Community/Social Action Groupwork in Indigenous and Rural Communities Zimbabwe Summer 2019

Groupwork ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Paul Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Social Action ◽  
National Park ◽  
School Principal ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Community Sustainability ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

In June 2018, I was fortunate enough to attend and present at the IASWG Symposium at Kruger National Park in South Africa. It was a truly amazing experience. However, in July of 2019  I was once again able to return to the  African continent. This time to visit Zimbabwe. For the past four years, my friend and School Principal Chris Labbe,  had been visiting and working with the  IMVELO organization to raise funds for the following three schools:  Ngamo Primary School, Mlevu Primary School and St Joseph’s Primary School.These three schools are located in the indigenous and rural rural villages of Hwanga  National Park.  During the course of the visits to these three Schools, my wife Peg McGovern and I were able to observe the incredible work that was being done between IMVELO and the local communities. The overarching theme of the IASWG 2018 symposium had been “Groupwork in Communities.” On my visit to Hwanga,  I witnessed the impact  of Groupwork in these indigenous and rural communities. On my return home, I reviewed the Groupwork literature, and it reinforced what I observed and encountered  in Zimbabwe.  The wonderful sense of community, sustainability, cooperation, integration of programs, social action and empowerment. It truly was an amazing experience and a trip of a lifetime.

scholarly journals The Gaols of Guyana: Hauntology and Trauma in the soundscape of Prison

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tammy Ayres ◽  
Dylan Kerrigan
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Structural Violence ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission Of Trauma ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
Transmission Of Trauma ◽  
The Impact

Using Hauntology, this paper illustrates how the supposed demise of a socio-political and economic system – colonialism – still impacts on and has something to offer contemporary political analysis in Guyana’s gaols. Drawing on Fiddler’s spatio-hauntology alongside the work of Derrida and Gordon this paper shows how hauntology provides an alternative theoretical framework to look at the intergenerational transmission of trauma, which can be traced back to colonialism and slavery. It acknowledges the impact structural violence has on the collective imaginary and how this – consciously and unconsciously – shapes the psychosocial material underpinning contemporary Guyanese identities, desires, experiences, social action, and systems of punishment which includes prisons – its buildings, space, regimes, processes, sounds, laws and rationale. Guyana’s prisons contain phantoms of the past. Only by acknowledging Guyana’s ghosts and the phantasm of past trauma is it that we can begin to understand contemporary Guyana and Guyanese society, which includes their jails.

scholarly journals City Profile: Johannesburg, South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-270
Author(s):  
Caryn Abrahams ◽  
David Everatt
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
The Political ◽  
African Continent ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fiscal Management ◽  
The North ◽  
Rivers And Streams ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The city of Johannesburg offers insights into urban governance and the interesting interplay between managing the pressures in a rapidly urbanizing context, with the political imperatives that are enduring challenges. The metropolitan municipality of Johannesburg (hereafter Johannesburg), as it is known today, represents one of the most diverse cities in the African continent. That urbanization, however, came up hard against the power of the past. Areas zoned by race had been carved into the landscape, with natural and manufactured boundaries to keep formerly white areas ‘safe’ from those zoned for other races. Highways, light industrial plant, rivers and streams, all combined to ensure the Johannesburg landscape are spatially disfigured, and precisely because it is built into the landscape, the impact of apartheid has proved remarkably durable. Urban growth is concentrated in Johannesburg’s townships and much of it is class driven: the middle class (of all races) is increasingly being found in cluster and complexes in the north Johannesburg, while poor and working-class African and coloured communities in particular are densifying in the south. The racial and spatial divisions of the city continue to pose fundamental challenges in terms of governance, fiscal management and spatially driven service delivery.

scholarly journals Land-Cover Legacy Effects on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Abundance in Human and Wildlife Dominated Systems in Tropical Savanna

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geofrey E. Soka ◽  
Mark E. Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
National Park ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Legacy Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can be important mutualists to plant hosts in acquiring soil nutrients. Past work has not explored whether previous land-cover history influences current AMF abundance in croplands and whether different land-cover histories in grazed but not cultivated areas influence AMF. This study was conducted to assess the effects of land-cover history in and near Serengeti National Park on AMF abundance in areas with three different land uses. The results showed that land-cover history influenced a number of soil physicochemical properties following conversion of grassland to cropland or woodland to cropland during the past 27 years. Different original land cover generally did not significantly influence current AMF abundance in croplands or livestock-grazed soils. However, livestock-grazed current grasslands that were formerly woodlands had lower AMF abundance than sites that had been grasslands since 1984. These results suggest that lower AMF abundance in livestock-grazed and cropland areas as compared to protected wildlife-grazed areas may reflect reduced total carbon inputs and higher disturbance and are not strongly influenced by the legacy of previous land cover. Given that recent studies have detected legacy effects on AMF, such effects may reflect more the impact on the taxonomic composition of AMF rather than their total abundance.

Ecology and Environment

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
James McCann
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
New World ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
African Continent ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ecology And Environment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Urban Footprint

This chapter examines the ecological and environmental history of modern Africa. It explores the range of environmental challenges faced by Africa’s peoples over the past two centuries of imperialism and globalization and considers the extent to which these challenges were particular to the African continent. After setting out the diversity of Africa’s environments and climatic patterns, it examines levels of biodiversity and endemism, the creation of the forest fallow agricultural system in West Africa, the impact of New World crops, the interaction between disease and landscape in East Africa, and finally the ecological impact of the ‘urban footprint’ in the postcolonial period.

scholarly journals PRECARITY, AGENCY, AND UNSUSTAINABILITY: THE MOBILITY OF YOUNG ADULT TOURISM WORKERS IN BANFF NATIONAL PARK, CANADA

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-87
Author(s):  
Angèle Smith
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
National Park ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Community Sustainability ◽  
Banff National Park ◽  
The Impact

This article focuses on young adults who travel to work and live in the Rocky Mountain resort destination of Banff National Park in western Canada. This is usually an early work experience in the lives of these young workers, often their first. I discuss the patterns and the impact of the work mobility of young adult tourism workers using three different frames of understanding: (a) the precarious employment associated with the tourism industry itself; (b) the specific place and community of Banff and how it shapes particular conditions of precarity and agency within the tourism industry and for young tourism workers’ experiences; and (c) the young adult tourism workers themselves — their motives for work and travel, their experiences of work, and their agency in navigating the tourism industry in Banff. Using these three frames, I examine the impact of precarity and agency on the transfer of work knowledge, on the sustainability of the tourism industry work and the community, and on the young adult tourism workers’ future work experiences. It is critical to examine work precarity, worker agency, and job and community sustainability in order to understand more fully the experiences of mobility of young adult tourism workers, and their early work experiences. This is all the more important as, in a climate of economic change and restructuring, young adult workers are becoming central to the consideration of employment policy issues.

scholarly journals Stakeholders' Perceptions of the Impact of the Global System for Mobile Communications on Nigeria Rural Economy: Implications for an Emerging Communications Industry

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tella Adeyinka
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
Global System ◽  
Rural Industry ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Rural Dwellers ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The major purpose of the study was to examine the impact of GSM on the economies of the rural dwellers in Nigeria, specifically, on job creation, time management, reduction in crime rate and their general income flow. *Methodology/ Approach- The study adopted a descriptive survey research design, and data was collected using a questionnaire administered to one thousand respondents randomly selected from ten rural communities in a part of Nigeria. *Research Limitations/ Implications- The sample was taken from a state of the federation out of the 36 states in Nigeria, however, the rural communities represent typical rural villages in the country, hence, the findings could be generalized for the whole country. *Practical Implications- The GSM is an emerging communication industry in Africa, with Nigeria rated as one of the fastest growing market in this field of communication. However, the impact of the communication system is largely felt in the urban cities, the impact on the rural dwellers is still marginally poor. Hence, focus should be shifted to the utilization of the GSM for the development of rural economies in Africa, Nigeria inclusive. *The Originality/ Value of the Paper- The paper is a product of a recent survey carried out by the authors; hence the findings reported here are original and reflect the current views and practices in the rural communities in Nigeria with regards to the impact of the communication mode. Apart from some ‘market’ researches in this area, this perhaps represents one of the few academic thorough researches in the field in Nigeria. Key Words: Nigeria, Communications, Global System of Communication, Economy, Rural, Industry.

scholarly journals How Raccoons Could Lead to the Disappearance of Native Crayfish in Central Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Tricarico ◽  
Paola Ciampelli ◽  
Laura De Cicco ◽  
Sandro Aurelio Marsella ◽  
Lorenzo Petralia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Population Status ◽  
The Past ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Predatory Fishes ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Native Crayfish ◽  
The Impact

The white-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes complex populations are decreasing in the Foreste Casentinesi, Monte Falterona and Campigna National Park (Central Italy), due to several factors, including illegal poaching, predatory fishes, drought, and invasive alien species. Recently, the Northern raccoon Procyon lotor has been reported to be present in the area of the National Park and has started to predate on the white-clawed crayfish. The aim of the study was to update the distribution and population status of A. pallipes in the reserves, other sites of the National Park, and surrounding areas to assess the potential effects of the raccoon. Crayfish were sampled by hand or by traps in 14 sites; sampled individuals were sexed and measured. Signs of raccoon presence (e.g., footprints and predated crayfish) were also recorded. Our study confirms the impact of raccoon on native crayfish: indeed, where the invasive mammal is present (six sites), crayfish disappeared, or their populations have been dramatically reduced in number, with a size distribution skewed towards juveniles. In two sites, close to urban settlements, fresh footprints of P. lotor and predated specimens of A. pallipes were also observed. Populations of crayfish are still abundant or even increasing as compared with samplings conducted in the past where raccoon is absent (five sites). Urgent actions (e.g., control of raccoons, and monitoring and restocking of A. pallipes populations if feasible and where possible) should be taken into account to guarantee the survival of this protected species.

Indirect Recognition

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-77
Author(s):  
Christian Lund
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local Population ◽  
New Order ◽  
Formal Property ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Work ◽  
The Impact

This chapter evaluates the impact of the declaration of Mount Halimun-Salak as a national park by the Indonesian government on the property and citizenship of the local population. It analyzes government–citizen encounters in West Java and the dynamics of recognition in the fields of government territorialization, taxation, local organization, and identity politics. If direct claims to resources were impossible to pursue, people would instead lodge indirect claims. In everyday situations, indirect recognition can perform important legal and political work. After the authoritarian New Order regime, in particular, claims to citizenship worked as indirect property claims and as pragmatic proxies for formal property rights. The chapter examines how people struggle over the past, negotiating the constraints of social propriety for legitimation and indirect recognition of their claims.

The Early Medieval Slave Trade of the Central Sahel: Archaeological and Historical Considerations

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Haour
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
New World ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
African Continent ◽  
African Slave ◽  
The Past ◽  
Atlantic Trade ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
The Impact

The trans-Atlantic trade that brought slaves from the African continent to the New World has generated such interest and controversy that it has tended to obscure another significant African slave trade, that which saw individuals sent across the Sahara to be sold in North Africa and Western Asia. This trans-Saharan trade was both longer-lived and, in terms of numbers eventually enslaved, demographically similar to the better-known trans-Atlantic trade. This chapter summarizes current understandings of the trans-Saharan slave trade for the period ad 750–1500 approximately, and assesses the prospects for its archaeological recognition. A second topic will be to suggest the merits of a comparative approach considering the impact of slave trading on social and political frameworks: the argument here is that a consideration of wider themes can bring us closer to understanding roots and causes, invalidating the convenient assumption that the Atlantic slave trade was a historical curiosity which can be safely consigned to the annals of the past.

scholarly journals Assessment of Stocking Activities on the Native Brown Trout Populations from Nestos River (Southern Balkans) Inferred by mtDNA RFLP and Sequencing Analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9034
Author(s):  
Ioannis A. Giantsis ◽  
Argyrios Sapounidis ◽  
Emmanouil Koutrakis ◽  
Apostolos P. Apostolidis
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Complete Loss ◽  
Nestos River ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fish Introductions ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Alien Fish ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Acheloos River

Alien fish introductions, conducted towards the ichthyofauna enhancement in local drainages, have been occasionally proved harmful for the indigenous freshwater fish populations. The present study was designed to assess the impact of stocking activities, carried out in the past decades with fingerlings originating from Acheloos river hatcheries, on the native trout (Salmo sp.) populations of Nestos River, Greece. Trout specimens collected from several tributaries of Nestos River and were analyzed by means of PCR-RFLP and sequencing targeting the mitochondrial ND5-ND6 genes and the entire control region, respectively. It should be mentioned that trouts from Acheloos mainly belong to the marmoratus mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineage, while the autochthonous trouts from Nestos belong to the Adriatic lineage. Both methodologies demonstrated that most samples from the three tributaries located at the lower part of Nestos constitute offspring of the fingerlings transferred from Acheloos hatcheries. Therefore, these tributaries have been strongly affected by stocking activities with a potential complete loss of their autochthonous trout. On the other hand, it seems that trout populations from higher altitude tributaries have not been affected by stockings. Hence, efforts should be undertaken in order to prevent the prevalence of the non-indigenous translocated Salmo in higher altitude tributaries, in conjunction with a management plan designed for the total trout populations from the area, speaking of which it has been recently included to the National Park of Rodopi Mountains.

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