Treatment Success and User-Friendliness of An Electric Toothbrush App: A Pilot Study

Electronic and mobile health (eHealth/mHealth) are rapidly growing areas in medicine and digital technologies are gaining importance. In dentistry, digitalization is also an emerging topic, whereby more and more applications are being offered. As an example, using real-time feedback, digital application software (an app) was designed to help users brush their teeth more accurately. However, there is no data on the effectiveness and haptic of such apps. Therefore, a single-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial was designed: twenty volunteers received an electric toothbrush with an associated app to assess whether the app-assisted toothbrushing is better than without. After a short period of familiarization with the electric toothbrush, plaque index (O‘Leary et al. 1972) was recorded and subjects were assigned to the test (with app; n = 10) or the control group (no app; n = 10). At the end of the 2-week pilot study period, plaque was again assessed and participants in the test group completed a questionnaire about the app’s user-friendliness. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between the test and control groups. The plaque index improved on average by 8.5% points in the test and 4.7% points in the control group. Fifty percent of the test group participants were of the opinion that they had achieved better cleaning results and would recommend the app to others, although the app contributed only marginally to increased plaque removal. However, such apps may nevertheless be helpful as motivational tools, especially when tracking and monitoring cleaning data. Therefore, more development and research on this topic is indicated.

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Clinical and Immunological Efficacy of Mangosteen and Propolis Extracted Complex in Patients with Gingivitis: A Multi-Centered Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13082604 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 2604

Author(s):

Jin-Young Park ◽

Kyung-A Ko ◽

Ji-Yeong Lee ◽

Jae-Woon Oh ◽

Hyun-Chang Lim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Patient Reported Outcomes ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Control Groups ◽

Immunological Parameters ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Patient Reported ◽

And Control

Background: Mangosteen and propolis extracts (MAEC) have been potential therapeutic agents known to exhibit powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the clinical and immunological efficacy of MAEC as well as safety and patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) on gingivitis and incipient periodontitis. Methods: This study was performed on 104 patients diagnosed with gingivitis or incipient periodontitis. At baseline, the participants were randomly allocated to either the test group, with daily intake of a single capsule containing 194 mg of MAEC for eight weeks, or control group, with placebo. Clinical periodontal evaluation and immunological parameters from saliva and gingival sulcular fluid were assessed at baseline, four, and eight weeks. Individual PROMs were assessed by OHIP-14 questionnaires. Results: There was a significant difference of modified gingival index at four and eight weeks between the test and control groups. In the test group, crevicular interleukin (IL)-6 was reduced, and the salivary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 was increased after eight weeks. PROMs were improved up to four weeks compared to placebo. Conclusion: Oral administration of MAEC would have a potential to reduce gingival inflammation clinically and immunologically in the patients with gingivitis and incipient periodontitis.

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Immediate Loading of Implant-Supported Single Crowns after Conventional and Ultrasonic Implant Site Preparation: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/6817154 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Claudio Stacchi ◽

Teresa Lombardi ◽

Domenico Baldi ◽

Calogero Bugea ◽

Antonio Rapani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Test Group ◽

Site Preparation ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Marginal Bone Loss ◽

One Year ◽

And Control ◽

Implant Site Preparation ◽

Single Crowns

Aim. To compare implant survival rate and marginal bone loss (MBL) of immediately loaded single implants inserted by using ultrasonic implant site preparation (UISP) (test) and conventional rotary instrumentation (control). Methods. Two single implants were inserted for each patient: after randomization, test site was prepared by using an ultrasonic device (Piezosurgery Touch, Mectron, Italy) and control site was prepared by using the drills of the selected implant system (Premium AZT, Sweden & Martina, Italy), until reaching a final diameter of 3 mm in both groups. Identical implants (3.8x11.5 mm) were inserted in all sites at crestal level. Impressions were taken and screwed resin single crowns with platform-switched provisional abutments were delivered with 48 hours. Periapical radiographs were taken at provisional crown insertion (T0), 6 months (T1) and one year (T2) after prosthetic loading to measure MBL. All data were tested for normality and subsequently analyzed by paired samples t-test and forward multiple linear regression. Results. Forty-eight patients were treated in six centers with the insertion of ninety-six implants (48 test; 48 control). Four implants in four patients failed within the first six months of healing (two in test group; two in control group; no difference between groups). Forty patients (age 60.1±10.7 years; 22 female, 18 male) were included in the final analysis. Mean MBL after six months of loading was 1.39±1.03 mm in the test group and 1.42±1.16 mm in the control group (p>0.05) and after one year was 1.92±1.14 mm and 2.14±1.55 mm in test and control, respectively (p>0.05). Conclusions. No differences in survival rate and MBL were demonstrated between UISP and conventional site preparation with rotary instruments in immediately loaded dental implants: UISP, with its characteristics of enhanced surgical control and safety in proximity of delicate structures, may be used as a reliable alternative to the traditional drilling systems.

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Oral Hygiene in a Sample of Children/Adolescents Living in Family-Homes from the Province of Milan (Italy): A Pilot Study

Dentistry Journal ◽

10.3390/dj8020033 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 33 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alessandro Nota ◽

Floriana Bosco ◽

Shideh Ehsani ◽

Francesca Giugliano ◽

Giulia Moreo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Clinical Results ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Study Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Gender ◽

Oral Hygiene Instructions

Objective: This pilot study is a prospective controlled clinical trial, designed to evaluate the short-term clinical results (the plaque index) of an educational/motivational program for home oral hygiene, directed to children and adolescents who live in family-homes. Methods: The setting of the project was the province of Milan (Italy), where two family-homes were selected. The study group included 26 children (16 females and 10 males) aged between 7 and 15 years, of Italian nationality, from the family-home communities. The control group included 26 children (15 females and 11 males, aged between 7 and 15 years) of Italian nationality, matched for age and gender distribution with the study group, that were not in a socially disadvantaged condition. Collection of the plaque index (PI) was performed at t0. Then, all basic oral hygiene instructions were given to all children/adolescents and their educators. Education and motivation were repeated in the same way after 4–7 weeks (T1), and after 10–12 weeks (T2). The PI was taken also at T1 and T2. Results: An improvement in the PI was generally found in both groups, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups over time. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed a statistically significant effect of time [F (1, 52) = 90.73, p < 0.001], regardless of the assignment group, in consequence of which the plaque index presented a moderate and significant improvement. Conclusion: The present data confirm the validity of the educational/motivational program to improve oral hygiene in children/adolescents, regardless of the assignment group.

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EFFECT OF HERBAL TOOTHPASTE CONTAINING NEEM LEAVES EXTRACT (AZADIRACHTA INDICA) AGAINST GINGIVITIS: A CLINICAL STUDY

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s1.ar173 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 117-119

Author(s):

AMELIA PRISCILLA SUGIARTA ◽

ROBERT LESSANG ◽

NATALINA .

Keyword(s):

Clinical Study ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Test Group ◽

Tooth Brushing ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Neem Leaves ◽

And Control

Objective: Neem leaves are known to have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiseptic, antitumor, antihyperglycemic, antiulcer, andantiviral effects. In addition, they can reduce the counts of plaque-forming bacteria in the oral cavity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of anherbal toothpaste containing neem leaves extract against gingivitis.Methods: A total of 40 subjects were divided into two groups (n=20 each): Experimental and control. Those in the test group were instructed to brushtheir teeth twice a day for 7 days with neem leaves extract toothpaste, whereas the control group subjects were asked to continue with the non-herbalpaste they used for tooth brushing. Plaque index (PI) and papillary bleeding index (PBI) were measured on day 0 and day 7.Results: Significant reductions in PI and PBI were noted between the test and control groups.Conclusion: The findings of this clinical study provide evidence that neem leaf extracts are effective in reducing gingivitis.

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C – reactive protein in saliva of non-smoking patients with periodontitis (a pilot study)

Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.17532/jhsci.2021.1327 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zerina Hadžić ◽

Ivan Puhar

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Test Group ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Control Group ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Inflammatory Biomarker ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Before And After ◽

Oral Hygiene Instructions ◽

And Control

Introduction: C-reactive Protein (CRP) as an inflammatory biomarker can be easily determined in saliva, but the values of salivary CRP in periodontitis are not well-studied. The aim of this study was to analyze and determine the values of salivary CRP in non-smokers with periodontitis stage 3 or 4 before and after supragingival and subgingival full-mouth periodontal therapy.Methods: Standard periodontal parameters and saliva samples were collected in 12 non-smoking patients. Patients in the test group (n = 6) underwent supragingival and subgingival full-mouth periodontal therapy, and the control group (n = 6) received only supragingival full-mouth therapy. Both groups received the same oral hygiene instructions in addition to therapy. After 3 months, re-registration of periodontal parameters and re-sampling of saliva for analysis of salivary CRP were done for both groups.Results: Statistical analysis revealed large differences in the values of clinical periodontal parameters and CRP levels in the test group after therapy. Values of salivary CRP in the test and control groups were lower 3 months the therapy; however, the results were not statistically significant. The correlation of clinical periodontal parameters and salivary CRP varied in both groups.Conclusion: Our pilot study reveals decreased concentrations of salivary C-reactive protein in non-smoking patients following non-surgical periodontal therapy. Further studies are needed to prove the reliability of salivary CRP as a biomarker for periodontitis.

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Efficacy of Herbal Mouthwash with Extracts of Coriandrum Sativum, Mint and Clove in the Treatment of Chronic Gingivitis- A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i39b32180 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 59-63

Author(s):

Sneha Puri ◽

Mahvash Fatema ◽

Akhilesh Shewale ◽

Rashmi Bele

Keyword(s):

Test Group ◽

Coriandrum Sativum ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Control Groups ◽

The Mean ◽

Mechanical Therapy ◽

And Control ◽

Antibiotic Agents ◽

Experimental Group

Introduction: Herbal antiseptic or antibiotic agents are introduced very widely that are effective against plaque microorganisms for the healing of gingival and periodontal tissue. However, none of literature has shown antibacterial effect of coriandrum sativum, clove and mint on the levels of dental plaque when used as a mouthwash. Aim: To assess the efficacy of a newly formulated mouthwash containing Coriandrum sativum, mint and clove to reduce plaque and inflammation to maintain the oral hygiene. Methodology: Twenty systemically healthy patients were randomly allocated to either the test group [G1(coriandrm sativum, mint,clove = 10 patients)] or the control group [G2 (Placebo gel = 10 patients]. Full mouth Gingival Index (GI); Full mouth Plaque Index (PI) was evaluated at baseline and on 14 and 21st day. Result: The mean reduction in PI from 2.28 to 0.85 and 2.13 to 1.21 was noted in the experimental and control groups, respectively. The experimental group (2.21–0.76) comparatively showed better reduction in mean PBI than the control group (2.17–1.29). The results obtained were statistically significant at baseline and 14th and 21st day in all the groups. Remarkable improvement was noted from baseline to 14th and 21st day in all the groups. Conclusion: The encouraging results of our study suggest that the newly formulated mouthwash containing coriandrum Sativum, mint and clove demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties, which may be useful as an adjunctive to mechanical therapy in the prevention and treatment of gingivitis.

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Efficacy of Subgingival Air Polishing in Patients with Aggressive Periodontitis

Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine ◽

10.1515/bjdm-2016-0024 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 149-154

Author(s):

N. Trtić ◽

A. Bošnjak ◽

R. Arbutina ◽

Ž. Kojić ◽

V. Veselinović

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Test Group ◽

Aggressive Periodontitis ◽

Root Surface ◽

Control Group ◽

Periodontal Tissue ◽

Air Polishing ◽

Short Period ◽

And Control

Summary Background: Aggressive periodontitis is one of the most severe forms of periodontal disease, resulting in the destruction of junctional epithelium and alveolar bone around teeth in a very short period of time. The early diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis and timely therapy is of outmost importance in controlling the progress of the disease.Application of the techniques of subgingival air polishing of periodontal pockets (pflow) with glycine powder has contributed to reduce damage to the root surface of the teeth and surrounding soft tissue.Aim: The goal of this paper was to determine the effectiveness of two different types of subgingival air polishing therapy for the periodontal tissue status at the patients with aggressive periodontitis.Methods and materials: the study included 46 patients of both sexes diagnosed with aggressive peridontitis. The patients were divided into two groups: test group (PFLOW), and control group (sonic SRP). The size of the destruction of periodontal tissue was estimated by CAL and assessment of oral hygiene and gingival inflammation was performed using FMPS and FMBS.Results: Monitored indexes values in both groups were reduced.Conclusion: Subgingival air polishing showed equally good results as the SRP, while pflow was more advantageous with respect to patients acceptability, time usability and safety for the soft tissue.

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Efficacy of four toothbrushes on removal of plaque with modified Bass technique in Dental Hygiene Students at Cali

Revista Estomatología ◽

10.25100/re.v16i2.5678 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Pedro Castro ◽

Claudia Corral ◽

Felipe García ◽

Pilar León ◽

Carlos Humberto Martínez Cajas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Hygiene ◽

Test Group ◽

Tooth Brushing ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Dental Hygiene Students ◽

Hygiene Practices ◽

Clinical Advantage

Summary: Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of four different designed toothbrushes (Colgate Microsonic ®, Colgate Twister Fresh®, Colgate 360 Sensitive® y Colgate 360®) to determine the clinical advantage on removal of plaque using modified Bass technique in dental hygiene students in Cali. Methods: This is a controlled clinical trial to compare the efficacy of four toothbrushes designs with different tooth brushing methods in 200 female dental hygiene students with ages from 15 to 43. Control group used any tooth brushing technique whereas test group used modified Bass technique. Follow up was made daily for 21 days with O´Leary Plaque Index. Results: Colgate Twister Fresh® toothbrush had more probability to reduce plaque index at any time of follow up period than other toothbrushes. Modified Bass technique had more chance to reduce plaque than other techniques but with no significant differences. Conclusions: there were no statistically significant differences between tooth brush techniques. None of the four designs of studied toothbrushes showed differences in regard to plaque elimination. Key words: Manual toothbrushes. Modified Bass tooth brushing technique. Dental plaque control. Oral hygiene practices.

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Microcurrent application as analgesic treatment in venous ulcers: a pilot study

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/s0104-11692012000400016 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 753-760 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Raciele Ivandra Guarda Korelo ◽

Silvia Valderramas ◽

Bruno Ternoski ◽

Danilo Sanches Medeiros ◽

Letícia Fernandes Andres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Analgesic Treatment ◽

Ulcer Area ◽

Venous Ulcers ◽

Graph Paper ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Single Blind

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of microcurrent electrical stimulation on pain and area of venous ulcers. In a pilot study for a single-blind controlled clinical trial, carried out at an outpatient clinic during four weeks, 14 subjects with venous ulcers (mean age 62±9 years) were divided in two groups: microcurrent (n=8) and control group (n=6). Pain (by Visual Analogue Scale) and the ulcer area were measured by planimetry. There was a significant difference between the two groups with respect to pain (microcurrent group from 8.5 (6.5-9.75) to 3.5 (1-4.75) and control group from 7.5 (5.75-10) to 8.5 (5.5-10), p<0.01). Non-significant changes were found with respect to ulcer area (planimetry by graph paper, p=0.41 and by Image J®, p=0.41). In conclusion, the application of microcurrent improves the pain of patients with venous ulcers (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01372020).

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Microbiological Evaluation of Ozone on Dentinal Lesions in Young Permanent Molars using the Stepwise Excavation

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/1053-4628-42.1.3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 11-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Osama Safwat ◽

Mona Elkateb ◽

Karin Dowidar ◽

Hala Abdel Salam ◽

Omar El Meligy

Keyword(s):

Base Material ◽

Test Group ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Mutans Streptococci ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Microbial Count ◽

Stepwise Excavation ◽

Permanent Molars ◽

And Control

Aim: To assess the microbial effect of ozone gas on dentinal lesions in young permanent molars using the stepwise excavation. Study design: An experimental, controlled clinical trial was performed. The sample included 80 immature first permanent molars, showing deep occlusal carious cavities that were indicated for stepwise excavation. Following first step of dentin excavation, the sample was divided into test (ozone gas) and control (calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) base material) groups. One half of the cases in each group were evaluated for microbiological changes after 6 months, and the other half after 12 months. Results: Mutans streptococci (MS), Lactobacilli, and Candida counts were significantly reduced immediately after ozone application in the test group (P ≤0.05). At the final assessment period, MS and Lactobacilli were significantly reduced in the test group (P ≤0.05). Meanwhile, the Candida counts were significantly reduced only in the test group of the 6 and 12 month-cases (P ≤0.05). Regarding the control group, the significant reduction in microbial count was observed with MS after 6 and 12 months (P ≤0.05). No significant differences were observed between test and control groups at different evaluation periods (P >0.05). Conclusions: Ozone gas had a significant antimicrobial effect in deep class I carious lesions.

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