Abundance and potency of Non-Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria in Padang Sapu-sapu, Pejem Village, Bangka

Padang sapu-sapu soil is similar with post-tin mining soil in its white sand texture and poor nutrient. One factor causes the disturbed land in Bangka Belitung islands is tin mining activity. One method to rehabilitate marginal soil is by utilizing the potential nonsymbiotic N2-fixing bacteria, which are able to fertilize the soil and is able to provide macro nutrient. This study aims to measure the abundance and potency of non-symbiotic N2-fixing bacteria in padang sapu-sapu, Pejem Village, Bangka. The site selection is determined by purposive sampling method and interviews and the samples were collected randomly. Isolation used selective media Ashby'`s Monitol Agar and Azospirillum media. Morphological characterization was conducted on isolates and a series selective test was carried out, i.e. hipersentivity test, hemolysis test, IAA phytohormone test and nitrogenase test. The study of the abundance population of non-symbiotic N2-fixing bacteria of two different locations showed that the total bacterial population in padang sapusapu is very small compared to its lowland forest. Isolate Azotobacter sp. TH105(a) from the lowland forests is potential as natural fertilizer.

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KEANEKARAGAMAN, DESKRIPSI DAN KUNCI DETERMINASI Artabotrys R. Br. (Annonaceae) PULAU JAWA DAN KEPULAUAN SUNDA KECIL

Jurnal BIOMA ◽

10.21009/bioma11(2).7 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 173

Author(s):

Rina Trihandayani Putri ◽

Rugayah Rugayah ◽

Agung Sedayu

Keyword(s):

Natural Habitat ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Taxonomic Study ◽

Phenetic Analysis ◽

West Java ◽

Lowland Forest ◽

Determination Key ◽

Lowland Forests

ABSTRACT A taxonomic study of the genus Artabotrys R. Br. (Annonaceae) in Java and the Lesser Sunda Islands was conducted based on morphological characters. The objective of this study is to determine the diversity, describe and make determination key of Artabotrys which found in Java and the Lesser Sunda Islands. The method used in this study is descriptive. This study was conducted on May-June 2015 in the collection room wing B 2nd floor, type room, and Laboratory of Biosystematic Herbarium Bogoriense - Bidang Botani Puslit Biologi LIPI, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java. The result showed that there are three species of Artabotrys in Java and Lesser Sunda Islands. Artabotrys species found in Java, namely A. hexapetalus, A. suaveolens and A. sumatranus, while the species of the Lesser Sunda Islands only A. hexapetalus. Phenetic analysis shows that the species of Artabotrys in Java and the Lesser Sunda Islands are divided into two subgroups. Determination key and descriptions also provided to identify the species of Artabotrys in Java and Lesser Sunda Islands. Artabotrys natural habitat is lowland forest but now lowland forests decreased. This can lead to biodiversity (including Artabotrys) to be reduced, so that conservation need to be done (conservation both on Artabotrys and lowland forest). Keywords : Artabotrys, Annonaceae, diversity, determination key, Lesser Sunda Islands

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Eksplorasi Vegetasi Kawasan Hutan Pantai Sebagai Atraksi Edu-Wisata Di Pantai Gatra Dusun Sendang Biru Desa Sitihatjo Kecamatan Sumbermanjing Wetan Kabupaten Malang

BIOSAINTROPIS (BIOSCIENCE-TROPIC) ◽

10.33474/e-jbst.v5i1.210 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 7-17

Author(s):

Sitti Nor Fajariyah ◽

Ratna Djuniwati Lisminingsih ◽

Hasan Zayadi

Keyword(s):

Swot Analysis ◽

Musa Acuminata ◽

Tourist Attraction ◽

Lowland Forest ◽

Tourist Attractions ◽

Lowland Forests ◽

Belt Transect ◽

Samanea Saman ◽

Index Value ◽

Beach Vegetation

Gatra Beach in Malang Regency has the concept of ecotourism, but the reality is this beach for camping that is at risk of damaging vegetation in Gatra beach. The purpose of this study are to find out the structure and composition of the Gatrah beach vegetation, knowing the perception of tourists on the vegetation of Gatra beach and knowing the potential of Gatra beach vegetation as a tourist attraction. The method used is the belt-transect method with four stations. Analyses are used i.e., RFC analysis and the SWOT analysis. Analysis of the results obtained by the two vegetation formations that make up the beach Gatra i.e. formation Barringtonia and the formation of lowland forests. Formation Barringtonia found 10 species with index value important highest are Barringtonia asiatica (65,9) and Samanea saman (57,6) Formation the lowland forest found 11 species with index value important highes Musa acuminate (80,2) and Samanea saman (59,5). Tourist perceptions of species of interest in the Barringtonia formation is Samanea saman (0,29), while species of interest in lowland forest formation is Musa acuminata (0,11). So that the beach of Gatra has the potential as an edu-tourism attraction area. Keywords: analysis of vegetation, RFC, tourist attractions, ecotourism, Barringtonia ABSTRAK Pantai Gatra di kabupaten Malang memiliki konsep ekowisata, namun kenyataan di lapangan pantai Gatra menjadi tempat berkemah yang beresiko merusak vegetasi pantai Gatra. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui struktur dan komposisi vegetasi pantai Gatra, mengetahui persepsi wisatawan terhadap vegetasi pantai Gatra dan mengetahui potensi vegetasi pantai Gatra sebagai atraksi wisata. Metode yang digunakan yakni metode belt-transek dengan empat stasiun. Analisis yang digunakan melalui analisis RFC dan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat dua formasi yang menyusun pantai Gatra yakni formasi Barringtonia dan formasi hutan dataran rendah. Formasi Barringtonia dengan 10 spesies, indeks nilai penting tertinggi yakni Barringtonia asiatica (65,9) dan Samanea saman (57,6). Formasi hutan dataran rendah dengan 11 spesies, indeks nilai penting tertinggi spesies Musa acuminata (80,2) dan Samanea saman (59,5). Persepsi wisatawan terhadap spesiesdiminati pada formasi Barringtonia adalah Samanea saman (0,29), sedangkan pada formasi hutan dataran rendah yakni spesies Musa acuminata (0,11). Sehingga pantai Gatra berpotensi sebagai kawasan atraksi edu-wisata. Kata kunci: analisis vegetasi, RFC, atraksi wisata, ekowisata, Barringtonia

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Abundance of Common Shrew (Sorex Araneus) in Selected Forest Habitats of Moravia (Czech Republic)

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun201765020401 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 65 (2) ◽

pp. 401-409 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Martina Dokulilová ◽

Josef Suchomel

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Common Shrew ◽

Sorex Araneus ◽

Mountain Forest ◽

Suitable Habitat ◽

Lowland Forest ◽

Terrestrial Mammals ◽

Forest Sites ◽

Lowland Forests

Abundance of common shrew (Sorex araneus) was evaluated on selected forest sites in Moravia, Czech Republic. Six types of habitats were assessed: forest clearings and mature forests in lowlands (173 – 233 m), uplands (360 – 600 m), and mountains (600 – 1200 m). Data were collected over five‑year‑long periods; 2006 – 2010 (uplands) and 2007 – 2011 (lowlands and mountains). Small terrestrial mammals were captured using snap traps laid in lines. In total, 200 individuals of common shrew were trapped. Relative abundance among different habitats was statistically evaluated. The highest relative abundance was found in mountain forest clearings (n = 132, rA = 0.719). Lower abundance was in upland forest clearings (n = 15, rA = 0.384), in mature mountain forests (n = 32, rA = 0.355), and in the lowland forest clearings (n = 9, rA = 0.109). The lowest abundance was in mature upland forests (n = 9, rA = 0.031) and in mature lowland forests (n = 3, rA = 0.011). Differences between sites were statistically significant. Among all altitudes, shrew populations in plantations were significantly more numerous than those in mature forests. Mountain forest clearings with dense herb layer proved to be the most suitable habitat while mature lowland forests with less developed herbaceous layer were the least suitable. Forest clearings proved to be an important refuge for the populations of common shrew.

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Kajian Kelayakan Fisik Pantai Seribu Ranting Jepara Sebagai Kawasan Wisata Pantai

Journal of Marine Research ◽

10.14710/jmr.v8i1.24328 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 47-54

Author(s):

Dyah Pitaloka Novitasari ◽

Ibnu Pratikto ◽

Chrisna Adhi Suryono

Keyword(s):

Sampling Method ◽

Swot Analysis ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Salt Ponds ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

White Sand ◽

Central Java ◽

Measurement Results ◽

Beach Tourism ◽

Sports Arena

Pantai Seribu Ranting terletak di Desa Panggung, Kecamatan Kedung, Kabupaten Jepara, Jawa Tengah. Pantai Seribu Ranting memiliki potensi alam yang dapat dikembangkan untuk kegiatan pariwisata. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi kelayakan fisik Pantai Seribu Ranting sebagai kawasan wisata pantai di Kabupaten Jepara dengan mengkaji parameter fisik pantai dan analisis SWOT. Penelitian ini bermanfaat mengetahui kelayakan kawasan wisata Pantai Seribu Ranting sebagai kawasan wisata pantai. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2018 dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pantai Seribu Ranting sesuai untuk kegiatan wisata pantai karena hasil pengukuran di stasiun 1, stasiun 2, dan stasiun 3 menunjukkan nilai IKW diatas 80%. Nilai IKW yang diperoleh tergolong dalam tingkat kesesuaian S1, walaupun terdapat beberapa parameter yang kurang mendukung seperti perairan yang terlalu keruh. Akan tetapi hal itu dapat disiasati dengan menonjolkan kelebihannya seperti pasir putih, pantai yang landai, dan tidak adanya biota berbahaya. Analisis SWOT di Pantai Seribu Ranting menghasilkan tiga prioritas utama, yaitu: Memanfaatkan kondisi alam yang ada untuk menambah daya tarik wisata, membuat atraksi eduwisata tambak garam, dan membuat arena olahraga pantai. Seribu Ranting Beach is located in Panggung Village, Kedung Subdistrict, Jepara, Central Java. Seribu Ranting Beach have natural potential that can be developed for ecotourism. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the physical advisability of Seribu Ranting Beach as a beach tourism area in Jepara by studying the physical parameters of the beach and SWOT analysis. The advantage of this research is to know the advisability of ecotourism in Seribu Ranting Beach as beach tourism. The research has been carried out in December 2018 with a purposive sampling method. The results showed that Seribu Ranting Beach is suitable for beach tourism activities because the measurement results at station 1, 2, and 3 showed that IKW values are above 80%. The IKW values that have been obtained are classified as a level of S1 suitability, although there are some parameters that are less supportive like turbid water and a lot of garbage. However, this can be dealt by highlighting its advantages such as white sand, sloping beaches, and the absence of dangerous biota. The SWOT analysis on Seribu Ranting Beach produced three main priorities, namely: utilizing existing natural conditions to increase tourist attraction, making edutourism attractions of salt ponds, and creating a beach sports arena.

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New GPS technology improves fix success for large mammal collars in dense tropical forests

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467409005811 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 217-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Mathias W. Tobler

Keyword(s):

Forest Canopy ◽

Temperate Forests ◽

Radio Telemetry ◽

Canopy Cover ◽

Good Alternative ◽

Dry Forest ◽

Lowland Forest ◽

Gps Collars ◽

Poor Access ◽

Lowland Forests

There have been few telemetry studies on large and medium-sized mammals from Neotropical lowland forests. This can partly be explained by the difficulty of tracking animals with radio-telemetry in these forests, often in remote areas with poor access due to limited transportation infrastructure. Researchers have been forced to follow their collared animals by aeroplane (Crawshaw 1995, Fragoso 1998, Rabinowitz & Nottingham 1986), but aerial telemetry is dangerous and involves difficult logistics and high costs. GPS (Global Positioning System) collars that allow the collection of data automatically at long intervals would be a good alternative. The effect of canopy cover on GPS fix success and location accuracy was of concern from the beginning and has been widely investigated in temperate forests (D'Eon 2003, Di Orio et al. 2003, Dussault et al. 1999, Moen et al. 1996, Rempel et al. 1995). All studies found a significant decrease in fix success and a large increase in location errors under forest canopy. Tropical lowland rain forests have a much denser canopy than temperate forests, and up to now the performance of GPS collars in tropical forest has been very poor. Rumiz & Venegas (2006) showed that while GPS collars worked in the dry forest of the Bolivian Chaco, they only obtained a successful fix in 1–3% of all attempts in the lowland forest of the Madidi National Park, Bolivia.

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KELIMPAHAN DAN KEKAYAAN SPESIES KELELAWAR DI GUNUNG TANGKOKO SULAWESI UTARA

PHARMACON ◽

10.35799/pha.8.2019.29391 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 671

Author(s):

Siti N. Awalyah ◽

Rooije R. H. Rumende ◽

Hanry J. Lengkong

Keyword(s):

Sampling Method ◽

Montane Forest ◽

Catch Rate ◽

Coastal Forest ◽

Lowland Forest ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

North Sulawesi ◽

Cynopterus Brachyotis ◽

Number Of Individuals ◽

Mist Net

ABSTRACT Bats are included into Chiroptera that originally derived from Greek. “Cheir” means hand and “Pteros” means wing or on the different side we can say it “wing hand”. Bats are mammals that can fly. They are nocturnal because they are active to find their food, flying at midnight, sleeping by hanging upside down during the day. They habitually do that kind of sleep because bat wings only have slight membrane which are susceptible to sunlight. Bats have two Ordo, they are Megachiroptera dan Microchirotera. The purpose of this research is to analyze abundance and richness of Bat Species in Tangkoko Mountain North Sulawesi. The method applying in this research is purposive sampling method by using Mist net. The locations of this research are coastal forest, lowland forest, sub montane forest, and moss forest. The obtained bats belong to one family, five genus, seven species with the total number of individuals is 260 bats. The species of the netted bats are Thoopterus nigrescens, Rosettus celebensis, R. amplexicaudatus, Macroglossus minimus, Nyctimene cephalotes, Cynopterus brachyotis, and Cynopterus luzoniensis. The catch rate of species of bats on Tangkoko Mountain has the result of abundance, which is calssified as low, that is 0.23 ind/net/hour/day. The richness of bat species at the second location is 1.08 that is classified as low. Keywords : Bats, Abundance, Richness, Tangkoko Mountain, North Sulawesi ABSTRAK Kelelawar termasuk ordo Chiroptera yang berasal dari bahasa yunani “Cheir” yang berarti tangan dan “Pteros” yang berarti sayap, atau bisa di sebut sebagai “sayap tangan”. kelelawar merupakan anggota hewan meyusui yang bisa terbang. Kelelawar bersifat nokturnal karena aktif mencari makan, terbang pada malam hari dan tidur dengan bergelantung terbalik pada siang hari. Karena hal tersebut di karenakan sayap kelelawar hanya berupa selaput tipis yang rentan terkena cahaya matahari. Kelelawar memiliki dua sub ordo yaitu sub ordo Megachiroptera dan Microchirotera. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kelimpahan dan kekayaan kelelawar di Gunung Tangkoko Sulawesi Utara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode purposive sampling dengan menggunakan jaring kabut (Mist net). Titik lokasi penelitian yaitu hutan pantai, hutan dataran rendah, hutan sub montana, dan hutan lumut. Kelelawar yang didapat termasuk ke dalam satu family, lima genus, tujuh spesies dengan jumlah seluruh individu 260 kelelawar. Spesies kelelawar yang terjaring yaitu Thoopterus nigrescens, Rosettus celebensis, R. amplexicaudatus, Macroglossus minimus, Nyctimene cephalotes, Cynopterus brachyotis, dan Cynopterus luzoniensis. Laju tangkapan spesies kelelawar di Gunung Tangkoko, memiliki hasil kelimpahan yang tergolong rendah yaitu sebesar 0.23 ind/net/jam/hari. Kekayaan spesies kelelawar pada kedua lokasi ialah 1,08 yang tergolong rendah.Kata kunci : Kelelawar, Kelimpahan, Kekayaan, Gunung Tangkoko, Sulawesi Utara.

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Bat diversity in two lowland forests of Brunei Darussalam

Scientia Bruneiana ◽

10.46537/scibru.v15i0.44 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Huwaida Hj Masmin ◽

Kahtleen Collier ◽

Pallavi Sirajuddin ◽

Ulmar Grafe

Keyword(s):

Current Knowledge ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Habitat Types ◽

Lowland Forest ◽

Brunei Darussalam ◽

Forest Sites ◽

Lowland Forests ◽

Abundance And Distribution ◽

Bat Diversity ◽

Diverse Habitat

The forests of Brunei Darussalam harbour rich bat assemblages. In this study we update current knowledge of the abundance and distribution of bats in Brunei by comparing bat diversity between two lowland forest sites: Temburong and Tasek Merimbun. We recorded 27 bat species with three new locality records for each of the two sites surveyed. Temburong had higher bat diversity than Merimbun, suggesting that it has more diverse habitat types. This study highlights the need for further bat surveys as full inventories of bat communities have not yet been reached and little is known about the ecology and conservation status of bat populations.

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Seasonality, drivers, and isotopic composition of soil CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes from tropical forests of the Congo Basin

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-17-6207-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (23) ◽

pp. 6207-6218

Author(s):

Simon Baumgartner ◽

Matti Barthel ◽

Travis William Drake ◽

Marijn Bauters ◽

Isaac Ahanamungu Makelele ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Soil Respiration ◽

Tropical Forests ◽

Montane Forest ◽

Congo Basin ◽

Co2 Fluxes ◽

Soil Co2 ◽

Montane Forests ◽

Lowland Forest ◽

Lowland Forests

Abstract. Soil respiration is an important carbon flux and key process determining the net ecosystem production of terrestrial ecosystems. To address the lack of quantification and understanding of seasonality in soil respiration of tropical forests in the Congo Basin, soil CO2 fluxes and potential controlling factors were measured annually in two dominant forest types (lowland and montane) of the Congo Basin over 2 years at varying temporal resolution. Soil CO2 fluxes from the Congo Basin resulted in 3.45 ± 1.14 and 3.13 ± 1.22 µmol CO2 m−2 s−1 for lowland and montane forests, respectively. Soil CO2 fluxes in montane forest soils showed a clear seasonality with decreasing flux rates during the dry season. Montane forest soil CO2 fluxes were positively correlated with soil moisture, while CO2 fluxes in the lowland forest were not. Smaller differences of δ13C values of leaf litter, soil organic carbon (SOC), and soil CO2 indicated that SOC in lowland forests is more decomposed than in montane forests, suggesting that respiration is controlled by C availability rather than environmental factors. In general, C in montane forests was more enriched in 13C throughout the whole cascade of carbon intake via photosynthesis, litterfall, SOC, and soil CO2 compared to lowland forests, pointing to a more open system. Even though soil CO2 fluxes are similarly high in lowland and montane forests of the Congo Basin, the drivers of them seem to be different, i.e., soil moisture for montane forest and C availability for lowland forest.

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Annual and spatial variation in composition and activity of terrestrial mammals on two replicate plots in lowland forest of eastern Ecuador

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.4241 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e4241 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

John G. Blake ◽

Bette A. Loiselle

Keyword(s):

Spatial Scales ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Camera Traps ◽

Small Scale ◽

Lowland Forest ◽

Terrestrial Mammals ◽

Camera Location ◽

Lowland Forests ◽

A Site ◽

Capture Rates

Terrestrial mammals are important components of lowland forests in Amazonia (as seed dispersal agents, herbivores, predators) but there are relatively few detailed studies from areas that have not been affected by human activities (e.g., hunting, logging). Yet, such information is needed to evaluate effects of humans elsewhere. We used camera traps to sample medium to large-sized terrestrial mammals at a site in lowland forests of eastern Ecuador, one of the most biologically rich areas in the world. We deployed cameras on two study plots in terra firme forest at Tiputini Biodiversity Station. Sixteen cameras were arranged 200 m apart in a 4 × 4 grid on each plot. Cameras were operated for 60 days in January–March, 2014–2017, for a total of 3,707 and 3,482 trap-days on the two plots (Harpia, Puma). A total of 28 species were recorded; 26 on Harpia and 25 on Puma. Number of species recorded each year was slightly greater on Harpia whereas overall capture rates (images/100 trap-days) were higher on Puma. Although most species were recorded on each plot, differences in capture rates meant that yearly samples on a given plot were more similar to each other than to samples on the other plot. Images of most species showed a clumped distribution pattern on each plot; Panthera onca was the only species that did not show a clumped distribution on either plot. Images at a given camera location showed no evidence of autocorrelation with numbers of images at nearby camera locations, suggesting that species were responding to small-scale differences in habitat conditions. A redundancy analysis showed that environmental features within 50 or 100 m of camera locations (e.g., elevation, variation in elevation, slope, distance to streams) accounted for significant amounts of variation in distribution patterns of species. Composition and relative importance based on capture rates were very similar to results from cameras located along trails at the same site; similarities decreased at increasing spatial scales based on comparisons with results from other sites in Ecuador and Peru.

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Priority contribution. The rediscovery of Gurney's Pitta Pitta gurneyi in Myanmar and an estimate of its population size based on remaining forest cover

Bird Conservation International ◽

10.1017/s095927090500002x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 3-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

JONATHAN C. EAMES ◽

HTIN HLA ◽

PETER LEIMGRUBER ◽

DANIEL S. KELLY ◽

SEIN MYO AUNG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protected Areas ◽

Forest Cover ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Forest Edge ◽

Forest Conversion ◽

Lowland Forest ◽

Lowland Forests ◽

Landsat Satellite ◽

Global Population ◽

Historical Range

A preliminary survey for Gurney's Pitta Pitta gurneyi was undertaken at five sites within the species' historical range in the Tanintharyi (Tenasserim) Division of Myanmar from 14 to 24 May 2003. During the surveys, Gurney's Pittas were heard and/or observed at four sites with a maximum of 10–12 pairs recorded at one site. Birds were encountered in logged primary and secondary forest below 100 m on flat ground, sometimes less than 10 m from forest edge. All encounters were within 2 km of the main trans-Tanintharyi highway. Landsat satellite imagery was used to map remaining lowland forests and Gurney's Pitta habitat in the Tanintharyi Division. Our analysis demonstrated that only 4,705 km2 of lowland forest remain with about 3,496 km2 in flat areas with slopes < 10°. On the basis of previously reported population densities, these habitats may support a population of 5,152–8,586 pairs. Much of the remaining habitat is restricted to small and fragmented patches < 1 km2 in area. The five largest patches have a total area of 1,431 km2 and range in size from 137 to 467 km2. This survey demonstrated that Gurney's Pitta still occurs within its historical range in Myanmar, although probably not at any of the historical collecting localities visited. The global population of Gurney's Pitta is at least 100% greater than the latest published estimate. This survey has also shown that the Gurney's Pitta population in southern Tanintharyi Division is under pressure from forest conversion to oil palm. Contrary to the situation in neighbouring Thailand, sufficient forest remains to establish landscape level protected areas covering a broad ecological continuum. Securing populations of Gurney's Pitta within either expanded or entirely new protected areas must be the best chance for the species and the Sundaic flora and fauna of which it is part.

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