scholarly journals Food allergy: is desensitization an effective treatment strategy in patients with peanut allergy?

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Andre Leonardo Nogueira Farias ◽  
Humberto Farias Castelo Branco Junior ◽  
Halisson Caio Freitas Castelo Branco
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Peanut Allergy ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Immune Mechanisms ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Background: Adverse reactions to foods are divided in two main groups: food intolerance (non-immune process) and food allergies (immune-mediated process). The food allergy (FA) is a common and on rise condition in population. Although there is possibility of preventive or symptomatic relief through use of antihistamines and corticosteroids, it lacks full cure. Heretofore, it was believed that the only really effective treatment against this condition would be complete allergen restriction. Aim: To review the immune mechanisms related with food allergy and propose a new therapeutic technic called desensitization. Methods: Non‑systematic review. Findings: FA is more common in children and in patients with other allergic conditions. Allergies related to peanut/milk/egg/fish/crustacean shellfish are more common and permanent. FA is a complex and multifactorial process, which mixes genetic and environmental factors. Conclusion: Food allergy is a health problem worldwide. Scientists still need a better understand of the immune mechanisms involved in the food allergy pathogenesis & in the human susceptibility to allergens. Therefore, scientists will need to improve definitive therapeutic modalities to avoid dramatic outcomes.

Food Allergies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Greenhawt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Adverse Reaction ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Eosinophilic Esophagitis ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oral Allergy Syndrome ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Food Protein

Food allergy represents a rapidly growing public health problem in the United States and other westernized nations. Adverse reactions to foods are categorized as either immunologic or nonimmunologic reactions. This distinction is highly important but often confusing to patients and physicians unfamiliar with allergy, who may simply describe any adverse reaction to a food as an “allergy.” A food allergy is an immune-mediated, adverse reaction to one or more protein allergens in a particular food item involving recognition of that protein by specifically targeted IgE or allergen-specific T cells. This chapter discusses the definition, pathophysiology, epidemiology, testing, management, prognosis, and natural history of food allergy. Clinical manifestations are systematically covered, including cutaneous, respiratory, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal reactions, as well as eosinophilic esophagitis, food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome, and oral allergy syndrome. Emerging treatments such as food oral immunotherapy are also reviewed. Tables outline signs and symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity reactions to food, the prevalence of major food allergens in the United States, common patterns of cross-reactivity among foods, clinical criteria for the diagnosis of anaphylaxis, and clinical studies involving treatment for food allergies. Figures illustrate the classification of adverse reactions to food, esophageal histology, visual and radiographic features of eosinophilic esophagitis, and a food allergy action plan. This review contains 4 figures, 8 tables, and 64 references. KeyWords: Food allergy, Hypersensitivity, IgE-mediated allergy, Eosinophilic esophagitis, Anaphylaxis

scholarly journals Food Allergies: Current and Future Treatments

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia Licari ◽  
Sara Manti ◽  
Alessia Marseglia ◽  
Ilaria Brambilla ◽  
Martina Votto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Dietary Restrictions ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Allergy Treatment

Food allergies are an increasingly public health problem, affecting up to 10% of children and causing a significant burden on affected patients, resulting in dietary restrictions, fear of accidental ingestion and related risk of severe reactions, as well as a reduced quality of life. Currently, there is no specific cure for a food allergy, so the only available management is limited to strict dietary avoidance, education on prompt recognition of symptoms, and emergency treatment of adverse reactions. Several allergen specific- and nonspecific-therapies, aiming to acquire a persistent food tolerance, are under investigation as potential treatments; however, to date, only immunotherapy has been identified as the most promising therapeutic approach for food allergy treatment. The aim of this review is to provide an updated overview on changes in the treatment landscape for food allergies.

scholarly journals Interdisciplinary Significance of Food-Related Adverse Reactions in Adulthood

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3725
Author(s):  
Dóra Solymosi ◽  
Miklós Sárdy ◽  
Györgyi Pónyai
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Oral Allergy Syndrome ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Detailed Medical History

Background: Adults frequently interpret food-associated adverse reactions as indicators of a food allergy. However, the public perception of food allergy may differ from a clinician’s point of view. The prevalence of patient-reported food allergy tends to be higher than physician-confirmed cases. Dermatological manifestations (urticaria, pruritus, dermatitis, and edema) are frequently reported by patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe patient-reported symptoms related to suspected food allergies and particularly to characterize and highlight the volume of patients who visit Budapest allergy clinics with suspected food allergies. Methods: In this prospective study, adult (≥18 years) patients were examined at the Allergology Outpatient Unit of the Dept. of Dermatology, Venereology, and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest. The examination included a detailed medical history; physical examination; and when necessary the measurement of allergen-specific serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. Results: Data from 501 patients (393 women, 108 men) were analyzed. Intolerance to dietary biogenic amines occurred in 250 cases (250/501, 50%). Oral allergy syndrome was confirmed in 71 patients (71/501, 14%). Allergy to food preservatives was diagnosed in 14 (14/501, 3%) cases by a dermatologist-allergist specialist. Five individuals (5/501, 1%) were diagnosed with IgE-mediated food allergy. In some cases (28/501, 6%), edema-inducing/enhancing side effects of drugs were observed which patients had misattributed to various foods. Among the food groups considered to be provoking factors, the most frequently mentioned were fruits (198/501, 40%), milk/dairy products (174/501, 35%), and nuts/oilseeds (144/501, 29%). Overwhelmingly, urticaria (47%) was the most common dermatological diagnosis, followed by dermatitis (20%) and allergic contact dermatitis (8%). Conclusion: Improvement is needed in food allergy, food intolerance, and general nutritional knowledge among the general public. According to our data, perceived/self-reported food allergies were overestimated by adults when compared against physician-confirmed food allergies; however, other diseases potentially responsible for food-related problems were underestimated. The prevalence of oral allergy syndrome was high in the cohort. Intolerance to dietary biogenic amines was common, and although the role of dietary histamine and biogenic amine is not entirely understood in eliciting patients’ symptoms, improvements in complaints were reported during the control visits.

scholarly journals A study on self-reported food allergy in young adults from various colleges in Kerala, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4290
Author(s):  
Renata Ann Dias ◽  
Jenyz M. Mundodan ◽  
Sruthi M. V.
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Food Fish

Background: Food allergy is defined as a reproducible adverse immune reaction to food proteins. Food allergies can result in life threatening reactions and diminish quality of life. In the last several decades, prevalence of food allergy has increased in several regions throughout the world.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 321 young adults of the age 17 to 26 years from various colleges in Kerala. The participants were asked to fill out a pretested questionnaire. The data was collected and entered in MS Excel and analyzed.Results: Adverse reactions following food consumption was experienced by 82 respondents (25.5%). Out of these 82 respondents, 38 (46%) had their condition diagnosed by a doctor. 23 respondents had only one episode of such an attack. 41 respondents took medications for the attack. 14 respondents had been hospitalized at least once for such an attack. The most common symptoms following the consumption of food were as follows: vomiting, itching and eczema. The symptoms occur after the consumption of sea food/fish and eggs mostly. 27 respondents had a family history of food allergy.Conclusions: The symptoms of food allergy may vary from minor itching to even anaphylaxis. It is very important to know the causative allergen in the diet to prevent the occurrence of an episode of food allergy. 

scholarly journals Biologic therapy for food allergy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Meng Chen ◽  
Wenming Zhang ◽  
Lisa Lee ◽  
Jamie Saxena ◽  
Sayantani Sindher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Biologic Therapy ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Oral Immunotherapy ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Dna Plasmid ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Significant Health

With the rising prevalence, food allergies have become a significant health burden that affects 6% to 13% of the global population. Although oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been promising for food allergies, this therapy has limitations, including high rates of adverse reactions and long treatment periods. Biologics may address these limitations by increasing the safety and tolerability of OIT and decreasing treatment periods. The use of biologics and vaccines are actively being explored as monotherapy as well as adjunctive therapy in combination with allergen specific OIT. A number of biologics that target key molecules known to be involved in food allergy are under investigation, including anti‐immunoglobulin E therapy (omalizumab), anti‐interleukin (IL) 4 receptor α (dupilumab), anti‐IL-5 (mepolizumab and reslizumab), and anti‐IL-5R (benralizumab), anti‐IL-33 (etokimab), and peanut DNA plasmid vaccines. In the era of precision medicine, the future of food allergy looks promising, and biologics will provide treatment as well as further insights into the molecular mechanisms associated with food allergy.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПУТИ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ТЕРАПИИ ПИЩЕВОЙ АЛЛЕРГИИ У ДЕТЕЙ

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Mukhortykh ◽  
V.A. Revyakina ◽  
I.A. Larkova ◽  
E.D. Kuvshinova
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Overall Effectiveness

Цель. Оценить эффективность и безопасность мультиштаммового пробиотика у детей с различными клиническими проявлениями пищевой аллергии. Материалы и методы. Под наблюдением находились 192 ребенка в возрасте от 3 мес до 3 лет с кожными, гастроинтестинальными и сочетанными (кожно-гастроинтестинальными) проявлениями пищевой аллергии. Пациенты основной группы получали комплексную терапию и мультиштаммовый пробиотик. Пациенты группы сравнения не получали исследуемый пробиотик. Поведена клиническая оценка динамики симптомов на фоне проводимого лечения (исходно и через 30 дней). Результаты. Использование мультиштаммового пробиотика в течение 30 дней у детей с различными клиническими проявлениями пищевой аллергии показало положительное влияние на общее состояние детей и динамику клинических симптомов со стороны кожи и желудочно-кишечного тракта. Общая эффективность терапии у детей основной группы составила 80,3 против 68,6 в группе сравнения. Переносимость пробиотика была хорошей, побочных реакций на прием не отмечено. Выводы. Включение пробиотика нового поколения в комплексную терапию пищевой аллергии способствует улучшению течения болезни и повышению эффективности лечения.Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a multi-strain probiotic in children with various clinical manifestations of food allergy. Materials and methods. Under the supervision there were 192 children aged from 3 months to 3 years with skin, gastrointestinal and combined (skingastrointestinal) manifestations of food allergies. Patients of the main group received complex therapy and a multistrain probiotic. Patients in the control group did not receive probiotic. Clinical assessment of symptoms during the treatment was conducted (initially and after 30 days). Results. The use of a multistrain probiotic in children with various clinical manifestations of food allergy during 30 days showed improvement of skin and gastrointestinal symptoms of food allergy. The overall effectiveness of therapy in children of the main group was 80.3 versus 68.6 in the control group. Probiotic tolerance was good no adverse reactions were noted. Conclusion. The inclusion of a new generation probiotic in the complex therapy of food allergies helps to improve the course of the disease and increase the effectiveness of treatment.

scholarly journals Sex Disparity in Food Allergy: Evidence from the PubMed Database

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb Kelly ◽  
Venu Gangur
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Sex Disparity ◽  
The Relationship

Food allergies are potentially fatal immune-mediated disorders that are growing globally. The relationship between sex and food allergy remains incompletely understood. Here we tested the hypothesis that, should sex influence the clinical response to food allergens, this would be reflected by a sex disparity in published studies of food allergy. We performed a systematic search of the PubMed literature for IgE-mediated allergy to 11 allergenic foods of international regulatory importance. No date restriction was used and only articles in English were considered. Of the 4744 articles retrieved, 591 met the inclusion criteria representing 17528 subjects with food allergies. Whereas among children with food allergies, 64.35% were males and 35.65% were females (male/female ratio, 1.80), among adults 34.82% were males and 65.18% were females (male/female ratio, 0.53). Consequently, these data argue that there is need for further investigation to define the role of sex in the pathogenesis of food allergy.

scholarly journals Food Allergy: Unproven diagnostics and therapeutics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-94
Author(s):  
Megan F. Patterson ◽  
Stacy L. Dorris
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Skin Prick Testing ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Food Challenge ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities

Food allergy or intolerance is often attributed by patients as the cause of many symptoms unknown to be directly related to food ingestion. For immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated food allergy, diagnostic modalities are currently limited to the combination of clinical history, evidence of sensitization with food-specific IgE testing and skin-prick testing, and oral food challenge. Many patients find an appeal in the promise of identification of the etiology of their symptoms through alternative food allergy or intolerance diagnostic modalities. These patients may seek guidance from allergists or their general providers as to the legitimacy of these tests or interpretation of results. These tests include food-specific serum IgG or IgG4 testing, flow cytometry to measure the change in leukocyte volume after exposure to food, intradermal or sublingual provocation-neutralization, electrodermal testing, applied kinesiology, hair analysis, and iridology. In addition, there are some unconventional therapeutic modalities for adverse reactions to foods, including rotary diets. None of these have been supported by scientific evidence, and some even carry the risk of severe adverse reactions. It is important that we offer our patients evidence-based, accurate counseling of these unproven modalities by understanding their methods, their paucity of credible scientific support, and their associated risks.

scholarly journals Nutritional Aspects in Diagnosis and Management of Food Hypersensitivity—The Dietitians Role

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Venter ◽  
Kirsi Laitinen ◽  
Berber Vlieg-Boerstra
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Food Hypersensitivity ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Hen’S Egg ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Diagnostic Work

Many common foods including cow’s milk, hen’s egg, soya, peanut, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, and wheat may cause food allergies. The prevalence of these immune-mediated adverse reactions to foods ranges from 0.5% to 9% in different populations. In simple terms, the cornerstone of managing food allergy is to avoid consumption of foods causing symptoms and to replace them with nutritionally equivalent foods. If poorly managed, food allergy impairs quality of life more than necessary, affects normal growth in children, and causes an additional economic burden to society. Delay in diagnosis may be a further incremental factor. Thus, an increased awareness of the appropriate procedures for both diagnosis and management is of importance. This paper sets out to present principles for taking an allergy-focused diet history as part of the diagnostic work-up of food allergy. A short overview of guidelines and principles for dietary management of food allergy is discussed focusing on the nutritional management of food allergies and the particular role of the dietitian in this process.

scholarly journals EuroPrevall Survey on Prevalence and Pattern of Self-Reported Adverse Reactions to Food and Food Allergies Among Primary Schoolchildren in Vilnius, Lithuania

Medicina ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrius Kavaliūnas ◽  
Genė Šurkienė ◽  
Rūta Dubakienė ◽  
Rimantas Stukas ◽  
Kęstutis Žagminas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Food Hypersensitivity ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Primary Schoolchildren ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Vilnius University

The aim of the research was to assess the prevalence and pattern of self-reported adverse reactions to food and food allergies among primary schoolchildren in Vilnius. Material and Methods. Vilnius University was a partner in the EuroPrevall project. A total of 4333 schoolchildren from 13 primary schools participated in the study. Of all 4333 questionnaires distributed, 3084 were returned (response rate, 71.2%). This screening phase was followed by the second (clinical) part with an objective confirmative laboratory analysis of blood samples for the diagnosis of food allergy. For the research purposes, 186 blood samples for IgE were analyzed. Results. Almost half of the children had an illness or a disorder caused by eating food. The prevalence of adverse reactions to food was found to be increasing with age from 6 to 10 years. Food allergy was diagnosed in 16.4% of children. Boys had food allergy more frequently than girls. Diarrhea or vomiting and a rash, urticarial rash, or itchy skin were the most commonly mentioned symptoms. Fruits, berries, and milk and dairy were found to be the most common foods to cause adverse reactions. The most relevant foods for children with IgE-mediated food allergy were cow’s milk and hazelnuts. Conclusions. The prevalence of self-reported food hypersensitivity among primary schoolchildren was observed in almost half of the studied population. Fruits, berries, and milk and dairy were the most common foods to cause adverse reactions among primary schoolchildren in Lithuania. The determined differences in the prevalence of food hypersensitivity and IgE-mediated food allergy and associations with gender and age need further scientific analysis for the development of prognostic and diagnostic tools.

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