scholarly journals ELIMINATION OF ANTIBIOTICS BY PHOTOCATALYTIC METHODS

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Kutuzova ◽  
Tetiana Dontsova ◽  
Maryna Davydova
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Commercial Sample ◽  
Environment Analysis ◽  
X Ray

Antibiotics have been found in water bodies of different origin around the world, including natural waters. The presence of antibiotics in natural waters is already an important environmental problem, as they pose a potential threat to the environment. Analysis of the literature shows that photocatalytic methods are considered to be more promising than biological methods and adsorption processes for the treatment of water bodies contaminated with antibiotics and other pharmaceuticals. The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of antibiotics removal (ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim) by photocatalytic methods over TiO2 photocatalyst modified with yttrium oxide. For this purpose, a commercial sample of TiO2 P25 (Evonik) was modified, which was further characterized by X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence analysis methods. The obtained data indicate the presence of yttrium in commercial P25 sample after modification. Studies on the removal of antibiotics from aqueous solutions by photocatalytic methods were carried out in three ways: employing modified photocatalyst; combination of photocatalyst and hydrogen peroxide, and the combination of photocatalyst with hydrogen peroxide and ozone. The results of research demonstrate high efficiency of photocatalytic methods in the oxidation of antibiotics in aqueous solutions, among which the greatest oxidation is achieved using the combination of heterogeneous photocatalyst, hydrogen peroxide and ozone.

Speciation of inorganic As and Sb in natural waters by total reflection X-ray fluorescence following selective hydride generation and trapping onto quartz reflectors coated with nanostructured Pd

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1705-1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanesa Romero ◽  
Laura Vilas ◽  
Isela Lavilla ◽  
Carlos Bendicho
Keyword(s):  
Palladium Nanoparticles ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Hydride Generation ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inorganic As

Inorganic As and Sb speciation by total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis following selective hydride generation and trapping onto palladium nanoparticles.

X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of Stainless Steel in Aqueous Solutions

1959 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1629-1631 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Jones ◽  
R. W. Ashley
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Release of Cationic Drugs from Charcoal

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 683
Author(s):  
Chiara Di Ruocco ◽  
Maria Acocella ◽  
Gaetano Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Acidic Solutions ◽  
Cationic Drugs ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Harsh Conditions

The goal of this research is to improve preparation of charcoal adducts in a manner suitable for cationic drug release, possibly using an eco-friendly procedure. Charcoal, widely commercialized for human ingestion, is oxidized by hydrogen peroxide in mild conditions. Adducts of a cationic drug (lidocaine hydrochloride, a medication used as local anesthetic) with charcoal are prepared after basification of charcoal and characterized mainly by elemental analysis, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry. The drug in the prepared adducts is present in amount close to 30% by weight and can be readily released to both neutral and acidic aqueous solutions. Cation release, as studied by UV spectra of aqueous solutions, is faster in acidic solutions and is faster than for adducts with graphite oxide, which can be prepared only in harsh conditions.

X-ray- and heat-induced generation of hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solutions of L-amino acids

BIOPHYSICS ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Shtarkman ◽  
S. V. Gudkov ◽  
A. V. Chernikov ◽  
V. I. Bruskov
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
X Ray

Synchrotron Radiation X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis with a Crystal Spectrometer

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (B) ◽  
pp. 1027-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazutaka Ohashi ◽  
Mamoru Takahashl ◽  
Yohichi Gohshi ◽  
Atsuo Iida ◽  
Shunji Eishimoto
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
High Energy Resolution ◽  
Present System ◽  
High Brightness ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Position Sensitive

AbstractA wavelength dispersive spectrometer which consists of a flat crystal analyser and a position sensitive proportional counter has been developed for X-ray fluorescence analysis using synchrotron radiation. The advantages of this spectrometer are high energy resolution, multielemental nature, and high efficiency, and these match well "with the high brightness synchrotron X-ray source. The minimum detection limits are of the order of ppm or pg. An application to elemental mapping has also been demonstrated. The present system is useful for practical analysis of small samples or small regions.

Preconcentration of Uranium in Natural Waters for X-ray Fluorescence Analysis

1976 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Hathaway ◽  
G. W. James
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Process Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chelex 100

Use of Chelex-100 impregnated filter membranes for preconcentration of uranium in ground-water samples for XRF analysis leads to lower processing time, sample size, and detection limit than achieved in a batch extraction process. Data is presented, for potential effects of iron and organic matter in natural waters upon the recovery of uranium when using Chelex-100.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF COMPLEXATION OF MANGANESE (II) IONS WITH DIHY-DROQUERCETIN IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Yelena Vladimirovna Stolpovskaya ◽  
Natalya Nikolaevna Trofimova ◽  
Vasily Anatolyevich Babkin ◽  
Spartak Spiridonovich Khutsishvili ◽  
Roman Georgievich Zhitov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Complexation Reaction ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratio ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Molar Ratios

The purpose of this work was to study and optimize the complexation reaction of Mn2+ ions with flavonoid dihydroquercetin (DHQ) in aqueous solutions. It was found that the interaction of DHQ (0.015–0.030 M) with manganese (II) salts at molar ratios of DHQ : Mn2+ from 1 : 1 to 1 : 3 at pH 6.9–7.9 leads to the formation of a complex compound (CC) with a stoichiometric ratio of metal : flavonoid ligand (Met : L) 1 : 1. The conditions for the complexation of Mn2+ ions with dihydroquercetin at laboratory conditions optimized for the yield of the product, are proposed. The maximum yield of the complex (95%) was achieved at the interaction of DHQ with Mn(CH3COO)2∙4H2O under conditions: pH 7.7, 70 °C, the reaction time was 15 min, the molar ratio of the initial reagents DHQ: Mn2+ was 1 : 1.5, the initial concentrations were 0.020 M DHQ and 0.030 M Mn2+. The most probable composition of the complex with the determination of the amount of bound water [MnL(OH)(H2O)2] and the structure of the complex were established using the data of thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), elemental analysis and X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), confirmed by the data of total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis (TXRF), and EPR spectroscopy data.

Applications of laboratory-based X-ray microbeam diffraction and fluorescence analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
Brian R. York
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wave Guides ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

The quantitative structural and chemical analysis of bulk materials is generally done using x-ray diffraction and fluorescence techniques. This is due, in large part, to the vast body of work which has gone into characterizing the x-ray scattering process and the ease with which this interaction canbe kinematically modeled to high precision. Other salient features of x-ray analytical techniques aretheir use as subsurface probes, they require minimal specimen preparation, and ambient conditions are generally adequate for analysis. However, as microanalytical tools, these techniques were typically abandoned because of the difficulty encountered in confining the x-rays to dimensions <<.1 mm with sufficient intensity for a timely analysis. Recently, there has been a rekindled interestin x-ray microbeam analysis because of the reintroduction of tapered capillaries as total reflection x-ray optics. Tapered capillaries can essentially capture larger solid angles nearer the x-ray sourceand act as x-ray wave guides to transport the x-rays to the specimen with high efficiency. It is now possible using laboratory x-ray sources, to produce x-ray beams suitable for diffraction or fluorescence analysis, with diameters in the range of 3-12 μm. X-ray diffraction patterns have been acquired from diffraction volumes as small as 2 μm and fluorescence maps with 5 μm spatialresolution have been demonstrated.

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