scholarly journals Roots and Wings: Indonesia´s way to improvements of women´s health care

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Hans-Gerd Meerpohl
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Live Births ◽  
The People ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
And Gender

Indonesia is the world’s fourth most populous nation and the largest economy in Southeast Asia. The World Bank recently classified Indonesia as an emerging middle-income country. Enormous gains have been made in poverty reduction, cutting the poverty rate to more than half since 1999, to 9.8% in 2018.(1) However, based on March 2017 data, approximately 20 % of the entire population remain vulnerable of falling into poverty, as their income hover marginally above the national poverty line.(2) Unique challenges for Indonesia´s health care system reflects the fact that approximately 250 million inhabitants from more than 300 ethnic groups spread over 17.000 islands. Indonesia has set itself an ambitious goal of establishing universal health care by 2019, a move commended by the United Nations as part of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.(SDGs)  Women´s health care, including women’s empowerment and gender equality, is concerned as an especially important issue because - on a global scale- it is one area in which performance has been seen by many to be slow. (3) While Indonesia has experienced greater success in its efforts to reduce the under five mortality rate (27 per 1.000 live births in 2015), efforts to tackle maternal mortality has been less effective as rates have continued to persist above 125 per 100.000 live births over the past decade (6) Having some of those facts in my mind I started my visit to Indonesia and to Surabaya in October 2018 with the desire to understand in the end the country, the people and their health system challenges a bit better.

scholarly journals A Multi-Scalar Approach for Assessing Costs and Benefits of Risk Reduction Alternatives for the People and the City: Cases of Three Resettlements in Visakhapatnam, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 5958
Author(s):  
Garima Jain ◽  
Amir Bashir Bazaz
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Asset Accumulation ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
The People ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
The City

Resettlement undertaken with the objective of reducing disaster risk often narrowly focuses only on reducing hazard exposure. However, when resettlements are analyzed from the perspective of holistic development outcomes, including livelihood conditions, health implications, social cohesion and employment opportunities, they are often found to be lacking. Apart from this contrast between considerations of disaster risk and everyday socio-economic risks at the household or settlement level, resettlement programs also lack a clear focus on achieving wider regional development goals including poverty reduction, economic growth and environmental protection. This relates to the sectorization of attitudes to disaster risk and the lack of integration with development concerns across multiple actors involved. This paper offers an approach: (1) to systematize costs and benefits; and using these (2) to assess policy alternatives that could maximize the beneficial outcomes for the resettlement intervention as well as improve overall sustainability for the urban areas they are set in. This paper first situates “risks” within a larger context of structural risks, and then uses the framework of asset accumulation to recognize the changes experienced by the people as costs or benefits. For this, it goes beyond the resettlement site to a broader regional perspective of the city and reflects on the long-term historical trends as well as future risks created by the intervention in the context of urbanization processes and increasing climate variability. To illustrate the use of this approach in assessing intervention alternatives, the paper analyzes three empirical case studies representing in-situ, voluntary and involuntary resettlements from urban Andhra Pradesh in India.

Setting up Community Health Programmes in Low and Middle Income Settings

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Field Workers ◽  
Health Programmes ◽  
Low And Middle Income

The central role of the community and its place in both healthcare planning and service delivery is increasingly seen as a vital foundation for global health. The fourth edition of Setting up Community Health Programmes in Low and Middle Income Settings provides a practical introductory guide to the initiation, management, and sustaining of health care programmes in developing countries. The book has been fully revised to take into account the Millennium Development Goals, Sustainable Development Goals, and Universal Health Coverage. Taking an evidence-based approach the book provides rationales and contextualized examples of health at the community level. Key topics include non-communicable diseases, disability, addiction, abuse and mental health. This book provides a practical guide for community health workers including field workers, programme managers, medical professionals involved in front line health care, administrators, health planners and postgraduate students

scholarly journals Addressing the Linkages between Gender and Transport in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanu Priya Uteng ◽  
Jeff Turner
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
History Of ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Research And Policy ◽  
Low And Middle Income

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) specifies gender equality and sustainable development as their two central priorities. An area of critical importance for sustainable and gender-fair development is mobility and transport, which has so far been neglected and downplayed in research and policy making both at the national and global levels. Rooted in the history of the topic and the emerging ideas on smart, green and integrated transport, this paper presents a literature review of on gender and transport in the low- and middle-income countries. The paper presents a host of cross-cutting topics with a concentrated focus on spatial and transport planning. The paper further identifies existing research gaps and comments on the new conceptualizations on smart cities and smart mobilities in the Global South. Due attention is paid to intersections and synergies that can be created between different development sectors, emerging transport modes, data and modeling exercises, gender equality and sustainability.

The Politics of Poverty

Social Change ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-240
Author(s):  
Digvijay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Poverty Levels

The reduction in the official poverty rate seen in relation with increasing morbidity status, a mammoth income gap between the rich and the poor, ambiguous methodology followed to calculate Below Poverty Line Census and government policies on poverty reduction tends to question the whole poverty line debate. The official commitment to higher economic growth may reflect booming economic growth but it also has led to a large gap between the rich and the poor in both regional and social dimensions. To look into the causes and ameliorate poverty levels, various committees and policies have identified poverty levels. Using different criteria and methods, they still have failed to look at the social and political aspects. It is politics that has engulfed the whole discourse over universalisation of social welfare policies as some sort of justification behind the nation’s fiscal deficit and subsidy constraint-related questions.

The Poverty Reduction of Social Security and Means-Tested Transfers

ILR Review ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1106-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce D. Meyer ◽  
Derek Wu
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Program Participation ◽  
Housing Assistance ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Sipp Data ◽  
Nutrition Assistance ◽  
State Of Research

This article is the fourth in a series to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the ILR Review. The series features articles that analyze the state of research and future directions for important themes this journal has featured over many years of publication. Starting with Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) data from 2008 to 2013, the authors link administrative data from Social Security and five large means-tested transfers—Supplemental Security Income (SSI), Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), public assistance (PA), the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), and housing assistance—to minimize errors within the SIPP data. Social Security cuts the poverty rate by a third—more than twice the combined effect of the five means-tested transfers. Among means-tested transfers, the EITC and SNAP have the largest effects. All programs except for the EITC sharply reduce deep poverty. The relative importance of these programs differs by family subgroup. SSI, PA, and housing assistance have the highest share of benefits going to the pre-transfer poor, whereas the EITC has the lowest. Finally, the SIPP survey data alone provide fairly accurate estimates for the overall population at the poverty line, though they understate the effects of Social Security, SNAP, and PA. Differences in effects are striking, however, at other income cutoffs and for specific family types.

scholarly journals Halving Global Poverty

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Besley ◽  
Robin Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The Millennium Development Goals—global targets that the world's leaders set at the Millennium Summit in September 2000—are an ambitious agenda for reducing poverty. As a central plank, these goals include halving the proportion of people living below a dollar a day from around 30 percent of the developing world’s population in 1990 to 15 percent by 2015—a reduction in the absolute number of poor of around one billion. This paper examines what economic research can tell us about how to fulfill these goals. It begins by discussing poverty trends on a global scale—where the poor are located in the world and how their numbers have been changing over time. It then discusses the relationship of economic growth and income distribution to poverty reduction. Finally, it suggests an evidence-based agenda for poverty reduction in the developing world.

scholarly journals Development Assistance and Poverty Reduction in Central Asia

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Kment ◽  
Vladimir Krepl ◽  
Patrick Francis Kapila
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Development Goals

Abstract This article deals with official development assistance (ODA) in Central Asia and with relation of the ODA to the Millennium Development Goals. We look at present development in the sphere of poverty reduction and also at dependence between ODA and GDP growth in a selected country - Kyrgyzstan. ODA per capita and several other indicators are highest in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. The time series using poverty ratio indicators for Kyrgyzstan shows that between 2004 and 2011 there was a decline in the percentage of population under the poverty line. The trend generated using analogous time series for Kazakhstan and Tajikistan is similar. However, the internal situation in the region of interest is unstable. The dependence between ODA and GDP growth apparently does not exist in the region of interest. Further aid would be appropriate to focus on development projects’ themes already successfully conducted in selected areas and selected social groups.

scholarly journals Modeling Social Inclusion Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Nauras Akhras
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Sustainability Science ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Solution Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
And Gender

Research on sustainability science has been concerned with pointing the way towards a sustainable society. On a global scale, sustainability is seen as depending on three systems: the global system, the human system and the social system. In the social system, the need to address issues of social sustainability, including literacy, education, malnutrition, child mortality, and gender empowerment, as well as its connections with human and global sustainability, has given rise to the eight Millennium Development Goals, which break down into twenty one quantifiable targets that are measured by sixty indicators. Therefore, it is clear that the problems and issues associated with the achievement of these goals are very complex to be addressed by a single discipline and that community informatics (CI) may have an important role to play in interdisciplinary efforts to address these goals. Against this backdrop, one of the first challenges is to put the notion of a social inclusion system (a system to promote social sustainability) in more precise terms. In this direction, the purpose of this paper is to discuss and present an initial ontology to describe social inclusion systems. While ontological development in sustainability science has emphasized a problem-solution approach, we believe that the issues of social inclusion will be more naturally addressed by a situation-transformation approach, which is the focus of our ontology.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN, KESEHATAN DAN GENDER TERHADAP TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

Media Ekonomi ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Reky Oktavian Fikri ◽  
Agustina Suparyati
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Fixed Effect ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Educational Variables ◽  
Effect Method

<em>The purpose of this study is expected to analyze how and how big the influence of education variables (RLS), health variables (AHH) and gender variables (TPAK) to poverty in East Nusa Tenggara, so it is expected to be used as one the basis for determining poverty reduction policy in East Nusa Tenggara. </em><em>While the method of analysis used in this research is linear regression data panel with Fixed Effect Method and with the help of software eviews 9. The data used in this study are secondary data obtained from BPS and East Nusa Tenggara Book In Number as support.</em> <em>The results of this study indicate that educational variables (RLS) significantly and negatively correlated to poverty rate, health variables (AHH) significantly and negatively correlated to poverty rate and gender variables (TPAK) have no significant effect and negative correlation to poverty rate in East Nusa Tenggara.</em>

scholarly journals ANALISIS INDEKS KEMISKINAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN FGT INDEX SESUDAH PROGRAM IKHTIAR (Studi Kasus : Program Ikhtiar Masyarakat Mandiri di Desa Tegal dan Desa Babakan Sabrang, Kecamatan Ciseeng, Kabupaten Bogor)

Media Ekonomi ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Dessy Firstiana
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The People ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Village

<p>Poverty is a fundamental problem faced by the people of Indonesia. This thesis discusses the empirical the charity if charity has mustahiq poverty rate using poverty indices and income mustahiq Determination program at Tegal village and the village of Kampung Anyar Babakan Sabrang, Ciseeng district, Bogor regency. Determination Program is a poverty reduction and empowerment of the poor by the Institute Amil Zakat Wallet Dhuafa Republika, Foundation for Community Empowerment, and Governmental Cooperative Self Determination. This study used FGT index consisting of headcount index (H), the depth of poverty (P1) and severity of poverty (P2). The findings of this study indicate that the poverty index mustahiq measured using FGT index, the poverty rate mustahiq will increasingly come down once they join the program endeavor. It can be concluded that the income per capita mustahiq significantly affected by income from a job / business which uses funds from the Program Determination, activity mustahiq work, and the number of families mustahiq the load.<br />Keywords: Poverty, Zakat, FGT index</p>

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