scholarly journals DETERMINAN PERILAKU DETEKSI DINI KANKER SERVIKS METODE INSPEKSI VISUAL ASAM ASETAT (IVA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Arum Dewi Pusparini ◽  
Gatut Hardianto ◽  
Nila Kurniasari

AbstrakLatar Belakang: Kanker serviks atau kanker leher rahim merupakan kanker pembunuh nomor dua di dunia. Pemerintah telah berupaya untuk mengatasi kanker serviks dengan metode inspeksi visual asam asetat (IVA). Faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi seseorang untuk melakukan IVA antara lain pengetahuan, sikap, budaya dan dukungan petugas kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan faktor yang mempengaruhi wanita usia subur (WUS) yang pernah melakukan pemeriksaan IVA dan belum pernah tes IVA. Metode: mengguanakan analitik  observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 108 wanita usia subur dengan teknik purposive sampling yang memnuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Untuk mengetahui tingkat signifikan, data yang terkumpul akan diuji statistik Chi-Square dan Fisher Exact Test pada tingkat kemaknaan 0,05. Hasil: faktor yang memiliki perbedaan yang bermakna antara wanita usia subur yang pernah melakukan dan belum pernah melakukan pemeriksaan IVA antara lain pengetahuan (p= 0,002), Budaya (p= 0,021), dukungan petugas kesehatan (p= 0,010). Sedangkan sikap (p= 1,000) tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna. Kesimpulan: perbedaan faktor yang mempengaruhi WUS yang pernah dan belum pernah tes IVA di wilayah puskesmas Sidotopo adalah pengetahuan, budaya dan dukungan petugas kesehatan. AbstractBackground: Cervical cancer is the second leading deathly woman disease in the world. The Indonesian government has been trying through visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA). There are some factors influencing women to undergo VIA such as knowledge, behaviour, culture and the support of medical workers. Thus, this research was aimed at finding significance differences among reproductive women undergoing and not undergoing. Method: This research employed Observational Analytic using cross sectional approach. The sample of this research was 108 women of reproductive age. Purposive sampling was employed as a technique which met inclusion and eksclusion criteria. To be able to find out the significance, the data collected was tested in the statistical test chi square of 0.05 significance level. Result: Factors like knowledge (p= 0,002), culture (p= 0,021), and support of medical workers (p= 0,010) showed significance difference among reproductive women undergoing and not undergoing VIA while behaviour (p= 1,000) showed no significance difference. Conclusion:the differences among reproductive women undergoing and not undergoingVIA in region of puskesmas Sidotopo was knowledge, culture and the support of medical workers. 

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prastiwi Putri Basuki ◽  
Triana Uminingsih

Stunting pada masa balita perlu mendapat perhatian khusus termasuk pada anak usia 24-36 bulan. Usia 24-36 bulan merupakan usia anak yang mengalami perkembangan pesat dalam kemampuan kognitif dan motorik. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya kejadian stunting pada anak, antara lain karakteristik ibu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kontribusi karakteristik ibu terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak usia 24-36 bulan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilakukan di Desa Sendang Mulyo Minggir Sleman Yogyakarta. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 75 anak usia 24-36 bulan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data  bivariat menggunakan Chi Square dan Fisher Exact Test dan analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan ibu (p value=0,000), pengetahuan ibu (p value=0,022) dan pemberian ASI Ekslusif (p value=0,011) yang artinya terdapat hubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Sedangkan status pekerjaan ibu (p value=0,217) tidak signifikan berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Berdasarkan analisis multivariat regresi linier menunjukkan hasil bahwa pendidikan ibu, status  pekerjaan ibu, pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi, dan pemberian ASI Ekslusif bersama-sama mempunyai kontribusi terhadap kejadian stunting sebesar 88,2%. Perlu peningkatan program multisektoral dengan melibatkan semua lapisan masyarakat untuk mengurangi kejadian stunting.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfikar Mardjun ◽  
Grace Korompis ◽  
Sefti Rompas

Abstract : Smooth breastfeeding is influenced by several factors, one of which ispsychological factors, namely anxiety. In general, postpartum mothers often experiencefatigue and mood swings such as anxiety; about themselves and about their new-born baby.This anxiety can affect the smoothness of breastfeeding in post partum mothers. The purposeof this study was to determine the relationship between anxiety and smooth release of breastmilk in post partum mothers while being treated at Mother and Baby Hospital, Kasih IbuManado. The method of this research uses cross sectional research design. The sampleconsisted of 68 respondents with a non probability sampling method with a purposivesampling technique. The results using the Chi-Square did not fulfill the requirements thuscontinued with the Fisher Exact test at the significance level of 95%, obtained by the value ρ -Value 0.001 smaller than the significant value of 0.05. In conclusion, there is a relationshipbetween anxiety and the smooth releasee of breast milk in post partum mothers while beingtreated at Kasih Ibu Hospital.Keywords : Anxiety, Smooth Release of Breast MilkAbstrak : Kelancaran pengeluaran ASI dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunyafaktor psikologis yaitu kecemasan. Pada umumnya ibu pasca persalinan sering mengalamikelelahan dan perubahan mood seperti kecemasan, cemas terhadap dirinya dan cemasmemikirkan bayinya. Kecemasan tersebut yang dapat mempengaruhi kelancara pengeluaranASI pada ibu post partum. Tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kecemasan dengankelancaran pengeluaran air susu ibu pada ibu post partum selama dirawat di Rumah Sakit Ibudan Anak Kasih Ibu Manado. Metode menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional.Sampel terdiri dari 68 responden dengan metode pengambilan sampelsecara non probabilitysampling dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil dengan menggunakan uji Chi – Squaretetapi tidak memenuhi syarat dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Fisher Exact pada tingkatkemaknaan 95%, didapatkan nilai ρ – Value 0,001 lebih kecil dari nilai signifikan 0,05.Kesimpulan ada hubungan antara kecemasan dengan kelancaran pengeluaran air susu ibupada ibu post partum selama dirawat di Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Kasih Ibu Manado.Kata Kunci : Kecemasan, Kelancaran Pengeluaran ASI


2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Baksono Winardi ◽  
Elga Caecaria Grahardika Andani

Objectives: to identify association between knowledge of pregnant women about anemia and the adherence to consume iron tablets in BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, IndonesiaMaterials and Methods: Observational analysis cross sectional study. Population consisted of 55 trimester pregnant women in BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, in March-April 2017. Samples were recruited using consecutive sampling. The number of sample was 35 respondents. Data were analyzed using chi-square test.Results: This research showed that all of the less knowledgeable women on anemia (100.00%) were non-adherent to consume iron tablets, almost all moderately knowledgeable women (92.9%) were adherent, and all of the fully knowledgeable women (100.00%) were adherent. Fisher exact test in significance level of 0.05 revealed p value equal to 0.0001, indicating association between knowledge about anemia and adherence to consume iron tablets at BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, Indonesia.Conclusion: There is an association between knowledge of pregnant women about anemia with adherence to iron tablets.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-241
Author(s):  
Rusnaeni Rusnaeni ◽  
Muhammad Azikin ◽  
Fitriani Umar

Salah satu perubahan secara biologis dapat mempengaruhi status gizi pada masa tua yaitu banyaknya gigi geligi yang sudah tanggal. Mengakibatkan gangguan fungsi mengunyah yang berdampak pada kurangnya asupan gizi pada usia lanjut, untuk memperbaiki mastikasi pengunyahaan maka lansia kebanyakn menggunaka gigi tiruan penuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan penggunaan gigi tiruan penuh dengan status gizi pada lansia di Desa Tonrong Rijang Kecamatan Baranti Kabupaten Sidrap.Jenis penelitian ini observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Populasi yaitu seluruh lansia yang tinggal menetap di Desa Tonrong Rijang, Pengambilan sampel dengan metode purposive sampling sebanyak 54 orang diperoleh dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin. Analisis data dengan menggunakan uji chi-square dan fisher exact test. dan  ditolak jika nilai  p< 0,05.Hasil penelitian diperoleh tidak ada hubungan penggunaan gigi tiruan penuh dengan asupan energi (p = 0,133) dan status gizi (p = 0,05), Serta ada hubungan signifikan asupan energi dengan status gizi (p = 0,000). Diharapkan kepada lansia untuk terus mempertahakan asupan  energinya guna menigkatkan status gizi lansia untuk menunjang masa tuanya untuk hidup secara mandiri baik itu pengguna gigi tiruan penuh maupun yang tidak.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-169
Author(s):  
Ringgo Alfarisi ◽  
Yuniastini Yuniastini ◽  
Astri Pinilih ◽  
Putri Nur Oktavia Jauhari

Latar Belakang: Latar Belakang: Energi yang adekuat pada saat sarapan pagi diperlukan untuk menunjang aktivitas belajar khusunya bagi anak sekolah. Energi diperoleh dari makanan atau minuman yang dikonsumsi oleh masing-masing anak. Anak yang seringkali melewatkan sarapan sangat tidak dianjurkan. Melewatkan sarapan membuat anak tidak berenergi karena perut kosong sehingga anak menjadi susah untuk memfokuskan pikiran di sekolah. Hal tersebut sangat tidak mendukung dalam peningkatan prestasi belajar. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui adakah hubungan kebiasaan sarapan pagi dengan prestasi belajar pada siswa-siswi Sekolah Dasar Negeri 01 Rajabasa di Bandar Lampung. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis bivariat yang digunakan adalah uji Chi Square. Hasil Penelitian: Dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 60 responden, responden dengan sarapan pagi tidak rutin didapatkan 12 siswa, dimana 8 siswa (66,7%) prestasi belajar dibawah rata-rata dan 4 (33,3%) siswa prestasi belajar diatas rata-rata. Kemudian, responden yang sarapan pagi rutin didapatkan 48 siswa, dimana 6 siswa (12,5%) prestasi belajar dibawah rata-rata, dan 42 siswa (76,0%) prestasi belajar diatas rata-rata. Berdasarkan hasil uji fisher exact test hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai p value sebesar 0,000 (≤0,05) yang berarti bahwa sarapan pagi dengan rutin mendukung dalam peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa OR = 14. Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kebiasaan sarapan pagi dengan prestasi belajar siswa-siswi SDN 01 Rajabasa Bandar Lampung. Kata Kunci : Prestasi belajar, Sarapan pagi


2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Baksono Winardi ◽  
Elga Caecaria Grahardika Andani

Objectives: to identify association between knowledge of pregnant women about anemia and the adherence to consume iron tablets in BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, IndonesiaMaterials and Methods: Observational analysis cross sectional study. Population consisted of 55 trimester pregnant women in BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, in March-April 2017. Samples were recruited using consecutive sampling. The number of sample was 35 respondents. Data were analyzed using chi-square test.Results: This research showed that all of the less knowledgeable women on anemia (100.00%) were non-adherent to consume iron tablets, almost all moderately knowledgeable women (92.9%) were adherent, and all of the fully knowledgeable women (100.00%) were adherent. Fisher exact test in significance level of 0.05 revealed p value equal to 0.0001, indicating association between knowledge about anemia and adherence to consume iron tablets at BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, Indonesia.Conclusion: There is an association between knowledge of pregnant women about anemia with adherence to iron tablets.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Luluk Nur Fakhidah ◽  
Fitria Hayu Palupi

Luluk Nur Fakhidah 1), Fitria Hayu Palupi 2)1), 2) Program Studi D3 Kebidanan STIKes Mitra Husada KaranganyarEmail :[email protected],[email protected] ASI eksklusif sangat diperlukan sampai bayi karena sebagai makanan alamiah ASI saja sudah cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gizi bayi dan energi hingga berumur 6 bulan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor individu yang  menentukan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada ibu menyusui di Kabupaten Karanganyar. Faktor yang di identifikasiantara lain usia ibu, tingkat pendidikan ibu, status pekerjaan, urutan kelahiran bayi, tempat bersalin, proses persalinan dan IMD. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif analitik observasionaldengan pendekatan cross sectional dan metode survey analitik.Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner. Jumlah responden sebanyak 38 ibu yang memenuhi kriteria inkiusi dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Data yang diperoleh diolah secara statistik dengan menggunakan uji Chi Square dan fisher exact test untuk menentukan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif dan regresi logistik digunakan untuk menentukan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif. Uji statistik menunjukkanvariabel yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif adalah paritas dan IMD. Uji regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa faktor paling dominan yang mempengaruhi pemberian ASI eksklusif adalah tindakan IMD dengan p=0,025 dan OR=0.19 Faktor individu  yang berpengaruh terhadap pemberian ASIeksklusif paritas dan Imdd sedangkan usia ibu,pendidikan, status bekerja,paritas dan jenis proses persalinan tidak menunjukan pengaruh signifikan terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusifKata kunci: faktor individu, ASI eksklusifANALYSIS  FACTORS AFFECTING  EXCLUSIVE  BREASTFEEDINGABSTRACTThe provision of exclusive breastfeeding is very necessary until the baby because only natural food ASI is enough to meet the nutritional needs of the baby and energy up to 6 months of age. The purpose of this study was to determine the individual factors that determine exclusive breastfeeding in nursing mothers in Karanganyar Regency. Factors identified included maternal age, maternal education level, employment status, baby birth order, place of birth, labor and IMD. This study was an observational quantitative analytic study with a cross sectional approach and analytical survey method. Data collection was done by questionnaire. The number of respondents was 38 mothers who fulfilled initial criteria with purposive sampling sampling technique. The data obtained were processed statistically using Chi Square test and fisher exact test to determine the factors that influence exclusive breastfeeding and logistic regression was used to determine the most influential factors for exclusive breastfeeding. Statistical tests show variables that significantly influence exclusive breastfeeding are parity and IMD. Logistic regression test showed that the most dominant factor affecting exclusive breastfeeding was IMD with p = 0.025 and OR = 0.19 Individual factors that influence exclusive breastfeeding parity and Imdd while maternal age, education, work status, parity and type of labor were not show significant influence on exclusive breastfeedingKeyword : Individual factors, Exclusive breastfeeding


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Marwa Hegab ◽  
Marwa Alnawawy

Background: Gingival recession (GR) is a challenging condition especially with the increasing esthetic demand of patients today. Hence, there is a need to assess the prevalence of GR and to investigate possible associations with this condition. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study design was used where a sample of 500 patients, within the age range of 18-60 years, was drawn from the Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine at Cairo University. The collected data included demographic and periodontal variables, and the significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Statistical analysis was performed via IBM® SPSS® Statistics Version 20 for Windows using the Chi-square and Fisher exact test. Results: The overall prevalence of GR was 69.4%. Statistical analysis indicated a significant association between gender and GR (significant male predilection, P ≤ 0.05), and between GR and plaque biofilm due to periodontitis with 90.8% of recession cases having periodontitis. A significant association was also found between the cause and distribution of GR, where mandibular incisors showed the highest prevalence of GR. Conclusion: Gingival recession is a highly prevalent condition among Egyptians, with periodontitis being the fundamental cause. Frenal pull is the most prominent local factor in inducing GR in the Egyptian population. This information can be applied by educating the population and initiating new preventive programs and awareness campaigns.


Author(s):  
Laima Alam

Objectives:Relation of demographics of hepatocellular-carcinoma with the aetiology.Tumour characteristics in relation to anti-viral therapy and presence of viral-DNA/RNATreatment modalities offeredMethods: This cross-sectional study enrolled all the patients aged 18-70 years with diagnosed hepatocellular carcinoma either through Triphasic Contrast-Enhanced-CT scan and/or Magnetic Resonance Imaging or biopsy presenting to the Outpatient-Department or multi-disciplinary-team meetings for the year 2019. Demographic variables, biochemical analysis including liver profile and stage of cirrhosis, viral-status, tumour staging and the treatment modalities offered were all noted. ANOVA (normal) and Kruskal-Wallis (non-normal) tests were used to compare quantitative data whereas chi-square-test and fisher-exact-test were used to compare qualitative-data.Results: Out of 195 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 76% were males in their fifth to sixth decades of life, 96% had cirrhosis, 94% corresponded to viral hepatocellular-carcinoma (82% Hepatitis-C-Virus, 9% Hepatitis-B-Virus and 3% coinfection), 60% of the cirrhotics landed in Child-Pugh A category with tumour staging BCLC-B being the predominant one (43.6%) and single and multiple bilateral nodules were the commonest lesions encountered. Platelets and Alanine-Transaminase had a significant relation across aetiological groups. Lymph-nodes were the most common extra-hepatic organs for metastasis and the presence of viral PCR had a significant impact on the tumour aggressiveness. Thirty-two percent of the patients were amenable to curative treatment.Conclusion: Viral infection is the main cause of rising prevalence of this tumour in Pakistan. Treatment modalities are expensive and expertise are lacking. A nationwide cancer registry is required for the exact disease burden and tumour behaviour for our population. Continuous....


2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Maria Sampaio Enes ◽  
Simone Perufo Opitz ◽  
André Ricardo Maia da Costa de Faro ◽  
Mavilde de Luz Gonçalves Pedreira

Abstract OBJECTIVE To identify the presence of phlebitis and the factors that influence the development of this complication in adult patients admitted to hospital in the western Brazilian Amazon. METHOD Exploratory study with a sample of 122 peripheral intravenous catheters inserted in 122 patients in a medical unit. Variables related to the patient and intravenous therapy were analyzed. For the analysis, we used chi-square tests of Pearson and Fisher exact test, with 5% significance level. RESULTS Complication was the main reason for catheter removal (67.2%), phlebitis was the most frequent complication (31.1%). The mean duration of intravenous therapy use was 8.81 days in continuous and intermittent infusion (61.5%), in 20G catheter (39.3%), inserted in the dorsal hand vein arc (36.9 %), with mean time of usage of 68.4 hours. The type of infusion (p=0.044) and the presence of chronic disease (p=0.005) and infection (p=0.007) affected the development of phlebitis. CONCLUSION There was a high frequency of phlebitis in the sample, being influenced by concomitant use of continuous and intermittent infusion of drugs and solutions, and more frequent in patients with chronic diseases and infection.


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