scholarly journals Use of Trichaderma sp. For Biological Control of Diplodia Disease in Siam Banjar Citrus

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Abdul Mujib
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Botryodiplodia Theobromae ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Two Factors

Siam Banjar Citrus has a very bright prospect to be develoved, becomes a contributor to the national fruit products with various types and varieties and has the production that does not depend on seasons. Diplodia disease in citrus still becomes a major problem because it causes loss of high yield and affecth the gain of  production. The disease, caused by Botryodiplodia theobromae pat., indicates symptoms of lesions on citrus trunk, such as narrow lines on the trunk, and can cause plant death due to the disruption of transport of water and nutrients from the soil to the plants. The objectives of the research were to find out the effects of the interaction between Trichokompos fertilizer sp.,to determine the combination of Trichokompos fertilizer and Tricjoderma sp. Solution for Diplodia disease control. The study was conducted from january to april 2012, in Rantau Badauh sub- district. This experiment employed Randomized Blok Design (RBD) consisting of three replications and two factors , namely the dosage of  Trichokompos fertilizer (0 kg, 10 kg and 20 kg), and the dosage of  Trichoderma sp. (0 g/l lt EKG, 50 g/l lt EKG , 100 g/l lt EKG, 150g/l lt EKG and 200 g/l lt EKG). The observations were conducted on the presence of fungi and the measurement of bark lesions. The result showed  that there was no intraction between the two treatmeants, and the significant effect of the application of  Trichoderma sp. Against the widespread symptoms of  doplodia at all observation time with the best dosage was 50 g/l ECG. The results of the regression indicated that the higher concentration and the longer time of the applicatin of Trichoderma sp. Would reduce the widespread of symptoms caused by diplodia in citrus.

scholarly journals Exploration and Effectiveness of Trichoderma sp. from Jember and Trenggalek, East Java, Indonesia Cacao Plantation as A Biological Control of Phytophthora palmivora

2021 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 00022
Author(s):  
Henik Sukorini ◽  
Feby Wirasdenty Aigahayunindy ◽  
Erfan Dani Septia ◽  
Netnapis Khewkhom
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Cacao Plantation ◽  
All Treatment

Fruit rot disease is very damaging to cacao pods, which is caused by Phytoptora palmivora. The attack rate of P. palmivora varies. In Java, losses due to this disease reduce yields by 90 %. P. palmivora is a soil–borne pathogen. It is currently included in the Kingdom Chromista. Control with fungicides is not successful at this time, the alternatives is biologis control with Trichoderma sp. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which was arranged in factorial with two factors. The first factor was Trichoderma sp. the second factor was P. palmivora. All treatment combinations were repeated three times. Trichoderma sp. antagonist test to P. palmivora was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and then further tested using a 5 % BNJ. Trichoderma sp. origin from Jember and Trenggalek districts, East Java, Indonesia were able to act as antagonists against P. palmivora with the highest inhibitory of 78 %. In comparison, the lowest inhibitory was 70 % of isolates from Jember district, East java, Indoe. Characteristics of Trichoderma sp. The origin of Trenggalek Regency and Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia in inhibiting the growth of P. palmivora has the same species, namely Trichoderma harzianum.

scholarly journals EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN Trichoderma sp UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM (Fusarium oxysporium) DAN PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT TANAMAN PISANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-28
Author(s):  
Bukhari Bukhari ◽  
Nuryulsen Safridar
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Variance Test ◽  
Medium Intensity ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Two Factors

This research was conducted in Pante Cermin, Padang Tiji Subdistrict, Pidie District. in March to August 2015, with the aim to know the use efficienci of Trichoderma sp on the growth of several types of Banana seedlings (Musa Paracica L.) This research using Randomized Block Design (RAK) factorial pattern with the factors studied is the type of banana and trichoderma dose . Both factors consist of 4 levels: Banana Barangan (J1), Ambon banana (J2), Banana King (J3) and Geupok banana (J4). While the dose of Tricoderma sp is: TO = 0 g / seeds T1 = 15 g / seeds T2 = 30 g / seedlings and T3 = 45 g / seedlings. So there are 16 treatment combinations and repeated 3 times, which resulted in 48 experimental units.To determine the influence of each treatment and its interaction on the growth of banana seedlings, the analysis of variance (Test F) and continued with the test of Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) at 5% level.The results showed that the growth of good banana seedlings among 4 species studied was shown by Barangan bananas, but not unlike bananas. However, trichoderma administration until the age of 4 months has not shown the growth and intensity of different attacks. So it should be extended the study period to 6 months. After 6 months of research there has been a difference in growth and intensity of attack, where the intensity of the greatest attack is shown by T0 (without trichoderma). Medium intensity of smallest attack is shown by T3 (Dose trichoderma sp 45 gr / banana seedlings). The type of banana does not affect the growth and intensity of fusarium wilt attack. and the interaction of these two factors had no significant effect on the growth of banana seedlings and the intensity of Fusarium wilt disease.

Plackett-Burman Design for Media Nutrients of Biocontrol Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus BPM1 against Aflatoxin

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 295-298
Author(s):  
Kai Wang ◽  
Pei Sheng Yan ◽  
Li Xin Cao
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Peanut Hulls ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Burman Design ◽  
Soya Peptone ◽  
Plackett Burman Design ◽  
Biocontrol Bacterium

Aflatoxins (AFs) are a series of highly toxic and carcinogenic secondary metabolites. In order to eliminate AFs contamination, biological control is one of the more promising techniques. In this study, we describe the optimization of media nutrients for the selected biocontrol bacterium, Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus strain BPM1. The strain was isolated from the peanut hulls in Shandong Province, China and exhibited antagonistic activity against aflatoxins. Maltose and sucrose were identified as best carbon source, while soya peptone and yeast extract as nitrogen source led to the highest OD600 observations. Medium composition was optimized using Plackett-Burman design, which was applied to find the key ingredients. The results revealed that the most significant two factors which were more effective in the fermentation of L. xylanilyticus BPM1 were soya peptone and yeast extract.

scholarly journals SELEÇÃO IN VITRO DE FUNGOS ENDOFÍTICOS PARA O CONTROLE BIOLÓGICO DE Botrytis cinerea EM Eucalyptus benthamii

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Sbravatti Junior ◽  
Celso Garcia Auer ◽  
Ida Chapaval Pimentel ◽  
Álvaro Figueredo dos Santos ◽  
Bruno Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Forest Nurseries ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Foliar Pathogens

   O Eucalyptus benthamii é uma das principais espécies de eucalipto plantadas na região Sul do Brasil, por sua resistência a geadas e por seu uso na produção florestal de madeira para fins energéticos. Na produção de mudas, uma das principais doenças ocorrentes em viveiros é o mofo-cinzento, causado pelo fungo Botrytis cinerea. Uma das alternativas para o controle dessa doença é o controle biológico com fungos endofíticos, os quais podem competir com os patógenos foliares de mudas de eucalipto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar os fungos endofíticos provenientes de mudas de E. benthamii, identificá-los e selecioná-los para o controle de B. cinerea. Eles foram isolados do interior de tecidos vegetais desinfectados, identificados de acordo com critérios macro e micromorfológicos e classificados a partir de testes de controle biológico in vitro. Os resultados evidenciaram o potencial antagonista dos fungos Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp. e Trichoderma sp. Nenhum desses fungos causou lesões em mudas de E. benthamii.Palavras-chave: Mofo-cinzento; eucalipto; viveiro.AbstractIn vitro selection of endophytes for biological control of Botrytis cinerea in Eucalyptus benthamii. Eucalyptus benthamii is one of the main eucalypt species planted in Southern Brazil, due to its resistance to frost and its use in the production of forest wood for energy purposes. During the production of seedlings, the main disease occurring in forest nurseries is gray-mold caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea. One alternative for control this disease is biological control with fungal endophytes, which can compete with the foliar pathogens of eucalypt seedlings. The objective of this study was to isolate endophytic fungi from seedlings of Eucalyptus benthamii, identify and select them for B. cinerea control. These were isolated from the interior of disinfected plant tissues, identified according to macro and micromorphological criteria, and based on tests of biological control in vitro. The results revealed the potential antagonist of Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp. and Trichoderma sp. No fungi caused lesions in E. benthamii seedlings.Keywords: Gray-mold; eucalypt; nursery.    

scholarly journals Multiple Treatment Meta-Analysis of Products Evaluated for Control of Fire Blight in the Eastern United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 512-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. K. Ngugi ◽  
B. L. Lehman ◽  
L. V. Madden
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Plant Defense ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Pantoea Agglomerans ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prohexadione Calcium

The aim of this analysis was to estimate the effect sizes and consistency of products evaluated for fire blight control in the eastern United States over the last decade. Because only 3% of the 69 studies published from 2000 to 2008 explicitly presented a measure of within-study variability, a method for estimating the least significant difference (LSD) and, hence the sampling variance, for studies with at least two significant mean separations in the presented mean multiple comparisons was developed. Lin's concordance analysis indicated that the estimated LSD was an accurate predictor of the actual LSD based on 35 studies in a calibration evaluation (ρc = 0.997). Separate multi-treatment random-effects meta-analyses were performed for three control categories: antibiotics, biological control, and plant defense-activating products and mean log response ratios relative to the nontreated controls ([Formula: see text]) were computed for each treatment and then back-transformed to obtain the mean percent disease control. None of the products evaluated performed as well as streptomycin, the standard product for fire blight control, for which the mean disease control was 68.6%. As a group, experimental antibiotics provided the best fire blight control with mean effect sizes ranging from 59.7 to 61.7%. Among the biological controls, the best control was noted for treatments combining the antibiotic streptomycin with a product based on Pantoea agglomerans (55.0% mean disease reduction) or Bacillus subtilis (53.9%). Mean disease control was 31.9, 25.7, and 22.6%, respectively, for products based on B. subtilis, Pantoea agglomerans, and Pseudomonas fluorescens without an antibiotic, suggesting that the higher efficacy of the combination treatments was due to the antibiotic. Among the plant defense-activating products, prohexadione calcium had the highest and most consistent effect size (50.7% control), while other products provided modest mean disease control of between 6.1 and 25.8%. Percent control values were significantly moderated by study location and cultivar used in the study, and were smaller, but more variable, when products were tested under high disease intensity compared with low disease intensity. Results indicate that wide-scale use of biological control and plant defense-activating products in the eastern United States is likely to remain low.

scholarly journals Nitrogen levels via fertigation and irrigation depths in the arugula culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-349
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique Soares Silva ◽  
Luiz Fabiano Palaretti ◽  
Arthur Bernardes Cecílio Filho ◽  
Yane Freitas da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Tissue Water ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

ABSTRACT In vegetables, especially the leafy ones, nitrogen (N) and water are essential in its growth, being N the second most absorbed and identified nutrient in the arugula leaf tissue. Water is essential for horticultural crops, so its use must be rational in order to achieve high yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen levels and irrigation depths on the productive characteristics, the total leaf chlorophyll index (ICF) and nitrogen contents in the arugula culture. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design subdivided in plots, with two factors: A) nitrogen levels applied in coverage (25, 50, 100, 125 and 150 mg dm-3) and B) irrigation depths [(50 and 100% of the available water capacity (AWC)]. At harvest, 37 days after transplantation (DAT), we observed a significant effect of the treatments when individually analyzed, and also a significant interaction between factors of the analyzed variables. The nitrogen content in the plant showed no effect for irrigation depths. However, the highest content was found in the level of 129 mg dm-3 (27.8 g kg-1), corresponding to an increase of 26% in relation to the lowest level (25 mg dm-3; 22.07 g kg-1). In conclusion, the supply of 150 mg dm-3 nitrogen and full irrigation management (100% of AWC) provided substantial increase in height, leaf area and fresh mass of aerial part of the plant.

scholarly journals Exploration and Identification Trichoderma spp. as a Biological Control Agents to Plant Pathogens and Starter Making Biological Fertilizers

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-226
Author(s):  
Henny V.G. Makal ◽  
Max M. Ratulangi ◽  
Denny S. Sualang
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Biological Fertilizer

The objectives of this study are: (1) to inventory Trichoderma spp. in North Minahasa District, South Minahasa District, and Tomohon City-Minahasa District, (2) inventory of Trichoderma spp. in the rhizosphere of cultivated and fallow gardens, and (3) calculate the population density of Trichoderma spp. all soil samples. The scope of this study is the biological control of plant pathogens, induce plant resistance, and biological fertilizer production. Trichoderma isolation spp. has been carried out by dilution method and cultured on PDA + antibiotics. Population density of Trichoderma spp. calculated using the plate calculation method. Identification of this species function based on the color and patterns of sporulation in the colony; hyphae and clamydospores; conidiophores; and phialides and phialospores. Trichoderma species found in North Minahasa District were T. harzianum, T. koningii, and T. viride; in South Minahasa District, T. koningii and T. viride; and in Tomohon City-Minahasa District, T. koningii and T. viride. In fallow gardens were T. harzianum, T. koningii, and T. viride, and in cultivated gardens were T. koningii and T. viride. Population densities of Trichoderma sp. in South Minahasa District, North Minahasa District, and Tomohon City-Minahasa District, respectively 1,363.64, 466.67, and 26.67 CFU / g soil.

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