scholarly journals Utopian Dreams in the New World and for the New Woman: the influence of Utopian Socialism in First Wave Feminism. The case of Marie Howland and Topolobambo’s Community = Sueños Utópicos en el Nuevo Mundo y para la Nueva Mujer: La Influencia del Socialismo Utópico en el Feminismo de la Primera Ola. El caso de Marie Howland y la Comunidad de Topolobampo

2020 ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Macarena Iribarne
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Independence ◽  
Free Love ◽  
The New Woman ◽  
Utopian Socialism ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Charles Fourier ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Ideal

Resumen: El continente americano fue originalmente concebido como el lugar ideal para desarrollar proyectos utópicos. Este espíritu utópico renovó su impulso en el siglo XIX. El socialismo utópico y, en especial, el pensamiento de Charles Fourier inspiraron la creación de comunidades ideales en Estados Unidos y Latinoamérica. Marie Howland gracias a su novela Papa´s own girl, será la ideóloga y una de las creadoras y directoras del proyecto de ciudad ideal desarrollado durante el último cuarto del siglo diecinueve en Topolobampo, Sinaloa. Howland tratará de poner en práctica las ideas desarrolladas en su libro sobre el amor libre y la liberación de la mujer a través de un modelo comunitario de trabajo doméstico e independencia económica. Sus esfuerzos enfrentaron la resistencia de hombres que no estaban a la altura de la mujer nueva.Palabras claves: Nuevo Mundo, Comunidades Ideales, Socialismo Utópico, Amor libre, Independencia económica de la mujer, Marie Stevens Howland.Abstract: The Americas were originally conceived as the ideal place to develop utopian projects.. This utopian spirit renewed its energy in the 19th century. Utopian Socialism and, particularly, Charles Fourier's thought inspired the creation of ideal communities in the United States and Latin America. Marie Howland was the ideologue, and one of the creators and leaders of the ideal city project developed during the last quarter of the nineteenth century in Topolobampo, Sinaloa – following the publication of her novel Papa's own girl,. Howland tried to put into practice the ideas on free love and liberation of women through a community model of domestic work and economic independence that she developed in her book. Her endeavours faced the resistance of men who were not up to the new woman.Keywords: New World, Ideal Communities, Utopian Socialism, Free Love, Women Economic Independence, Marie Stevens Howland.

”A CONVENCIONAL RECUSA DA POPULAÇÃO A CERTOS TRABALHOS AGRáCOLAS, QUE JULGáƒO DESTINCTIVO DA ESCRAVIDáƒO”: o trabalhador ideal para o Cariri Cearense da segunda metade do século XIX

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA SARA RIBEIRO PARENTE CORTEZ
Keyword(s):  
Labor Supply ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
National Context ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Freed Slaves ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Migratory Pathway ◽  
The Ideal

Na segunda metade do século XIX, ao Cariri Cearense se delineou uma via migratória. Eram trabalhadores livres e pobres que, fugindo da seca, buscavam um espaço que não era severamente assolado por esse fenômeno. Unidos aos livres, libertos e escravos da região compunham a oferta de mão de obra. Por outro lado, nessa época, as autoridades e proprietários dessa região se ressentiam da falta de trabalhadores, sobretudo para a lavoura. Isso ocorria pela noção referente ao trabalho escravo, como aviltante e degradante, condicionar a percepção dos trabalhadores livres sobre as lidas que eles deveriam se vincular. Nacionalmente ocorria a discussão em torno da formação do trabalhador nacional em contraposição ao ócio e vadiagem percebidos nos setores pobres da sociedade. Assim como no contexto nacional, no sul cearense, mudar a noção de trabalho foi vista como necessária a fim de alterar a percepção sobre os serviços ”˜de escravos”™. Palavras-chave: História. Trabalho. Século XIX.  ”THE REGULAR REFUSAL FROM POPULATION CERTAIN AGRICULTURAL WORKS, JUDGED TO BE DISTINCTIVE OF SLAVERY”: the ideal work for the Cariri region of Ceará in the second half of the 19th centuryAbstract: In the second half of the 19th century, the Cariri region of Ceará became a migratory pathway. Free and poor workers fleeing from the drought, sought a space not severely hit by this phenomenon. Along with the free man and freed slaves from the region comprised the labor supply. Moreover, at that time, the authorities and farm owners from the region complained about the lack of labor, especially for farming. This occurred from the notion of slave work as demeaning and degrading condition the perception of free laborers on the rules that they should be bound to. Nationally occurred the discussion around the formation of national worker as opposed to idleness ad vagrancy perceived in poor sectors of society. As in the national context a change in the notion of work was seen as necessary in southern Ceará in order to change the perception of the ”slave” jobs. Keywords: History. Work. 19th century.  ”EL RECHAZO DE LA POBLACIÓN A CIERTOS TRABAJOS AGRáCOLAS PORJUZGAR DESTINCTIVO LA ESCLAVITUD”: el empleado ideal para el Carirá­ - Ceará de la segunda mitad del siglo XIXResumen: En la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, en el Cariri - Cearense surgió una ruta migratoria. Eran trabajadores libres y pobres, huyendo de la sequá­a, buscaban un espacio que no fuera duramente afectado por este fenómeno. Unidos a los libres, libertos y esclavos de la región comprendieron la oferta de trabajo. Por otra parte, en ese momento, las autoridades y los propietarios de esta región sintieron la deficiencia de trabajadores, en especial para la agricultura. Esto ocurrió por la idea en referirse a la esclavitud como humillante y degradante, condicionar la percepción de los trabajadores libres en la lectura que deberá­an estar vinculados. A nivel nacional, ocurrió la discusión sobre la formación del trabajador nacional en oposición a la ociosidad y vagancia percibida en sectores pobres de la sociedad. Al igual que en el contexto nacional, en el sur de Ceará, cambiar el concepto de trabajo fue visto como necesario para cambiar la percepción de los servicios de 'esclavos'. Palabras clave: Historia. Trabajo. Del siglo XIX.

Feminism and Suffragism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Jovanovich-Kelley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Social Theorist ◽  
The Social ◽  
Oxford Dictionary ◽  
Charles Fourier ◽  
Temperance Movements ◽  
The 19Th Century

Originating from the French word féminisme, feminism’s first appearance in 1837 is attributed to the social theorist Charles Fourier (1772–1837). Denoting a principle that argues for the rights of women and the equality of the sexes, it grew increasingly popular as a term in the second half of the 19th century, and first appeared in the Oxford Dictionary of English in 1895. As a reform movement with a network of activists comprising both sexes across the Americas and Europe, the championing of political, financial, and social equality for women had its roots in abolitionist and temperance movements of the early 19th century. Roughly divided into three waves, the first began in the mid-1800s and peaked in the United States and Europe between 1890 and 1920. The second took place from the late 1960s to the 1980s, and was followed by a third in the mid-1990s.

scholarly journals Transatlantic Opera in Spain and the New World in the 17th and Early 18th Centuries

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad M. Gasta
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Musical Theater ◽  
New World ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Spanish Colonies ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Church ◽  
Calderón De La Barca

Opera was performed in the Spanish-speaking New World colonies almost a century before what later would become the United States. The first operas staged in the Spanish colonies were wildly elaborate projects funded by the viceroys—Tomás de Torrejón y Velasco’s La púrpura de la rosa, in Lima, Peru, in 1701, and Manuel Zumaya’s Parténope, in Mexico City in 1711. These were followed by two operas written to convey religious didactic messages in the remote Jesuit Missions of South America: Domenico Zipoli’s San Ignacio (ca. 1720) and the anonymous San Xavier (ca. 1730), the latter of which was composed in the indigenous Bolivian Chiquitano language with a parallel Spanish libretto. All derived from the Italian opera tradition but were decisively shaped by Spanish musical theater, and they were indebted to the first operas in Madrid, which predated them: Félix Lope de Vega y Carpio’s fully sung La selva sin amor, from 1627, performed by the Florentine delegation, and a pair of operas from 1659 and 1660 by Pedro Calderón de la Barca, La púrpura de la rosa (whose libretto served as the basis for Torrejón’s 1701 version) and Celos aun del aire matan. These early Spanish operas were part of a process of political and ideological posturing since they were funded and produced either by nobility intent on displaying their wealth, prestige, and power, or by leaders of the Church who were seeking to impart a particular religious message to embolden its influence. These grand spectacles did not usher in a stunning opera tradition in Spain, any more than their progeny in the New World would. For a variety of financial, political, and cultural reasons, a sustained or successful opera tradition would not occur until the second half of the 19th century in Spain or the New World. Perhaps importantly, these productions reflected the movement of goods and people from the Old World to the New, and opera played an exceptional role in shaping political and social events in the metropolitan centers and in minority peripheries in both Spain and the New World.

scholarly journals La Constitución fue norma por ser Pacto Federal

2011 ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Paloma Biglino Campos
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
The United States ◽  
Federal Courts ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Member States ◽  
Federal States ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article is an attempt to analyze the influence exerted by Federalism on the emergence of the normative idea of a Constitution. To this end, it begins by analyzing the curious way in which the Convention of Philadelphia introduced the reference to the Constitution in art.VI.2 of the fundamental charter of the United States, a precept that was born to ensure the new agreement on unity among states versus their tendency to pursue individual interests. Things were no different in Europe. In fact, the Constitution stops being a programmatic rule in the first federal states to appear on our continent in the 19th century. In these formations, it was enforceable law, at least with regard to the member states, as it was the part of the parameter used by the courts to measure the conformity of the legislation of member states to federal law. The idea of the Constitution as an applicable rule is perfected, on our continent, in the 1920 Austrian Constitution, when the concept of a constitution as «total order» forced the equivalence between the federation’s laws and those of the member states, equally subject to constitutional oversight. The last pages are devoted to the way in which the federal structure, by determining the concept of constitutions, influences the model for judicial review of legislation. In the United States, the superposition of a federation on top of the member states implied a dual structure in which the main topic of discussion was the jurisdiction of the federal courts to supervise the laws enacted by the States, first of all, and by the federation, secondly. The concentrated judicial review emerges, in Europe, in federal states that are the consequence of decentralization processes and, among other factors, of the mistrust caused by the fact that the judiciary is solely in the hands of the federation.Este artículo pretende subrayar la influencia que el federalismo ejerció en la aparición de la idea normativa de constitución. Por ello, comienza analizando la curiosa manera en que la Convención de Filadelfia introdujo la mención a la constitución en el art. VI.2 de la norma fundamental estadounidense, precepto que nació para asegurar el nuevo pacto de unión frente a las tendencias de los estados a perseguir sus intereses particulares. En Europa, las cosas no fueron muy distintas. En efecto, la constitución deja de ser norma programática en los primeros estados federales aparecidos en nuestro continente en el siglo XIX. En estas formaciones, era derecho aplicable, al menos en relación con los estados miembros, ya que encabezaba el parámetro que los tribunales utilizaban para medir la adecuación de las leyes de los estados miembros al derecho federal. La idea de constitución como norma aplicable se perfecciona, en nuestro continente, en Constitución austríaca de 1920, cuando la idea de constitución como «orden total», fuerza a equiparar las leyes de la federación y las de los estados miembros, sometidas en igual medida al control constitucional. En las últimas páginas se trata de la manera en que la estructura federal, al determinar la concepción de constitución, influye en el modelo de control de las leyes. En Estados Unidos, la superposición de la federación sobre los estados miembros implicó una estructura dual en la que el principal tema de discusión fue la competencia de la jurisdicción federal para controlar las leyes de los estados, primero, y de la federación, después. El control de constitucionalidad concentrado aparece, en Europa, en los estados federales que son consecuencia de procesos de descentralización, como consecuencia, entre otros factores, de la desconfianza que suscita el hecho de que el poder judicial quede en manos sólo de la federación.

scholarly journals Edgar A. Poe y las artes: el ideario artístico sugerido a través de "The Assignation"

2021 ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Alejandro Jaquero Esparcia
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Edgar Allan Poe ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Cultura Popular ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Literary Legacy

Resumen: El legado literario de Edgar Allan Poe ha sido asociado por la cultura popular, más que por la historiografía, al mundo gótico y la escritura de terror. No obstante, muchos estudios actuales inciden en la amplitud de temáticas presentes en la obra del escritor bostoniano. Ello se debe en parte a la formación adquirida como revisor literario en prensa y la satisfacción por aprender tanto los sucesos histórico-artísticos europeos y orientales como los novedosos progresos científicos desarrolladas durante el siglo XIX. En este sentido, las referencias al mundo de las Bellas Artes son constantes en su obra, configurando en algunos casos la acción misma de sus narraciones. Pretendemos examinar cómo, desde un lenguaje cuidado y experto, sugiere al lector una idea del coleccionista ideal y de sus criterios estéticos a lo largo del cuento “La cita”.Abstract: The literary legacy of Edgar Allan Poe has been identified by the popular culture, rather than the historiography, as belonging to the Gothic universe and the horror tales. However, many current studies have noted the variety of topics present in the work of the Bostonian. This is partly due to the training acquired as a literary reviewer when working in several journals and newspapers, and his interest for being well informed about European and Eastern historical and artistic facts and the pioneering scientific discoveries of the 19th century. In this sense, the references to the Fine Arts are constant in his work, being in some cases the very core of his narrations. We intend to examine how, with a careful and expert language, he presents the reader a picture of the ideal collector and his aesthetic principles throughout the tale "The Assignation."

Immigrant Arab Women in Chile during the Renaissance (Nahda), 1910s-1920s

1970 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Sarah Limorté
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
New World ◽  
Arab Women ◽  
Arab Woman ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century

Levantine immigration to Chile started during the last quarter of the 19th century. This immigration, almost exclusively male at the outset, changed at the beginning of the 20th century when women started following their fathers, brothers, and husbands to the New World. Defining the role and status of the Arab woman within her community in Chile has never before been tackled in a detailed study. This article attempts to broach the subject by looking at Arabic newspapers published in Chile between 1912 and the end of the 1920s. A thematic analysis of articles dealing with the question of women or written by women, appearing in publications such as Al-Murshid, Asch-Schabibat, Al-Watan, and Oriente, will be discussed.

A Consumer’s Guide to Eggs

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Beatty ◽  
Karla Shelnutt ◽  
Gail P. A. Kauwell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
New World ◽  
The United States ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Christopher Columbus ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Chicken Eggs

People have been eating eggs for centuries. Records as far back as 1400 BC show that the Chinese and Egyptians raised birds for their eggs. The first domesticated birds to reach the Americas arrived in 1493 on Christopher Columbus' second voyage to the New World. Most food stores in the United States offer many varieties of chicken eggs to choose from — white, brown, organic, cage free, vegetarian, omega-3 fatty acid enriched, and more. The bottom line is that buying eggs is not as simple as it used to be because more choices exist today. This 4-page fact sheet will help you understand the choices you have as a consumer, so you can determine which variety of egg suits you and your family best. Written by Jeanine Beatty, Karla Shelnutt, and Gail Kauwell, and published by the UF Department of Family Youth and Community Sciences, November 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fy1357

The National Association of Professional Base Ball Players: The Origins of Professional Baseball and the American Identity

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Identity ◽  
National Association ◽  
American Values ◽  
Primary Documents ◽  
American Tradition ◽  
Formative Experience ◽  
The 19Th Century

Baseball has been proudly coined “the national pastime” for nearly its entire existence. The sport evolved from several English bat and ball games and quickly became part of the American identity in the 19th century. Only a few decades after the first baseball club formed in New York City, amateur clubs began to organize into loose confederations as competition and glory entered a game originally associated with fraternal leisure. Soon after, clubs with enough fans and capital began to pay players for their services and by 1871 and league of solely professionals emerged. Known as The National Professional Base Ball Players Association, this league would only last five seasons but would lay the groundwork for the American tradition of professional sports that exists today. In this paper, I analyze the development of the sport of baseball into a professional industry alongside the concurrent industrialization and urbanization of the United States. I used primary documents from the era describing the growing popularity of the sport as well as modern historians’ accounts of early baseball. In addition, I rely on sources focusing on the changing American identity during this period known as The Gilded Age, which many attribute to be the beginnings of the modern understanding of American values. Ultimately, I conclude that baseball’s progression into a professional league from grassroots origins compared to a broader trend of the ideal American being viewed as urban, skilled, and affluent despite the majority not able to fit this characterization. How certain attributes become inherent to a group identity and the types of individuals able to communicate these messages are also explored. My analysis of the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players provides insight on the formative experience of the modern collective American identity and baseball’s place in it as our national pastime.

Ideal body position for epinephrine autoinjector administration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Wang ◽  
Luke Pittman ◽  
Andrew Healey ◽  
James Chang ◽  
T. Ted Song
Keyword(s):  
Body Position ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
First Line ◽  
Medical Treatment Facility ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Epinephrine Autoinjector ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
The Ideal

Background: Epinephrine is the first-line therapy for patients with anaphylaxis, and intramuscular (IM) delivery is shownto be superior to subcutaneous (SC) delivery. There currently is no consensus on the ideal body position for epinephrine autoinjector (EAI) administration.Objective: We designed this study to investigate whether SC tissue depth (SCTD) is affected by body position (e.g., standing, sitting, supine), which can potentially impact delivery of EAI into the IM space.Methods: Volunteer adults (ages >/= 18 years) from a military medical treatment facility in the United States were recruitedto participate in this study. SCTD of the vastus lateralis was measured via ultrasound at standing, sitting, and supine bodypositions. Subjects’ age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) were collected. Statistical analysis was performed to compare averageSCTD between body positions, sex, and BMI.Results: An analysis of variance of 51 participants (33 men and 18 women) did not reveal statistically significant differencein SCTD among standing, sitting, and supine body positions. It did show a significantly greater SCTD in women than in men (2.72 +/- 1.36 cm versus 1.10 +/- 0.38 cm; p < 0.001). There was no significant association observed between BMI and SCTD in this study.Conclusion: Body position did not seem to significantly change the distance between skin and thigh muscle in adults. Thiswould suggest that there might not be an ideal body position for EAI administration. Therefore, in case of anaphylaxis, promptadministration of epinephrine is recommended at any position.

The dimensions of the Moroccan position on the Gulf crisis 1990-1991

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Nazhan Hammoud Nassif Al Obeidi ◽  
Abdul Wahab Abdul Aziz Abu Khamra
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
New World ◽  
World Order ◽  
The United States ◽  
New World Order ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Gulf Crisis ◽  
The Subject

The Gulf crisis 1990-1991 is one of the important historical events of the 1990s, which gave rise to the new world order by the sovereignty of the United States of America on this system. The Gulf crisis was an embodiment to clarify the features of this system. .     The crisis in the Gulf was an opportunity for the Moroccans to manage this complex event and to use it for the benefit of the Moroccan situation. Therefore, the bilateral position of the crisis came out as a rejection, a contradiction and a supporter of political and economic dimensions at the external and internal levels. On the Moroccan situation, and from these points came the choice of the subject of the study (the dimensions of the Moroccan position from the Gulf crisis 1990-1991), which shows the ingenuity of Moroccans in managing an external crisis and benefiting from it internally.

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