scholarly journals Color and translucency stability of CAD/CAM restorative materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. e224265
Author(s):  
Rafaelo Fagundes Dalforno ◽  
Maria Luiza Auzani ◽  
Camila Pauleski Zucuni ◽  
Camila da Silva Rodrigues ◽  
Liliana Gressler May
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Average Roughness ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Color Alteration ◽  
Diamond Paste

Aim: This study assessed the color and translucency stability of a polymer infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) and compared it with a resin composite (RC) and a feldspathic ceramic (FEL). Methods: Disc-shaped samples of a PICN (Vita Enamic), a feldspathic ceramic (Vitablocks Mark II), and a resin composite (Brava block) were prepared from CAD/CAM blocks. PICN and RC surfaces were finished with a sequence of polishing discs and diamond paste. FEL samples received a glaze layer. The samples were subjected to 30-min immersions in red wine twice a day for 30 days. CIEL*a*b* coordinates were assessed with a spectrophotometer at baseline and after 15 and 30 days of immersion. Color alteration (ΔE00) and translucency parameter (TP00) were calculated with CIEDE2000. Average roughness was measured before the staining procedures. Color difference and translucency data were analyzed with repeated-measures ANOVA and Tukey’s tests. Roughness was analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Roughness was similar among the experimental groups. All materials had their color alteration significantly increased from 15 to 30 days of staining. PICN reached an intermediate ΔE00 between FEL and RC at 15 days. PICN revealed a color alteration as high as the composite after 30 days. No statistical difference was observed regarding translucency. Conclusion: PICN was not as color stable as the feldspathic ceramic at the end of the study. Its color alteration was comparable to the resin composite when exposed to red wine. However, the translucency of the tested materials was stable throughout the 30-day staining.

scholarly journals Effect of Brushing Time and Dentifrice Abrasiveness on Color Change and Surface Roughness of Resin Composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourenço de Moraes Rego Roselino ◽  
Michelle Alexandra Chinelatti ◽  
Carla Cecilia Alandia-Román ◽  
Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Healthy Individual ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
Initial Color

Abstract: Dentifrice abrasiveness and brushing time may increase color change (∆E) and surface roughness (∆Ra) of resin composites. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mechanical brushing time of dentifrices with different abrasiveness on ∆E and ∆Ra of nanofilled (Z350, 3M ESPE) and nanohybrid (Tetric N-Ceram, Ivoclar Vivadent) resin composites. Sixteen specimens (12 mm diameter x 2 mm thick) were fabricated using a white Teflon matrix of each resin composite and a ceramic (IPS e.max Ceram, Ivoclar Vivadent), used as control. After initial color readouts on white backgrounds (Spectrophotometer PCB 6807, Byk Gardner), with D65 standard illuminant, and surface roughness (Rugosimeter Surfcorder SE 1700, Kosalab) with cut-off=0.8 mm and speed=0.25 mm/s, specimens were assigned (n=8) according to the abrasiveness of the dentifrices: RDA* 68 (Colgate) and RDA* 180 (Colgate Total Plus Whitening). Specimens were submitted to mechanical brushing (58,400 cycles) and after every 14,600 cycles (1 year of brushing by a healthy individual), new color and surface roughness readouts were taken. Color stability was calculated by CIEDE2000. Data were analyzed by 3-way repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni test (p<0.05), and demonstrated that the dentifrice abrasiveness (p=0.02) and brushing time (p<0.0001) affected the ∆E of nanofilled resin composite. There was no difference on surface roughness of materials (p=0.6752) or brushing time (p=0.7997). In conclusion, the longer the brushing time and dentifrice abrasiveness, the greater the color change of the nanofilled resin composite. The surface roughness was not influenced by dentifrice abrasiveness.

Five-year Randomized Clinical Trial on the Performance of Two Etch-and-rinse Adhesives in Noncarious Cervical Lesions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
TP Matos ◽  
TA Hanzen ◽  
R Almeida ◽  
C Tardem ◽  
MC Bandeca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Marginal Adaptation ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Single Bond ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Etch And Rinse

SUMMARY Objectives: To evaluate the 5-year clinical performance of two-step etch-and-rinse adhesives in noncarious cervical lesions (NCCL). Methods and Materials: The sample comprised 35 adults with at least two similar-sized NCCL. Seventy restorations were placed, according to one of the following groups: Adper Single Bond 2 (SB) and Ambar (AM). The restorations were placed incrementally using a resin composite (Opallis). The restorations were evaluated at baseline and after 6 and 18 months and 5 years using some items of the FDI criteria. The differences in the ratings of the two materials after 6 months, 18 months, and 5 years were performed with Friedman repeated measures ANOVA by rank and McNemar test for significance in each pair (α=0.05). Results: Five patients did not attend the 60-month recall. No significant differences were observed between the materials for any criteria evaluated. Twenty-one restorations failed (12 for SB and 9 for AM) after 60 months. Thus, the retention rate for SB at 60 months were 55.6% for SB and 71% for AM (p=0.32). After 60 months, 12 restorations (6 for SB and 6 AM) showed some loss of marginal adaptation (p=1.0). Slight marginal discoloration was observed in 10 restorations (6 for SB and 4 AM; p=0.91). Five restorations (2 for SB and 3 for AM) showed recurrences of caries (p=1.0). Conclusions: Both two-step etch-and-rinse adhesives—Adper Single Bond 2, a polyalkenoic acid-containing adhesive, and Ambar, a 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-containing adhesive—showed acceptable clinical performance after 60 months.

Surface roughness, gloss and color change of different composites after exposure to ultimate challenges

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Cleidiel Aparecido Araujo Lemos ◽  
Silvio José Mauro ◽  
André Luiz Fraga Briso ◽  
Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires de Souza ◽  
Maria Fidela de Lima Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Mechanical Degradation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Test Color

Aim: The study aimed to investigate the effect of the association of chemical and mechanical degradation on the surface roughness, gloss and color of nano and microfilled composites. Method: Disc-shaped specimens (n=10) were prepared for three nanocomposites (Filtek Z350XT, IPS Empress Direct, Charisma Diamond) and three microfilled composites (Estelite Σ Quick, Durafill VS, Renamel). After polishing, baseline surface roughness, gloss and color measurements were obtained. Specimens were submitted subsequently to the following challenges: chemical for 1 week (Hydrochloric acid, Coca-Cola and Red Wine) and mechanical (Toothbrushing). Surface roughness and gloss data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn’s test. Color difference (ΔE) was analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test. Results: The initial data were compared with those after challenges using the Wilcoxon test (p<0.05). All composites showed a significant increase (p<0.05) of surface roughness, after overstress. Filtek Z350 XT and Renamel had the lowest final surface roughness values and roughness increase (p<0.05). The comparative analysis revealed that Estelite Σ Quick and Renamel did not significantly change the gloss after challenges (p=0.185). Filtek Z350 XT and IPS Empress Direct had higher color variations, after the challenges than the other resins (p<0.05). Conclusion: Chemical and mechanical challenges influence on characteristics of all composites, except for gloss on Estelite Σ Quick and Renamel composites.

scholarly journals Effect of Artificial Aging Protocols on Surface Gloss of Resin Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Santos Rocha ◽  
Amanda Carvalho Oliveira ◽  
Taciana Marco Ferraz Caneppele ◽  
Eduardo Bresciani
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Artificial Aging ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Surface Gloss ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Reduced Surface

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of aging protocols on surface gloss of composites. Cylindrical resin composite specimens (6 mm in diameter, 1 mm thick) were fabricated and divided into three groups (N=60): microfilled (MiFi), nanohybrid (NaHy), and nanofilled (NaFi). Specimens were distributed into four aging subgroups: thermocycling (5° to 55°C, 15,000 cycles); ethanol immersion (15 days); brushing (10,750 cycles); and light aging (216 h). Surface gloss readings (Novo-Curve, Rhopoint TM, England) were performed at baseline (R0) and after every one-third of aging protocols (R1 to R3). Data were submitted to one-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey’s test (5%). Overall, surface gloss alterations were detected over time (p<0.001). Thermocycling reduced surface gloss, except for NaHy. Ethanol immersion resulted in surface gloss reduction after R1 for MiFi and NaFi, while reduction after R1 and R2 was detected for NaHy. For brushing, gloss reduction was detected after R1 and R3 for all composites. For light aging, gloss was reduced after R1 and R2 for MiFi and NaFi, while a reduction only after R1 was detected for NaHy. The studied aging protocols affect surface gloss differently, being material and aging therapy dependent. In general, the surface gloss is reduced with aging.

scholarly journals Decomposition Rate, pH, and Enamel Color Alteration of At-Home and In-Office Bleaching Agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Cavalli ◽  
Bruna Guerra da Silva ◽  
Sandrine Bittencourt Berger ◽  
Fabiano Carlos Marson ◽  
Cinthia Pereira Machado Tabchoury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Color Alteration ◽  
At Home

Abstract This study evaluated the decomposition rate (DR), pH, enamel color alteration (DE) and whiteness index (DWI) promoted by at-home and in-office bleaching. Enamel surface was submitted to (n=10): at-home (10%, 15%, 20% carbamide peroxide - CP, 6% hydrogen peroxide -HP) and three 35% HP agents with light irradiation (LED, laser, and halogen) or no treatment (control). The DR and pH of agents were measured after 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h (at-home) or after 5, 15, 20, 30 and 40 min (in-office). Color parameters (L*, a*, b*, DE, DWI) were determined at baseline and after bleaching. DR, pH, L*, a*, b* data were analyzed by one-way (at-home) or two-way (in-office) repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey test. DE and DWI, by one-way (at-home) or two-way (in-office) ANOVA and Tukey test. DR of at-home agents was similar after 6 and 8 h (p>0.05), with pH close to neutral (6.5 to 6.9, CP) or acid 5.9 (6% HP). From 4 to 8 h, DE was higher for 15% and 20% CP compared with 10% CP (p<0.05). After 40 min, DR of 35% HP agents was similar and all exhibited significant DE in one application (p<0.05), regardless light irradiation. DWI indicated whitening effect with no differences among groups (p>0.05). One 35% HP showed alkaline pH, and the others, pH < 5.5. At-home agents could be applied for 2 h (15%, 20% CP, 6% HP) and 4 h (10% CP) and the in-office agents, up to 40 min in one application, without light.

scholarly journals Impact of storage media and temperature on color stability of tooth-colored CAD/CAM materials for final restorations

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 228080001983683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Liebermann ◽  
Dirk Vehling ◽  
Marlis Eichberger ◽  
Bogna Stawarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Red Wine ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Solution

Background: This in-vitro study examined the impact of storage solution, storage duration, and storage temperature on discoloration of three tooth-colored CAD/CAM materials for final restorations. Methods: Specimens ( N = 288; n = 96 per material) with a thickness of 1 ± 0.03 mm of the following CAD/CAM materials were fabricated: resin composite (Lava Ultimate, 3M), polymer-infiltrated ceramic (VITA Enamic, VITA Zahnfabrik), and leucite ceramic (IPS Empress CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent). After baseline measurement, specimens were stored in red wine, curry solution, cress solution, and distilled water at 37°C or 55°C. The discoloration was measured using a spectrophotometer (Lambda 35 Perkin Elmer, Perkin Elmer Inc.) after 1 and 7 days storage. Data were analyzed using four-way ANOVA followed by the Scheffé post-hoc test and partial eta squared ( ηP²) test ( p < 0.05). Results: The highest influence on ∆ E was exerted by storage duration ( ηP² = 0.295, p < 0.001), followed by storage solution ( ηP² = 0.171, p < 0.001), CAD/CAM material ( ηP² = 0.049, p < 0.001), and storage temperature ( ηP² = 0.033, p < 0.001). Specimens stored for 7 days in staining solutions showed more discoloration than those stored for just 1 day. Higher ∆ E values were achieved for specimens stored in curry solution, followed by red wine, cress solution, and distilled water. Resin composite Lava Ultimate showed larger ∆ E values compared with the resin hybrid ceramic VITA Enamic and leucite ceramic IPS Empress CAD. Specimens stored at 37°C showed significantly less discoloration than those stored at 55°C. Conclusions: The degree of coloration of the materials depends on food and temperature and was most pronounced with Lava Ultimate.

scholarly journals INTERVAL VERSUS CONTINUOUS SMALL-SIDED SOCCER GAMES WITH SAME PITCH SIZE AND NUMBER OF PLAYERS

2019 ◽  
pp. 631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Yücesoy ◽  
Nurtekin Erkmen ◽  
Samet Aktas ◽  
Faruk Güven ◽  
Mehmet Durmaz
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
System A

The aim of the study compared effects of intermittent and continuous small-sided games (SSGs) on physiological and technical activities in soccer players. Totally 16 male amateur soccer players (Mean age: 22.37±1.69 years, height: 170.89±5.96 cm and body mass: 67.37±7.47 kg) were recruited as participants. Subjects were separated in 4 groups of 4 players according to the Yo-Yo test results and their coaches' comments. Four-a-side SSGs were used in a pitch size of 26 m x 34 m and 2 different small-sided games were used in this study. Intermittent SSG (ISSG) included a series of 3 bouts of 6 min duration with 3 min recovery between sets. Continuous SSG (CSSG) was a bout of 18 min duration with no recovery. Heart rate (HR), the rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and blood lactate concentration (LA) were measured as physical parameters and shoot on target, total pass, accurate pass, inaccurate pass, interception, dribbling, tackle, and possessing the ball were counted by Mathball Match Analyses System. A repeated measures ANOVA method, paired and unpaired tests were used to analyses data. The results of this study suggest that SSGs might cause increases of HR, RPE, and LA and that intermittent and continuous SSGs might not bring about an alteration on HR, RPE and LA.

Vestibular Function and Motion Sickness Susceptibility: Videonystagmographic Evidence From Oculomotor and Caloric Tests

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-198
Author(s):  
Cynthia G. Fowler ◽  
Margaret Dallapiazza ◽  
Kathleen Talbot Hadsell
Keyword(s):  
Phase Velocity ◽  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Vestibular Function ◽  
Slow Phase ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Slow Phase Velocity ◽  
Caloric Tests

Purpose Motion sickness (MS) is a common condition that affects millions of individuals. Although the condition is common and can be debilitating, little research has focused on the vestibular function associated with susceptibility to MS. One causal theory of MS is an asymmetry of vestibular function within or between ears. The purposes of this study, therefore, were (a) to determine if the vestibular system (oculomotor and caloric tests) in videonystagmography (VNG) is associated with susceptibility to MS and (b) to determine if these tests support the theory of an asymmetry between ears associated with MS susceptibility. Method VNG was used to measure oculomotor and caloric responses. Fifty young adults were recruited; 50 completed the oculomotor tests, and 31 completed the four caloric irrigations. MS susceptibility was evaluated with the Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire–Short Form; in this study, percent susceptibility ranged from 0% to 100% in the participants. Participants were divided into three susceptibility groups (Low, Mid, and High). Repeated-measures analyses of variance and pairwise comparisons determined significance among the groups on the VNG test results. Results Oculomotor test results revealed no significant differences among the MS susceptibility groups. Caloric stimuli elicited responses that were correlated positively with susceptibility to MS. Slow-phase velocity was slowest in the Low MS group compared to the Mid and High groups. There was no significant asymmetry between ears in any of the groups. Conclusions MS susceptibility was significantly and positively correlated with caloric slow-phase velocity. Although asymmetries between ears are purported to be associated with MS, asymmetries were not evident. Susceptibility to MS may contribute to interindividual variability of caloric responses within the normal range.

One Size Fits All?

Methodology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel C. Voelkle ◽  
Patrick E. McKnight
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Type I Error ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Type I ◽  
Finite Sample ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Latent Curve

The use of latent curve models (LCMs) has increased almost exponentially during the last decade. Oftentimes, researchers regard LCM as a “new” method to analyze change with little attention paid to the fact that the technique was originally introduced as an “alternative to standard repeated measures ANOVA and first-order auto-regressive methods” (Meredith & Tisak, 1990, p. 107). In the first part of the paper, this close relationship is reviewed, and it is demonstrated how “traditional” methods, such as the repeated measures ANOVA, and MANOVA, can be formulated as LCMs. Given that latent curve modeling is essentially a large-sample technique, compared to “traditional” finite-sample approaches, the second part of the paper addresses the question to what degree the more flexible LCMs can actually replace some of the older tests by means of a Monte-Carlo simulation. In addition, a structural equation modeling alternative to Mauchly’s (1940) test of sphericity is explored. Although “traditional” methods may be expressed as special cases of more general LCMs, we found the equivalence holds only asymptotically. For practical purposes, however, no approach always outperformed the other alternatives in terms of power and type I error, so the best method to be used depends on the situation. We provide detailed recommendations of when to use which method.

Effect of Different Dentifrices, Bleaching with 35% Hydrogen Peroxide, and Red Wine on Surface Color and Roughness of Bovine Enamel

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Garcia ◽  
WF Vieira-Junior ◽  
JD Theobaldo ◽  
NIP Pini ◽  
GM Ambrosano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Generalized Linear Models ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Surface Color ◽  
Dental Bleaching ◽  
Surface Alteration ◽  
Bovine Enamel

Objective: To evaluate color and roughness of bovine enamel exposed to dentifrices, dental bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP), and erosion/staining by red wine. Methods: Bovine enamel blocks were exposed to: artificial saliva (control), Oral-B Pro-Health (stannous fluoride with sodium fluoride, SF), Sensodyne Repair & Protect (bioactive glass, BG), Colgate Pro-Relief (arginine and calcium carbonate, AR), or Chitodent (chitosan, CHI). After toothpaste exposure, half (n=12) of the samples were bleached (35% HP), and the other half were not (n=12). The color (CIE L*a* b*, ΔE), surface roughness (Ra), and scanning electron microscopy were evaluated. Color and roughness were assessed at baseline, post-dentifrice and/or -dental bleaching, and after red wine. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) (ΔE) for repeated measures (Ra), followed by Tukey ́s test. The L*, a*, and b* values were analyzed by generalized linear models (a=0.05). Results: The HP promoted an increase in Ra values; however, the SF, BG, and AR did not enable this alteration. After red wine, all groups apart from SF (unbleached) showed increases in Ra values; SF and AR promoted decreases in L* values; AR demonstrated higher ΔE values, differing from the control; and CHI decreased the L* variation in the unbleached group. Conclusion: Dentifrices did not interfere with bleaching efficacy of 35% HP. However, dentifrices acted as a preventive agent against surface alteration from dental bleaching (BG, SF, and AR) or red wine (SF). Dentifrices can decrease (CHI) or increase (AR and SF) staining by red wine.

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