Ketamine Versus Tramadol Effectiveness as Postoperative Oral Analgesics on Pediatric Patients Age 5-10 Years in Elective Surgery at Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya

Introduction: The use of ketamine and tramadol as postoperative analgesics for pediatric are still relatively rare, especially orally administrated. As an analgesic, ketamine blocks the NMDA receptor, the main excitatory transmitter in CNS; whereas tramadol blocks serotonin and norepinephrine uptake, thus preventing pain transmission on the spinal cord. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of oral ketamine and oral tramadol as analgesics for postoperative acute pain in children. Method: A double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted at Dr. Soetomo Hospital. The hospital ethical committee had approved this study. The subject includes thirty children aged 5-10 years old who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. They were divided into either ketamine groups or the tramadol group, in which each group consisting of fifteen patients. The regimen dosage that been given was 2mg/kg tramadol and ketamine as postoperative oral analgesics in the form of simple syrup. The FLACC table was used to evaluate pain score before and after administration of drugs (30-minutes, 1-hour, 2-hours, 3-hours, 4-hours, and at discharge from the recovery room). Result and Discussion: Based on the quantitative parameter of the FLACC (scale 0-10), there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the first-hour postoperative administration and patient discharge from the recovery room. The patient of ketamine group had far lower FLACC value compared to the tramadol group. Rescue analgesics in the form of intravenous fentanyl were given to one patient (6.7%) in the ketamine group and four patients (26.7%) in the tramadol group. Conclusion: Ketamine proved to be a better and more effective postoperative oral analgesic compared to tramadol in this study.

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Rehydration with a Caffeinated Beverage during the Nonexercise Periods of 3 Consecutive Days of 2-a-Day Practices

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism ◽

10.1123/ijsnem.14.4.419 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 419-429 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Kelly A. Fiala ◽

Douglas J. Casa ◽

Melissa W. Roti

Keyword(s):

Body Fat ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Double Blind ◽

Psychological Measures ◽

Mild Heat ◽

Urine Color ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Time Point

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of rehydration with a caffeinated beverage during non exercise periods on hydration status throughout consecutive practices in the heat. Ten (7 women, 3 men) partially heat-acclimated athletes (age 24 ± ly, body fat 19.2 ± 2%, weight 68.4 ± 4.0 kg, height 170 ± 3 cm) completed 3 successive days of 2-a-day practices (2 h/ practice, 4 h/d) in mild heat (WBGT = 23 °C). The 2 trials (double-blind, random, cross-over design) included; 1) caffeine (CAF) rehydrated with Coca-Cola® and 2) caffeine-free (CF) rehydrated with Caffeine-Free Coca-Cola®. Urine and psychological measures were determined before and after each 2-h practice. A significant difference was found for urine color for the post-AM time point, F = 5.526, P = 0.031. No differences were found among other variables (P > 0.05). In summary, there is little evidence to suggest that the use of beverages containing caffeine during non exercise might hinder hydration status.

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The Effect of Extract Supplements of Moringa Oleifera Leaves Plus Royal Jelly on Hemoglobin (Hb) Levels of Anemia Pregnant Mother in Takalar Regency

International Journal Papier Advance and Scientific Review ◽

10.47667/ijpasr.v1i2.31 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 22-29

Author(s):

Yulni Yulni ◽

Veni Hadju ◽

Burhanuddin Bahar ◽

Citrakesumasari Citrakesumasari ◽

Rahayu Indriasari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Royal Jelly ◽

P Value ◽

Double Blind ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

The Difference ◽

Double Blind Design

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract supplements, Moringa oleifera leaf extract plus royal jelly and placebo on hemoglobin levels in anemic pregnant women. This research is a randomized controlled double blind design study which was conducted in Polombangkeng Utara District, Takalar Regency for 2 months. The subjects of this study were pregnant women with anemia, the majority of which were 20-35 years old, primigravida parity, income less than UMR, unemployment, higher education, pregnancy distance of more than 2 years with p value> 0.05. Then divided into three groups, namely Moringa capsules plus royal jelly (KRJ) (n = 24), Moringa capsules (KTR) (n = 24) and placeco (PLC) (n = 21). Before and after the intervention, measurements of hemoglobin levels were carried out using the Hemocue tool and interviewing the characteristics of the respondents. The results showed that the average Hb level increased from each group (mean SD): KRJ 10.06 ± 0.75 to 11.42 ± 1.23, P = 0.001, KTR 10.40 ± 0.46 to 11.15 ± 0 , 90 P = 0.001 and PLC 10.43 ± 0.42 becomes 11.14 ± 0.88 P = 0.002. but there was no significant difference from the difference in the average increase in Hb levels in the three groups, but there was a tendency that KRJ was superior to the KTR and PLC groups with an increase of 1.36 gr / dl, KTR 0.75 gr / dl and PLC 0.71 gr / dl. So it can be concluded that KRJ is better than KTR and PLC in increasing Hb levels in anemic pregnant women in Takalar Regency.

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Implementation of Imaginative Sugestion Method by Using Audio Visual Media in Learning Poetry Writing

Alinea: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajaran ◽

10.35194/alinea.v2i1.500 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 28

Author(s):

Andri Firman Budiansah

Keyword(s):

Research Design ◽

Visual Media ◽

T Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Poetry Writing ◽

Before And After ◽

Post Test ◽

The Subject ◽

Audio Media

The research is led by the problems on student’s skill in writing poetry in eight grade SMPN 3 Cipanas cianjur. Imaginative suggestion method with audio visual media does not only create comfortable atmosphere but also give suggestion that develop students amaginative skill. The research design used in this study is One Group Pre-test Post-test. The design is aimed to find out the result of the subject and to show how well the final results of each subject. Based on the results, it is shown that there is a significant difference of students’ ability of writing poetry before and after using Imaginative Suggestion method With Visual-Audio Media, it is proven by calculation with t-test obtained t arithmetic is 2.68 and t table price t 0,05 ie 2.04. it shows that t count (2.68)> t table (2.04). Then it can be concluded that the results of implementing Imaginative Suggestion method With Visual-Audio Media on Poetry Writing is effective.Keywords: imaginative suggestion method, audio-visual media, poetry writing

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The Effect of the Covid-19 Free Operation Path Protocol on the Incidence of Lung Complications in Postoperative Elective Patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta

BioScientia Medicina ◽

10.32539/bsm.v5i11.369 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. 1030-1036

Author(s):

Galih Aktama ◽

Henky Agung Nugroho ◽

Muhammad David Perdana Putra

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Elective Surgery ◽

Pulmonary Complications ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Elective Surgical Procedures ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Elective Patients

The pandemic that began in late 2019, COVID-19, affects all patients, including cancer patients. Patients with cancer that continues to spread and there is no other effective alternative treatment must undergo surgery so that cancer does not get worse. Given this problem, many health care centers have developed a protocol system in the form of a COVID-19-free surgical route. This study is a retrospective cohort study comparing the incidence of pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery at dr. Moewardi Surakarta before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study sample was adult patients aged ≥ 18 years which underwent elective surgical procedures with the aim of curative cancer starting before COVID-19 (March 2019-February 2020) until the time the COVID-19 pandemic emerged (March 2020 - February 2021). The data obtained were 768 patients. Of these patients, 384 were classified as having a COVID19-free operation route during the pandemic, and 384 others underwent elective surgery in the pre-pandemic period. Based on the Chi-Square test, a p-value of 0.850 was obtained (P>0.05) which shows that there is significant difference between cases of pulmonary complications in surgical patients before and after the pandemic who were carried out through the COVID-19-free protocol route. In conclusion, there is no significant change in effect of the covid-19 free operation path protocol on the incidence of lung complications in postoperative elective patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, although this patented and mandatory protocol can reduce cancer patients’ morbidity and mortality who undergoing elective surgery during a pandemic.

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INTEGRASI LITERASI INFORMASI PADA PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN JARAK JAUH PENDALAMAN MATERI BIOLOGI MADARASAH ALIYAH

JPPS (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Sains) ◽

10.26740/jpps.v10n1.p1874-1888 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1874

Author(s):

Hikmawati Hanurani

Keyword(s):

Religious Education ◽

Information Literacy ◽

Design Procedure ◽

Literacy Skills ◽

T Test ◽

Distance Training ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

E Learning ◽

The Subject

Abstract This study aims to find out how the integration of information literacy substnce in distance training on biological substance for Madrasah Aliyah (MA) in improving information literacy skills in MA biology teachers. In this study the teacher participated in Distance Training on MA biological material that was integrated with information literacy substance. The research sample consisted of 26 participants in Distance Training in Biology Substance for Biology Teacher Aliyah Madrasah in the Bandung Religious Education Training Center originating from the Ministry of Religion of West Java Province. The research design used was pre-experimental design with one group pretest-posttes design. The design procedure of this study was to take the 1st measurement on the subject (pretest) on the ability of mastery of information literacy, then the subject was treated for a certain period (exposure) through education and training in e-learning based distance training deepening of Biology Substance. The second measurement (posttest) was carried out after the treatment was given, and the prestest measurement results were compared with the results of the posttest measurements, using the t-test statistical test. Based on the t-test it can be concluded that "There is a significant difference in the results of self-assessment of information literacy between before and after doing Distance Learning Training".Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana integrasi materi literasi informasi pada kurikulum pendidikan dan pelatihan Diklat jarak jauh (DJJ) pendalaman materi biologi Madrasah Aliyah (MA) dalam meningkatkan keterampilan literasi informasi pada guru biologi MA. Dalam penelitian ini guru mengikuti Diklat Jarak Jauh Pendalaman materi biologi MA yang diintegrasikan dengan materi literasi informasi. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 26 orang peserta Diklat Jarak Jauh Teknis Substantif Pendalaman Materi Biologi Bagi Guru Biologi Madrasah Aliyah di Balai Diklat Keagamaan Bandung yang berasal dari Lingkungan Kementerian Agama Provinsi Jawa Barat. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre-eksperimental dengan desain One group pretest-posttes design. Prosedur desain penelitian ini adalah melakukan pengukuran ke-1 pada subyek (pretest) terhadap kemampuan penguasaan literasi informasi, kemudian subjek diberi perlakuan untuk jangka waktu tertentu (exposure) melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan diklat jarak jauh pendalaman materi biologi MA berbasis e-learning yang terdiri dari tiga kegiatan belajar. Pengukuran ke-2 (posttest) dilakukan setelah perlakuan diberikan, dan hasil pengukuran prestest dibandingan dengan hasil pengukuran posttest, menggunakan uji statistik Uji-t. Berdasarkan uji-t dapat disimpulkan bahwa “Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan hasil penilaian diri penguasaan literasi informasi antara sebelum dan sesudah melakukan pembelajaran Diklat Jarak Jauh”

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Vitamin E in the neuroprotection of cisplatin induced peripheral neurotoxicity and ototoxicity

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.9114 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 9114-9114 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

A. Pace ◽

S. Carpano ◽

E. Galiè ◽

A. Savarese ◽

M. Della Giulia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Placebo Group ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Peripheral Neurotoxicity ◽

Double Blind ◽

Multicentric Study ◽

Phase Ii Studies ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Vitamin E Supplementation

9114 Background: Peripheral neurotoxicity is a well recognized effect of cisplatin chemotherapy that can result in severe disability and represents a major dose-limiting factor. Several phase II studies have recently investigated the role of vitamin E as neuroprotectant in the prevention of cisplatin induced peripheral neurotoxicity and ototoxicity. Methods: An Italian randomized, placebo controlled, double blind multicentric study is ongoing to confirm the role of vitamin E supplementation in the prevention of neurotoxicity and ototoxicity induced by cisplatin Patients candidates to cisplatin chemotherapy were randomised to either vitamin E supplementation (a-tocopherol 400 mg/day) or to placebo. Patients were evaluated with neurological and neurophysiological examination before and after treatment. Neurotoxicity was measured using the comprehensive clinical and neurophysiological Total Neuropathy Score (TNS). Ototoxicity was evaluated with audiometric test and acoustic evoked potential before and after treatment. Results: 81 patients have been enrolled in 3 italian oncologic centers. An interim analysis on the first 50 patients was carried out. 25 patients (11 in the vit E group and 14 in the placebo group) received a cumulative dose higher than 300 mg/mq and were evaluable for neurotoxicity. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in median neurotoxicity score observed in vit E group (TNS=1) respect to the placebo group (TNS=5). Conclusions: This is the first randomised, placebo controlled, double blind trial exploring the efficacy of vitamin E in the neuroprotection of cisplatin neurotoxicity. The results of this study confirm the neuroprotective effect of vitamin E supplementation against cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Comparing the Efficacy of Topical Metformin and Placebo in the Treatment of Melasma: A Randomized, Double-blind, Clinical Trial

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2019/v30i430276 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Mohammad Ali Mapar ◽

Ali Asghar Hemmati ◽

Ghazal Namdari

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Placebo Group ◽

Double Blind ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽

Metformin Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

P 16 ◽

The Mean

Introduction: Generally affecting women, melasma is the acquired disorder of hyperpigmentation, and researches are still ongoing to find an effective, fast, and low-side-effect drug treating this disease. The present study is aimed at comparing the efficacy of topical metformin and placebo in the treatment of melasma. Methods: Sixty patients with melasma were treated in placebo and topical metformin recipient groups in a double-blind clinical trial. In addition to the demographic and laboratory findings of patients before and after the intervention, the MASI Score of patients in weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12 of the study and then one month after the study were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: The mean age of the studied patients was 35.25 ± 7.11 years. No significant difference was observed between the phenotypes (P= .49) and the type of melasma (P= .63) in the two groups. The mean MASI score of patients at the time of being included in the study in the placebo group was 10.47 ± 3.08; and in the metformin group, it was 11.93 ± 4.64 (P = .16). Compared to the beginning of the study, the MASI scores were significantly decreased in both groups of placebo (P = .00) and metformin (P = .00) one month after the end of the study; nevertheless, no statistically significant difference was observed between the MASI Scores of two groups in any of the study periods (P > .05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that metformin cream significantly declines the patients’ MASI score and does not have any effect on patients’ laboratory markers. Of course, no significant difference was observed between the MASI scores of the patients receiving metformin and the placebo group; however, the MASI score decrease trend continued until the 12th week; while in the placebo group, no significant decrease was seen after eight weeks.

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The Effect of the Covid-19 Free Operation Path Protocol on the Incidence of Lung Complications in Postoperative Elective Patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta

BioScientia Medicina ◽

10.32539/bsm.v5i4.369 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 940-946

Author(s):

Galih Aktama ◽

Hengky Agung Nugroho ◽

Muhammad David Perdana Putra

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Elective Surgery ◽

Pulmonary Complications ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Elective Surgical Procedures ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Elective Patients

The pandemic that began in late 2019, COVID-19, affects all patients, including cancer patients. Patients with cancer that continues to spread and there is no other effective alternative treatment must undergo surgery so that cancer does not get worse. Given this problem, many health care centers have developed a protocol system in the form of a COVID-19-free surgical route. This study is a retrospective cohort study comparing the incidence of pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery at dr. Moewardi Surakarta before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study sample was adult patients aged ≥ 18 years which underwent elective surgical procedures with the aim of curative cancer starting before COVID-19 (March 2019-February 2020) until the time the COVID-19 pandemic emerged (March 2020 - February 2021). The data obtained were 768 patients. Of these patients, 384 were classified as having a COVID19-free operation route during the pandemic, and 384 others underwent elective surgery in the pre-pandemic period. Based on the Chi-Square test, a p-value of 0.850 was obtained (P>0.05) which shows that there is significant difference between cases of pulmonary complications in surgical patients before and after the pandemic who were carried out through the COVID-19-free protocol route. In conclusion, there is no significant change in effect of the covid-19 free operation path protocol on the incidence of lung complications in postoperative elective patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, although this patented and mandatory protocol can reduce cancer patients’ morbidity and mortality who undergoing elective surgery during a pandemic.

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Ultrasound Guided Infraclavicular Block for Pain Control After Upper Extremity Surgery

Hospital Practices and Research ◽

10.15171/hpr.2018.24 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 108-112

Author(s):

Derya Yalçın ◽

Dilek Erdoğan Arı ◽

Ceren Köksal ◽

Cansu Akın ◽

Sinan Karaca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Recovery Room ◽

Motor Block ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Ultrasound Guided ◽

Nerve Blocks ◽

Double Blind ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Infraclavicular Block ◽

Group 2

Background: Opioids added to local anesthetics for peripheral nerve blocks may intensify analgesia and prolong analgesic and sensorial block duration. These agents may also cause potentiation and prolongation of motor block. Objective: This study compared the postoperative effects of 30 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine +50 mcg fentanyl and 30 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine + 100 mcg fentanyl solutions for the ultrasound-guided infraclavicular block in patients undergoing elbow and forearm surgery. Methods: In this randomized double-blind study, thirty-six patients with risk of ASA class I-III were randomly allocated into 2 randomized groups. Ultrasound-guided infraclavicular blocks with 30 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine + 50 mcg fentanyl for group 1 and 30 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine + 100 mcg fentanyl for group 2 were performed before patients emerged from general anesthesia. After surgery, pain levels at rest and during movement were evaluated using the 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS) at recovery room admission, at the 15th and 30th minutes in the recovery room, and at the 2nd, 6th, 12th and 24th hours postoperatively. Both morphine and rescue analgesic requirements were recorded. Sensorial and motor block durations, patient satisfaction, and complications related to the infraclavicular block were recorded. Results: In both groups, no significant difference in VAS pain scores, total morphine and total rescue analgesic requirements, duration of sensorial and motor block, or patient satisfaction were observed. None of the patients experienced any complications. Conclusion: The mixtures of 0.25% bupivacaine + 50 mcg fentanyl and 0.25% bupivacaine + 100 mcg fentanyl showed similar postoperative effects.

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