scholarly journals Effect of electric, ultrasonic and manual toothbrushes on biofilm removal and gingivitis control

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. e219280
Author(s):  
Thamiris Cirelli ◽  
Guilherme José Pimentel Lopes de Oliveira ◽  
Andressa Vilas Boas Nogueira ◽  
Isis Jordão Pinheiro Ribaldo ◽  
Emelly Yukiko Diz Furuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Biofilm Removal ◽  
The Us ◽  
Manual Toothbrush ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
And Control

Aim: To evaluate the effect of manual (M), electric (E) and ultrasonic (US) toothbrushes on the removal of oral biofilm and control of gingivitis. Also, the roughness and tooth wear production were evaluated in vitro. Methods: For the in vitro analyses, thirty bovine dentin specimens were submitted to a 3-month brushing simulation (9 minutes) with the three types of toothbrushes (n = 10). Subsequently, a randomized controlled clinical trial was performed with 36 patients divided into 3 groups according to the toothbrushes used (n = 12). Gingival index, visible plaque index and the volume of crevicular fluid were evaluated at baseline and 3 months after the beginning of the toothbrush use. Furthermore, the performance of the biofilm removal per brushing cycle of 1 and 3 minutes with each toothbrush was made monthly until the end of the experiment. Results: The US group had the highest dentin wear. Clinically, the US group had a lower plaque index at 3 months than the M group. The M group also showed less biofilm removal efficiency from the second month of follow-up and more worn bristles at the end of the 3 month period than the E and US groups. Conclusion: The ultrasonic, electric and manual toothbrushes showed no differences in gingivitis control in the present study. The ultrasonic and electric toothbrushes had a more significant effect on biofilm removal than a manual toothbrush, but the ultrasonic toothbrush promoted greater dentin tissue wear.

scholarly journals Treatment Success and User-Friendliness of An Electric Toothbrush App: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Viviane Humm ◽  
Daniel Wiedemeier ◽  
Thomas Attin ◽  
Patrick Schmidlin ◽  
Stefanie Gartenmann
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Electric Toothbrush ◽  
And Control

Electronic and mobile health (eHealth/mHealth) are rapidly growing areas in medicine and digital technologies are gaining importance. In dentistry, digitalization is also an emerging topic, whereby more and more applications are being offered. As an example, using real-time feedback, digital application software (an app) was designed to help users brush their teeth more accurately. However, there is no data on the effectiveness and haptic of such apps. Therefore, a single-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial was designed: twenty volunteers received an electric toothbrush with an associated app to assess whether the app-assisted toothbrushing is better than without. After a short period of familiarization with the electric toothbrush, plaque index (O‘Leary et al. 1972) was recorded and subjects were assigned to the test (with app; n = 10) or the control group (no app; n = 10). At the end of the 2-week pilot study period, plaque was again assessed and participants in the test group completed a questionnaire about the app’s user-friendliness. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between the test and control groups. The plaque index improved on average by 8.5% points in the test and 4.7% points in the control group. Fifty percent of the test group participants were of the opinion that they had achieved better cleaning results and would recommend the app to others, although the app contributed only marginally to increased plaque removal. However, such apps may nevertheless be helpful as motivational tools, especially when tracking and monitoring cleaning data. Therefore, more development and research on this topic is indicated.

scholarly journals The Effects of Multiple Drilling Method on Improving the Functional Level and Reduction of Complaints in Patients with Knee Osteochondritis Dissecans

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Fakoor ◽  
Samaneh Rashidi ◽  
Masoud Kalantari
Keyword(s):  
Osteochondritis Dissecans ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Functional Level ◽  
Drilling Technique ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
And Control

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of multiple drilling technique on therapeutic outcomes of patients with osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the knee. Methods: This controlled clinical trial was conducted on 24 patients aged 13 - 45 years with OCD types II and III according to the Dipaola classification and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessments. The patients were classified into two groups (n = 12), including multiple drilling and control. Assessments including radiographic examinations, Tegner-Lysholm knee score, knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS), and visual analog scale (VAS) were performed before, three, and six months after treatment (surgery or conservative) for all patients, and the results were compared between the two groups. Results: After three months, Lysholm score was “good” and “fair” in the intervention and control groups, respectively. After six months, this index was “excellent” in the intervention group and “poor” in the control group. The KOOS score was significantly higher, and pain intensity was significantly lower in the intervention group three and six months after follow-up (P < 0.05). The union was obtained in all patients of the intervention group in the last follow-up, and no surgical failure was reported in the patients. Conclusions: Significant improvements in the functional level and pain reduction were observed in patients treated with multiple drilling technique. Our results also showed high rates of union healing with low complication rates using multiple drilling technique.

scholarly journals Efficacy of four toothbrushes on removal of plaque with modified Bass technique in Dental Hygiene Students at Cali

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Castro ◽  
Claudia Corral ◽  
Felipe García ◽  
Pilar León ◽  
Carlos Humberto Martínez Cajas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Hygiene ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Dental Hygiene Students ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Clinical Advantage

Summary: Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of four different designed toothbrushes (Colgate Microsonic ®, Colgate Twister Fresh®, Colgate 360 Sensitive® y Colgate 360®) to determine the clinical advantage on removal of plaque using modified Bass technique in dental hygiene students in Cali. Methods: This is a controlled clinical trial to compare the efficacy of four toothbrushes designs with different tooth brushing methods in 200 female dental hygiene students with ages from 15 to 43. Control group used any tooth brushing technique whereas test group used modified Bass technique. Follow up was made daily for 21 days with O´Leary Plaque Index. Results: Colgate Twister Fresh® toothbrush had more probability to reduce plaque index at any time of follow up period than other toothbrushes. Modified Bass technique had more chance to reduce plaque than other techniques but with no significant differences. Conclusions: there were no statistically significant differences between tooth brush techniques. None of the four designs of studied toothbrushes showed differences in regard to plaque elimination. Key words: Manual toothbrushes. Modified Bass tooth brushing technique. Dental plaque control. Oral hygiene practices.

scholarly journals A Comparative Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory and Antiplaque Efficacy of Citrus Sinesis Mouthwash and Chlorhexidine Mouthwash

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Aritra Mandal ◽  
Balaji Manohar ◽  
Neema Shetty ◽  
Aditi Mathur ◽  
Barkha Makhijani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Gingival Inflammation ◽  
Group I ◽  
Mouth Wash

Background: Citrus sinesis belongs to Rutaceae family is an enriched source of vitamin C, flavonoid compounds and antioxidants are helpful in reducing inflammation. Few in-vitro studies the ethanolic extract of orange peels has successfully reduced periodontal pathogens which has influenced us to prepare a mouth wash with ethanolic extract of orange peel. Aim: To evaluate and compare the effect of indigenously prepared 4% ethanolic extract of Citrus sinseis (Orange peel) mouthwash to commercially available 0.2% Chlorhexidine mouthwash as an anti-plaque agent. Materials and Methods: Twenty subjects in the age group of 18-60 years with moderate to severe gingivitis were divided into two equal groups. Clinical parameters like Plaque Index, Sulcus Bleeding Index and Gingival Index were recorded at baseline, 7th and 14th day respectively. Following oral prophylaxis Group-I (n= 10) subjects were instructed to rinse twice daily with 10ml of 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash and Group-II (n= 10) subjects were instructed to rinse twice daily with 10ml of 4% ethanolic extract of Citrus sinesis mouthwash for 14 days. All the subjects were recalled on the 7th and 14th day for follow up to record the clinical parameters. Results: Citrus sinesis 4% mouthwash was seen to be as efficient as 0.2% Chlorhexidine in reducing Plaque Index and more effectively reducing gingival inflammation and gingival bleeding index. Conclusion: Citrus sinesis 4% mouthwash can be used for short term purpose without any potential side effects as an alternative to 0.2% Chlorhexidine mouthwash in reducing plaque and gingival inflammation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of clinical parameters related to methotrexate therapy in lichen planus

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Samaresh Chandra Hazra ◽  
Agha Masood Choudhury ◽  
Lubna Khondker ◽  
Md. Shirajul Islam Khan ◽  
Muhammad Munir Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Morning Dose ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
And Control

<p><strong>Background:</strong> For better management of lichen planus a clinical trial of oral methotrexate is necessary in ow· country. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate efficacy and safety ofmethotrexate therapy in the treatment of lichen planus.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> It was a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial conducted in the department of Dermatology and Venereology, BSMMU, Dhaka, from January 2009 to December 2010. Forty four patients of lichen planus were included in the study. Cases (group-A, n=23) were treated with methotrexate (10 mg) single morning dose and control (group-B, n=21) were treated with mini pulse betamethasone (5mg) single morning dose on 2 consecutive days during the period of 12 weeks. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Clinical parameters were measured by follow up clinical examination. Morphological lesion of lichen planus improved 95. 7% in group-A and only 28.6% improved in group-B. At the end of study 82.6% bad no complaints of itching in group-A and 100% had no complaints of itching in group-B. 16(69.6%) patients in group-A were completely cured clinically but 10(47.6%) in group-B. Anemia 3(14.2%) and edema 12(57.1 %) developed in group-B but none in group-A. In group-B, dyspepsia 15(71.4%), acne 10(47.6%),mooning face 8(38.1%), striae 8(38.1%) and hyper­trichosis 4(19.0%) developed but none in group-A lntermittenr diarrhoea, headache, nausea and fatigue complained in both groups of patients but the percentage of complaints was higher amog group-8 compared to group-A. Menstrual abnormality developed in group-B 5(71.4%) but none in group-A.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The overall adverse effects were less in group-A than group-B. Therefore, methotrexate can be used as an alternative safer option for the treatment of lichen planus.</p>

UJI PESTISIDA NABATI TERHADAP HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TANAMAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
MOKHAMAD IRFAN
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
And Control ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

The Loss of crop productivity can reach 30-35% if not use pesticide. The other hand, to use of pesticides can be caused environmental problems and human healthy. This research aims to develop biopesticides for pests and plant diseases. It was conducted at the PEM laboratory UIN Suska Riau and on land, from July to November 2015. The sourches were extracts from Andropogon nardus, Annona muricata leaves, Ageratum conyzoides, Piper aduncun fructus, Nicotiana tabacum leaves, Tinospora crispa, Azadirachta indica leaves, Allium sativum and Piper betle leaves. Each the source was macerated in alcohol 50% for 24 hours and then distilled at a temperature of 60 °C until all the alcohol evaporates. The experimental Design was complete random design with 7 treatments (control, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% and chemical pesticides as positif control) and 3 replicates. Parameters of the test biopesticides to disease performed in vitro with measure the resistance zones and for mealybugs and Gryllus assimilis in vivo with the pest mortality. Biopesticide test in vitro for the bacteria that causes carrot root rot has not been able to kill microbes. The mortality rate mealybugs begins before 1 hour observation at the treatment biopesticide concentration of 80%, 100% and control positif.  Provision of different concentrations of biopesticides, does not the increased mortality of Gryllus assimilis. This shows that the power to kill biopesticide still well below chemical pesticides, but the pest is still alive no appetite as antifeedant effect of the biopesticide. So biopesticide application does not have to kill the target pest. Need  follow-up and development of this research and other pests.

Research Participation Experiences of Informants of Suicide and Control Cases

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 238-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. C. Wong ◽  
Wincy S. C. Chan ◽  
Philip S. L. Beh ◽  
Fiona W. S. Yau ◽  
Paul S. F. Yip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Research Participation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Autopsy Study ◽  
The People ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Background: Ethical issues have been raised about using the psychological autopsy approach in the study of suicide. The impact on informants of control cases who participated in case-control psychological autopsy studies has not been investigated. Aims: (1) To investigate whether informants of suicide cases recruited by two approaches (coroners’ court and public mortuaries) respond differently to the initial contact by the research team. (2) To explore the reactions, reasons for participation, and comments of both the informants of suicide and control cases to psychological autopsy interviews. (3) To investigate the impact of the interviews on informants of suicide cases about a month after the interviews. Methods: A self-report questionnaire was used for the informants of both suicide and control cases. Telephone follow-up interviews were conducted with the informants of suicide cases. Results: The majority of the informants of suicide cases, regardless of the initial route of contact, as well as the control cases were positive about being approached to take part in the study. A minority of informants of suicide and control cases found the experience of talking about their family member to be more upsetting than expected. The telephone follow-up interviews showed that none of the informants of suicide cases reported being distressed by the psychological autopsy interviews. Limitations: The acceptance rate for our original psychological autopsy study was modest. Conclusions: The findings of this study are useful for future participants and researchers in measuring the potential benefits and risks of participating in similar sensitive research. Psychological autopsy interviews may be utilized as an active engagement approach to reach out to the people bereaved by suicide, especially in places where the postvention work is underdeveloped.

RELATED FACTORS TO RELAPSE IN DEPRESSED PATIENTS AFTER COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY DURING ONE YEAR PROSPECTIVE FOLLOW-UP

2011 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Nhu Minh Hang Tran ◽  
Huu Cat Nguyen ◽  
Dang Doanh Nguyen ◽  
Van Luong Ngo ◽  
Vu Hoang Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Relapse Rate ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
One Year

Objectives: To determine factors impact on the relapse in depressed patients treated with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) during one year follow-up. Materials and Methods: 80 depressed patients divided into two groups, group 1: included 40 patients treated with CBT; group 2: 40 patients on amitriptyline. Non-randomized controlled clinical trial, opened, longiditual and prospective research. Results and Conclusions: relapse rate after CBT during 1 year follow-up is 10% (compared to 25% in control group), related factors to relapse rate in depression after CBT are age and education. Shared predictors between 2 groups are severity and recurrence of depression. Key words: Depression, relapse, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

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