is important for a variety of clinical applications. Numerous experimental studies have been performed on this field from different perspectives, include the mechanism of stenosis in the CoW [1], risk assessment of cerebral aneurysm [2] and the impact of pathological variations on the flow distribution [3]. However, none of these researches focus on the influence of ICA stenosis rates on cerebral perfusion and the specific collateral mechanism of the Circle of Willis under such situations. In this paper, an experimental study on cerebral blood perfusion and the collateral mechanism under a series of ICA stenosis rates was carried out.

scholarly journals A review of experimental studies on sand screen selection for unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1675-1688
Author(s):  
Nur Aqilah Ahad ◽  
Morteza Jami ◽  
Stephen Tyson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sand Production ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Sandstone Reservoirs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSand production is a problem that affects hydrocarbon production from unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs. Several factors, such as the strength of the reservoir, its lithification and cementation and reduction in pore pressure, may cause sand to be separated from the rock and transported by hydrocarbons to the well. Producing sand commonly causes erosion and corrosion of downhole and surface equipment, leading to production interruptions and sometimes forces operators to shut-in wells. Several different methods of sand control are available to reduce the impact of sand production. The reviewed papers suggest that the most suitable methods for unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs are stand-alone screens and gravel packs. Because of the cost and complexity of gravel packs, stand-alone screens are usually the first choice. These screens have different geometries, and selection of the most suitable screen depends on the particle size distribution of the grains in the formation and other reservoir and production parameters. A screen retention test, run in a laboratory with screen samples and typical sands, is often used to ensure that the screen is suitable for the reservoir. This paper reviews the main causes of sand production, the properties of unconsolidated sandstones that predispose reservoirs to sand production problems and the selection criteria for the most suitable mitigation method. The process of selecting a screen using experimental screen retention tests is reviewed, and the limitations of these tests are also discussed. Some numerical simulations of experimental tests are also reviewed, since this represents a very cost-effective alternative to laboratory experiments.

THE METHOD OF DETERMINING THE PUNCHING ACTION OF THE READY-MADE DAMAGE ELEMENT OF FRAGMENTATION OF HIGH-EXPLOSIVE WARHEAD

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
O. Obukhov ◽  
S. Usenko
Keyword(s):  
High Explosive ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Penetration Ability ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cruise Missiles ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The subject of this article is the development of a method for determining the penetration capacity of ready-made elements of damage to a fragmentation and high-explosive warhead. The analysis of the existing methods of determining the penetration capacity of the damage elements indicates their inconsistency with the modern requirements for determining the power of means of destruction of combat parts of missiles, tactical and cruise missiles and aircraft bombs. Existing techniques that were proposed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries are based on the systematization of empirical research and are outdated and have a limited range of applications. Since they do not take into account the zone of contact interacting between the element of the impact and the obstacle and the critical angle of approach, which will determine the ricochet conditions. The article presents the results of the calculated determination of the penetration capacity of the ready-made damage element, taking into account the contact surface of the interaction of the damage element with the obstacle, which are obtained as a result of the calculation modelling in the Ansys Autodyn software complex. Ways to determine the penetration capacity of ready-made destruction elements of fragmentation and high-explosive warhead, taking into account their true geometric shape and excess kinetic energy are proposed in the article. The proposed technique can be used to create the penetration nomograms of the elements of the lesion. The application of computational modeling of the determination of nonograms of penetration ability will allow to abandon a large number of experimental studies with real undermining of the warhead, thereby reducing the cost and speeding up the process of creating, refining and adopting the newest samples of defeat equipment.

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