The Effect of the Covid-19 Free Operation Path Protocol on the Incidence of Lung Complications in Postoperative Elective Patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta

The pandemic that began in late 2019, COVID-19, affects all patients, including cancer patients. Patients with cancer that continues to spread and there is no other effective alternative treatment must undergo surgery so that cancer does not get worse. Given this problem, many health care centers have developed a protocol system in the form of a COVID-19-free surgical route. This study is a retrospective cohort study comparing the incidence of pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery at dr. Moewardi Surakarta before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study sample was adult patients aged ≥ 18 years which underwent elective surgical procedures with the aim of curative cancer starting before COVID-19 (March 2019-February 2020) until the time the COVID-19 pandemic emerged (March 2020 - February 2021). The data obtained were 768 patients. Of these patients, 384 were classified as having a COVID19-free operation route during the pandemic, and 384 others underwent elective surgery in the pre-pandemic period. Based on the Chi-Square test, a p-value of 0.850 was obtained (P>0.05) which shows that there is significant difference between cases of pulmonary complications in surgical patients before and after the pandemic who were carried out through the COVID-19-free protocol route. In conclusion, there is no significant change in effect of the covid-19 free operation path protocol on the incidence of lung complications in postoperative elective patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, although this patented and mandatory protocol can reduce cancer patients’ morbidity and mortality who undergoing elective surgery during a pandemic.

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The Effect of the Covid-19 Free Operation Path Protocol on the Incidence of Lung Complications in Postoperative Elective Patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta

BioScientia Medicina ◽

10.32539/bsm.v5i11.369 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. 1030-1036

Author(s):

Galih Aktama ◽

Henky Agung Nugroho ◽

Muhammad David Perdana Putra

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Elective Surgery ◽

Pulmonary Complications ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Elective Surgical Procedures ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Elective Patients

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Effectiveness of cadre empowerment toward the coverage of stimulation, detection and intervention of early development children

Proceedings Series on Health & Medical Sciences ◽

10.30595/pshms.v1i.34 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 60-65

Author(s):

Retno Puji Hastuti ◽

Fitarina Fitarina

Keyword(s):

Health Workers ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Average Score ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Chi Square Test

Stunting cases in North Lampung continuously increase due to lack of visits by mothers to perform stimulation, detection, early intervention for toddler development (SDIDTK). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of cadre empowerment on SDIDTK completion among children under five. The intervention of SDIDTK training for 50 cadres. The study used a Quasi-experimental Pre and Post-Test Design without control. Univariate data analysis with proportion, average, and standard deviation. Bivariate analysis using the Wilcoxon-test and Pearson Chi-Square Test. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the average score of knowledge of the cadres before and after the empowerment of cadres (p-value = 0.000). There was a significant correlation between cadre empowerment and the measurement completion of height, head circumference, and measurement of development (p-value = 0.000), however, there is no significant relationship between cadre empowerment and the completion of body weight measurement (p-value = 0.317). Suggestions for Health workers and health offices to carry out training on SDIDTK to all cadres, to provide guidance and motivation, and to provide SDIDTK facilities and infrastructure at Posyandu.

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Orthodontics-Awareness Amongst Medical Students

Orthodontic Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/ojn.v10i3.35496 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 49-56

Author(s):

Türkan SEZEN ERHAMZA ◽

Kübra A ARSLAN ÇARPAR

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Statistical Evaluation ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Treatment Procedures

Introduction: The study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and awareness of orthodontics, a specialty of dentistry,amongst Medical Students. Materials and Method: A sample of 550 students (279 female, 226 male aged between 18 and 36 years) were attented.Of the subjects, 58.6% (n = 296) were preclinical students, while 41.4% (n = 209) were clinical students. The students were informed about the questionnaire and asked to fill in the questionnaire forms. For the comparison of data between groups (gender, level of education), the chi-square test was used. A chi-square test was used for statistical evaluation and the p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: 385 students (76.2%) had heard the term orthodontics although 41.2% of the subjects knew that orthodonticswas concerned with malocclusions and their treatment. The question about treatment procedures was answeredas scaling by 35.8%, tooth polishing by 40%, tooth aligning by 89.9% of the students. The percentage of knowingorthodontics to be related to tooth aligning showed a significant difference between female and male (p = 0.006), andpreclinical and clinical students (p = 0.033). Of the participants, 42.8% thought that dentures, 83% brackets, 78.8% ofremovable appliances were used by orthodontists. Conclusion: Our results have shown that medical students should have more information about orthodontics, aspecialty of dentistry.

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A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study of low dose mirtazapine once daily in patients of major depressive disorders on escitalopram

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20191602 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 1067

Author(s):

Mallikarjuna Rao I. ◽

Usha Kiran Prayaga ◽

Dharma Rao Uppada ◽

Ramachandra Rao E. ◽

B. L. Kudagi

Keyword(s):

Depressive Disorders ◽

Low Dose ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Controlled Study ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Double Blind ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test

Background: The SSRIs being used as 1st line therapy in treatment of depression have delayed therapeutic effect which makes the patient vulnerable to an increased risk of suicide and decreased adherence to the treatment and will prematurely discontinue the therapy. The present study was conducted to evaluate if low dose mirtazapine-escitalopram combination therapy has any add on benefit over monotherapy with escitalopram.Methods: In a single-centered, comparative study involving patients with depression attending the out-patient after screening and exclusion, 60 eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive tablet mirtazapine 7.5 mg plus tablet escitalopram 10 mg intervention or tablet escitalopram 10 mg plus placebo intervention in a double-blind 6-week treatment phase. The primary outcome measure was the change in the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score from baseline. Participants were evaluated at baseline, 1st, 2nd,4th and 6th week. Results were analyzed using Chi-Square test for adverse effects and independent t-test analysis for efficacy parameter.Results: In the analysis of results at 6th week the numbers of patients achieved remission in mirtazapine group are more with a p-value of 0.018 which is significant and the numbers of responders in mirtazapine group are also more which is statistically significant on chi-square test. There is no significant difference was observed between the two groups with reference to occurrence of adverse effect.Conclusions: Adding low dose mirtazapine has an added benefit in terms of efficacy and getting remission early with more number of responders in the treatment of major depression.

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Variation in lip print pattern between two ethnic groups, Oraon tribals and Bengalee Hindus, residing in West Bengal, India

Anthropological Review ◽

10.2478/anre-2019-0031 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 82 (4) ◽

pp. 405-415

Author(s):

Archita Dey ◽

Mahua Chanak ◽

Kaustav Das ◽

Koel Mukherjee ◽

Kaushik Bose

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Groups ◽

West Bengal ◽

Personal Identification ◽

P Value ◽

Type Ii ◽

Ethnic Variation ◽

Criminal Cases ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test

Abstract Lip print pattern (LPP) is unique to each individual. For decades, forensic experts have used LPP for personal identification to solve criminal cases. However, studies investigating ethnic variation in LPP are scanty. Our study wanted to investigate variation in LPP between two ethnic groups, Oraon tribals and Bengalee Hindus, residing in West Bengal, India. A total of 280 participants included 112 Oraons and168 Bengalee Hindus of both. Prints were taken using dark shaded lipstick and transparent cellophane tape and recorded into white A4 sheet. Prints were divided into four quadrants and examined by magnifying glass. For analysis of results, classification of Suzuki and Tsuchihashi was followed. A p value of 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. It was observed that Type II pattern was dominant in first and second quadrants in both ethnic groups, irrespective of sex. Combination of Type II+III was found to be the most common pattern in males among both Oraons (16.2%) and Bengalee Hindus (12.2%) whereas in females Type II pattern (25.0%) among Oraons and Type III pattern among Bengalee Hindus (11.4%) was the most common. Chi square test showed statistically significant difference among females (p<0.05) and in third and fourth quadrants among males (p<0.01) of both ethnic groups. Our investigation clearly demonstrated sex and ethnic variations in LPP. Further studies are required to investigate ethnic variation in LPP among the various populations groups, both tribal as well as non-tribal, from different regions of India.

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COVID-related anxiety is prevalent and accurately reflects serious COVID risks in breast cancer patients.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.12053 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 12053-12053

Author(s):

Marisa C. Weiss ◽

Stephanie Kjelstrom ◽

Meghan Buckley ◽

Adam Leitenberger ◽

Melissa Jenkins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽

P Value ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Chi Square ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

A Current

12053 Background: A current cancer diagnosis is a risk factor for serious COVID-19 complications (CDC). In addition, the pandemic has caused major disruptions in medical care and support networks, resulting in treatment delays, limited access to doctors, worsening health disparities, social isolation; and driving higher utilization of telemedicine and online resources. Breastcancer.org has experienced a sustained surge of new and repeat users seeking urgent information and support. To better understand these unmet needs, we conducted a survey of the Breastcancer.org Community. Methods: Members of the Breastcancer.org Community were invited to complete a survey on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on their breast cancer care, including questions on demographics, comorbidities (including lung, heart, liver and kidney disease, asthma, diabetes, obesity, and other chronic health conditions); care delays, anxiety due to COVID-related care delays, use of telemedicine, and satisfaction with care during COVID. The survey was conducted between 4/27/2020-6/1/2020 using Survey Monkey. Results were tabulated and compared by chi square test. A p-value of 0.05 is considered significant. Data were analyzed using Stata 16.0 (Stata Corp., Inc, College Station, TX). Results: Our analysis included 568 breast cancer patients of whom 44% had ≥1 other comorbidities associated with serious COVID-19 complications (per CDC) and 37% had moderate to extreme anxiety about contracting COVID. This anxiety increased with the number of comorbidities (p=0.021), age (p=0.040), and with a current breast cancer diagnosis (p=0.011) (see table). Anxiety was significantly higher in those currently diagnosed, ≥65, or with ≥3 other comorbidities, compared to those diagnosed in the past, age <44, or without other comorbidities. Conclusions: Our survey reveals that COVID-related anxiety is prevalent at any age regardless of overall health status, but it increased with the number of other comorbidities, older age, and a current breast cancer diagnosis. Thus, reported anxiety is proportional to the risk of developing serious complications from COVID. Current breast cancer patients of all ages—especially with other comorbidities—require emotional support, safe access to their providers, and prioritization for vaccination.[Table: see text]

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Combination Therapy Of Tadalafil And Pentoxifylline In Severe Erectile Dysfunction; A Prospective Randomized Trial

Polish Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1515/pjs-2015-0075 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 87 (8) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Santosh Kumar ◽

Rajesh Roat ◽

Swati Agrawal ◽

Kumar Jayant ◽

Ravimohan S. Mavuduru ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Erectile Dysfunction ◽

Combination Therapy ◽

Erectile Function ◽

T Test ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Abstractwas to assess efficacy of Tadalafil alone versus Tadalafil plus Pentoxifylline in the treatment of erectile dysfunction by using self administered IIEF-5 questionnaire.Two hundred and thirty seven patients presenting with ED at andrology OPD were evaluated for ED by a self administered IIEF (International Index of Erectile Function) questionnaire. Patients were systematically randomized by computer generated random table into two groups groups namely, group A: Tadalafil only group, group B: combination of Tadalafil + Pentoxifyl-line. All the patients were re-assessed by IIEF-5 questionnaire after 8 weeks of medical therapy. Statistical analysis was performed using student’s unpaired t-test, paired t-test, chi square test. p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Two hundred and thirty seven patients were included in the present study, in group A: 92 patients (78.6%) showed improvement in their IIEF score after 8 weeks of tadalafil treatment. While in group B, overall 104 patients(86.6%) showed improvement after combination of Tadalafil and Pentoxifylline. There was a statistically significant difference of percentage change in IIEF score was seen in group B (group A 90.7±15.2%, group B 95.6±13.4%; p value – 0.014). We found this difference even more statistically significant in patients with severe ED (group A 72.7±47.2%, group B 132.3±54.3%; p value – 0.000). There was no significant difference in between the two groups with regards to occur-rence of side effects.Both tadalafil and combination of Tadalafil + Pentoxifylline improve erectile function in patients of ED. Patients with severe ED showed much significant improvement in erectile function with combination therapy.

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Configural, Metric and Scalar Invariance Measurement of Academic Delay of Gratification Scale

iJARS International Journal Of Humanities and Social Studies ◽

10.20908/ijarsijhss.v3i3.7903 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Rajib Chakraborty

Keyword(s):

Factor Structure ◽

Delay Of Gratification ◽

Degree Of Freedom ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Scalar Invariance ◽

Academic Delay ◽

Academic Delay Of Gratification

The present study measured the partial (configural, metric and scalar) invariance of Academic Delay of Gratification Scale (ADOGS) for college students prepared by Hefer Bembenutty and Stuart Karabenick (1996), with respect to gender. 488 students (277 boys and 211 girls) from engineering, law, pharmacy, and education faculties of Sultan Ul Uloom Education Society, Hyderabad, were samples of the study. Confirmatory Factor Analysis framework was used to test the three invariance, one at a time, using SPSS AMOS Ver.23. This was done by constraining the factor structure, factor loadings and intercepts for the genders boys and girls simultaneously. The SPSS AMOS CFA test provided Chi-square value and degree of freedom for the unconstrained and the constrained structures. By comparing the difference in the Chi-square test p-value for a degree of freedom of the constrained factor structure with the unconstrained structure’s Chi-Square p-value and its degree of freedom using an excel sheet calculator of Chi-square test available on the Internet, the measurement invariance of the instrument was verified. The findings of the study reveal that the scale is configural and metric invariant, as there is no significant difference between constrained and unconstrained structures. However, the scale is not scalar invariant. The educational implications are discussed.

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Prevalence of Congenitally Missing Permanent Teeth in Aseer, KSA

Journal of Oral & Dental Health ◽

10.33140/jodh/01/02/00006 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Permanent Teeth ◽

P Value ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Missing Teeth ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Congenitally Missing Teeth ◽

Congenitally Missing

Background: Hypodontia or congenitally missing teeth is among dental anomalies with different prevalence in each region. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of congenitally missing permanent teeth in Aseer region population. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study was done. Panoramic radiographs of 1050 patients (370 girls and 680 boys), 12-40 years old, were collected. The radiographs were studied for evidence of congenitally missing teeth. Data were analyzed using Paired t-test, Mann-Whitney test, Fisher exact test and Chi-square test (0.05). Results: Prevalence of congenitally missing teeth was totally 7.42%. The most frequent congenitally missing teeth was mandibular second premolars (28.21%) followed by maxillary second premolars (25.64%). Upper jaw showed significantly higher number of congenitally missing teeth (P value 0.001). According to Chi-square test, congenital missing teeth were found approximately 7.42% in both females and males and there were no statistically significant difference between sexes (P 0.19). Conclusion: The prevalence of congenitally missing teeth (CMT) in Aseer region permanent dentition was 7.42%. The most common congenitally missing teeth were mandibular second premolar fallowed by maxillary second premolars.

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Small dose of ephedrine for prevention of hypotension following propofol and fentanyl administration during induction of general anesthesia

Annals of African Medical Research ◽

10.4081/aamr.2020.126 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Gamal Ejaimi ◽

Abla Saab ◽

Sittelnissa Ahmed ◽

Areeg Ahmed ◽

Hussain Abujamilah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Anesthesia ◽

Small Dose ◽

Elective Surgery ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Study Participants

Induction of general anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl could result in hypotension and bradycardia. Various methods are being used to prevent these adverse effects. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy and safety of a small dose of ephedrine in prevention of hypotension following administration of propofol and fentanyl. This prospective, randomized, comparative study was conducted among a total of 50 patients, both genders, age 18 years up to 60 years with ASA grade Ι and ΙΙ and some of class ΙΙΙ, presented for elective surgery under general anesthesia. Patients were randomly allocated into one of two groups (25 patients in each): CG (the control group), which received propofol in a dose of 2 mg/kg, intravenously, over 20–30 s mixed with 2 mL normal saline: and EphG (Ephedrine group), while received propofol in a dose of 2 mg/kg, intravenously, over 20–30 s mixed with 2 mL of ephedrine (10 mg). The Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MAP) and Heart Rate (HR) were recorded before induction and then every 1 min up to 6 min after induction. The categorical data are presented as a number and percentage and were subjected to Fisher’s exact or Chi-square test for analysis. The statistical significance was p≤0.05. The significant differences in HR were observed in the 3rd,4th, and 5th minutes with P-value, 0.018, 0.000, 0.000, respectively. However, no patient in the study participants had bradycardia. The significant differences in MAP were observed in the 2nd, 3rd,4th, and 5th minutes with P-value, 0.035, 0.000, 0.000, and 0.000, respectively. The percentage of patient in CG who developed hypotension in the 3rd and 4th is 44% and 32% compared to 8% and 0% in EphG, with significant differences (P-value 0.004 and 0.002, respectively). Administration of small dose of ephedrine with propofol could attenuate propofol/fentanyl hypotensive and bradycardic effects.

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