Potential of Trichoderma spp. on Growth Promotion and Mitigating Cadmium Uptake in Rice Plant under the Metal Stress Ecosystem

Trichoderma spp. is a cosmopolitan group of soil fungi which plays a remarkable role in stimulating plant growth after interacting with plant roots and has good application prospects in intensive agriculture. In this study, rice straw and amino acids improved the population of Trichoderma guizhouense NJAU4742 under solid-state fermentation and helped us develop a new type of organic fertilizer. The effects of this biological organic fertilizer were evaluated in the growth of peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) for two seasons under sandy and mountain soils. In the first season, the yields in T6 (0.06% solid fermentation products in soil) and AT6 (added 0.06% solid fermentation products and 1% amino acid organic fertilizer in soil) treatments were increased by 41.8% and 52.3% in sandy soil and by 51.6% and 46.5% in mountain soil, respectively, compared with chemical fertilizer. During the second season, the same trend was obtained in both sandy and mountain soils. Soil peroxidase activity (125.2 μmol·g−1 dw), urease activity (58.7 μmol·g−1 dw) and invertase activity (13.11 mg·g−1 dw) reached their highest levels in biological organic fertilizer compared to the treatments with chemical fertilizer and solid fermentation products. Redundancy analysis showed that crop yield was positively correlated with enzyme activities, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus. Thus, we demonstrated that NJAU4742-enriched biological organic fertilizer could accelerate the transformation of nutrients and promote pepper growth.

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Elevation of Systemic Defense in Potato Against Alternaria Solani by a Consortium of Compatible Trichoderma Spp.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-409856/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sumit Kumar ◽

Ram Chandra ◽

Lopamudra Behera ◽

Chetan Keswani ◽

Estibaliz Sansinenea

Keyword(s):

Defense Response ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Trichoderma Viride ◽

Alternaria Solani ◽

Antagonistic Activity ◽

Plant Diseases ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Total Protein Content ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Potato Plants

Abstract The crop loss due to phytopathogens is a serious problem affecting the entire world. To avoid economic losses due to phytopathogens synthetic chemicals have been used for years generating serious concerns about the human health and environment. Today the use of beneficial microorganisms to treat phytopathogens is gaining attention. In this way, Trichoderma spp. has been used for combating plant diseases and inducing defense response in plants. With this idea in mind, in this study we evaluate the effectiveness of Trichoderma viride and T. harzianum as single as well as in combination for elevating the defense response and growth promotion activities in potato challenged with Alternaria solani. The mycelial inhibition of A. solani by T. viride and T. harzianum was recorded and compared with control. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation revealed the collapsed hyphae and sunken conidia of A. solani due to antagonistic activity of T. viride and T. harzianum. Induction of defense enzymes including TPC, PAL, SOD and total protein content was increased in Trichoderma spp, treated plants as compared with pathogen inoculated plants. HPLC analysis demonstrated higher production in phenolic compounds during combined application of Trichoderma spp. treated potato plants in the response of A. solani infection. Moreover, treatment with Trichoderma spp. consortium showed significant growth promotion in potato plants comparing with the control.

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Phytostimulation and growth promotion activities of Trichoderma spp. on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) crop

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v13i4.2936 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1172-1179

Author(s):

M. Ayyandurai ◽

R. Akila ◽

K. Manonmani ◽

M. Theradimani ◽

S. Vellaikumar

Keyword(s):

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Pcr Amplification ◽

Its Region ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

High Yield ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Soil Borne Pathogens ◽

Trichoderma Sp ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) suffers from many soil borne pathogens that deteriorate the quality of the seeds and are responsible for high yield loss. Practically Trichoderma sp. is used for seed treatment, it minimizes the seed and soil borne pathogens and supports plant growth promotion activities. In the present study, five different isolates of Trichoderma spp. were isolated from groundnut (A. hypogaea ) rhizosphere soil. All the five isolates were confirmed by morphological methods and using molecular tools through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region of Trichoderma sp. and DNA gets amplified in 650 bp to 700 bp. Trichoderma spp. were molecularly identified as T(SP)-20 (Trichoderma longibrachiatum), T(AR)-10 (T. asperellum), T(VT)-3 (T. hamatum), T(BI)-16 (T. longibrachiatum), T(TK)-23 (T. citrinoviride). Phytostimulation activities of all the six isolates viz., phosphate solubilization, Ammonia production, IAA production, and Siderophore production, were evaluated. Among the six isolates, T(SP)-20, T(AR)-10, and TNAU-TA showed higher phytostimulation activities. The growth promotion of Trichoderma spp. on groundnut was assessed through the roll towel method. The isolate T(SP)-20 (T. longibrachiatum) produced the highest germination percentage of 93.33 and vigor index of 2246.2. This work developed a new isolate of T. longibrachiatum (T(SP)-20) which is a native isolate having significant phytostimulation and growth promotion activities and it could be exploited for other soil borne disease managing successfully.

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Biological control of white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) in lettuce using Brazilian Trichoderma spp. strains

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.19.13.06.p1214 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 803-809 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gerarda Beatriz Pinto da Silva ◽

Leise Inês Heckler ◽

Miria Durigon ◽

Ricardo Feliciano dos Santos ◽

Maike Lovato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽

Large Scale ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Antagonistic Effect ◽

White Mold ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Scale Production ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

History Of

Widely consumed by the Brazilian, lettuce has a cultivated area of 35,000 ha. Among the diseases that might infect this crop, white mold causes major concerns for producers. Mold is caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bar. It can lead to losses of up to 100% in lettuce. The objectives of this study were assessment of antagonistic effect of Trichoderma spp. isolates, grown and prepared on rice grain, on white mold of lettuce (S. sclerotiorum). The assay was conducted using 12 Trichoderma spp. isolates, four of which came from at least a year of storage at 4ºC, four from areas with a history of the disease and four from areas without a history of the disease. Both fungi were grown on wet rice grains and only Trichoderma strains was dried and ground to be used in the next assay. The experiment was completely randomized in a factorial 12x2 design (Trichoderma spp. × substrate inoculated or not with S. sclerotiorum) and control plants without any of the fungi. The percentage of survived plants was analyzed using AUDPC, number of leaves, stem diameter, length of root system, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, and total dry matter. The results showed that all Trichoderma spp. were capable of lettuce growth promotion in the presence and absence of S. sclerotiorum. The isolates that showed the best biocontrol of S. sclerotiorum were TC1.15 and WM-13. To promote growth, the best isolates were UFSMT15.1 and WM-13, suggesting that the latter presents desirable characteristics for biocontrol, including excellent feasibility for large-scale production, good antagonistic activity to S. sclerotiorum and the ability to stimulate growth promotion in lettuce.

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The Endophytic Fungus Chaetomium cupreum Regulates Expression of Genes Involved in the Tolerance to Metals and Plant Growth Promotion in Eucalyptus globulus Roots

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms7110490 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 490 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Javier Ortiz ◽

Javiera Soto ◽

Alejandra Fuentes ◽

Héctor Herrera ◽

Claudio Meneses ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Promotion ◽

Eucalyptus Globulus ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

De Novo ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Metal Stress ◽

Metal Transporters ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

New Information

The endophytic strain Chaetomium cupreum isolated from metal-contaminated soil was inoculated in Eucalyptus globulus roots to identify genes involved in metal stress response and plant growth promotion. We analyzed the transcriptome of E. globulus roots inoculated with C. cupreum. De novo sequencing, assembly, and analysis were performed to identify molecular mechanisms involved in metal stress tolerance and plant growth promotion. A total of 393,371,743 paired-end reads were assembled into 135,155 putative transcripts. It was found that 663 genes significantly changed their expression in the presence of treatment, of which 369 were up-regulated and 294 were down-regulated. We found differentially expressed genes (DEGs) encoding metal transporters, transcription factors, stress and defense response proteins, as well as DEGs involved in auxin biosynthesis and metabolism. Our results showed that the inoculation of C. cupreum enhanced tolerance to metals and growth promotion on E. globulus. This study provides new information to understand molecular mechanisms involved in plant–microbe interactions under metals stress.

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Three-dimensional graphene for electrochemical detection of Cadmium in Klebsiella michiganensis to study the influence of Cadmium uptake in rice plant

Materials Science and Engineering C ◽

10.1016/j.msec.2019.109802 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 103 ◽

pp. 109802 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Soumik Mitra ◽

Taniya Purkait ◽

Krishnendu Pramanik ◽

Tushar Kanti Maiti ◽

Ramendra Sundar Dey

Keyword(s):

Electrochemical Detection ◽

Rice Plant ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Cadmium Uptake

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Effects of Chemical Applications to Metal Polluted Soils on Cadmium Uptake by Rice Plant

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20130101006 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 01006 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. H. Yoo ◽

W. I. Kim ◽

J. Y. Kim ◽

P. F. A. M. Römkens ◽

J. H. Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rice Plant ◽

Cadmium Uptake ◽

Polluted Soils

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Plant growth promotion by Bradyrhizobium japonicum under heavy metal stress

South African Journal of Botany ◽

10.1016/j.sajb.2016.02.206 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 105 ◽

pp. 19-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

M. Seneviratne ◽

S. Gunaratne ◽

T. Bandara ◽

L. Weerasundara ◽

N. Rajakaruna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Promotion ◽

Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Heavy Metal Stress ◽

Metal Stress

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Biological Control of Leaf Spot and Growth Promotion of Eucalyptus Plants by Trichoderma spp.

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n9p459 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 459 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Magno Rodrigues Carvalho Filho ◽

Irene Martins ◽

Gustavo Henrique Silva Peixoto ◽

Paulo Henrique Pereira Costa Muniz ◽

Daniel Diego Costa Carvalho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Spot ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Suppressive Effect ◽

Growth Promoter ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Parboiled Rice ◽

General Terms ◽

Detached Leaves ◽

Trichoderma Isolates

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of twelve Trichoderma isolates on eucalyptus leaf spot control induced by Cylindrocladium scoparium and determine the sporulation capacity of the isolates on two substrates (parboiled rice and millet) for selection of potential biocontrol and growth promoter agents, in eucalypt seedlings. In the in vitro experiments, volatile and non-volatile metabolites tests showed different levels of inhibition of the pathogen mycelial growth. In tests on detached leaves, it was observed suppression of disease symptoms with all Trichoderma strains in leaves inoculated with CEN494 isolate of the pathogen, whereas with isolate CEN517 did not found the same efficiency. Sporulation of Trichoderma was higher using parboiled rice as the substrate, compared to millet. In general terms, it was obtained 3.38 × 109 and 2.84 × 109 conidia/g for the two substrates, respectively. Some of these Trichoderma isolates may be used in development of biofungicides for biocontrol of leaf spot, especially CEN262, due to its suppressive effect on C. scoparium, high sporulation, growth promotion capacity and endophytic colonization in eucalyptus seedlings.

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Trichoderma spp. in growth promotion of Jacaranda mimosifolia D. Don

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v9i2.18410 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 335

Author(s):

Natália Cássia De Faria Ferreira ◽

Ednaldo Cândido Rocha ◽

Fabrício Rodrigues ◽

Solange Xavier dos Santos ◽

Thiago Alves Santos de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Promotion ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Percentage Germination ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Shoot Height ◽

Trichoderma Fungi ◽

Growth Assay ◽

Shoot Mass ◽

Jacaranda Mimosifolia

The low volume of information related to the interaction of Trichoderma fungi with seeds and seedlings represents a limitation to forest production, and it is important to carry out studies focusing on its effect on plant germinability and formation. The aim was to evaluate commercial products based on Trichoderma spp. in promoting growth of Jacaranda mimosifolia. For initial seedling growth assay, seeds were treated with Trichoderma spp. suspension and placed on germinating paper sheets. At 28 days after sowing (DAS) the following evaluations were: percentage germination (PG), root length (RL), shoot length (SL), total length (TL), fresh root mass (FRM), fresh shoot mass (FSM), fresh total mass (FTM), root dry mass (RDM), shoot dry mass (SDM) and total dry mass (BIO). To evaluate the development of Jacaranda mimosifolia plants, the experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, wherein the soil of each pot (10 L) was treated with five strains of the Trichoderma spp. (Trichoderma asperellum URM 5911; T. harzianum ESALQ 1306; T. harzianum IBLF 006 WP; T. harzianum SIMBI T5 and T. harzianum T-22 WG. Then, Jacaranda mimosifolia seeds were sown and the evaluations performed at 120 DAS. The variables were: PG at 120 DAS, shoot height (SH), stem diameter (SD), and Dickson quality index (DQI). The strains SIMBI T5, ESALQ 1306 and T-22 WG stood out in relation to RL; while ESALQ 1306 and SIMBI T5 stood out performed the RL and TL. In greenhouse, SIMBI T5 and ESALQ1306 presented higher values of ALT, CR, DC, MFT. Meanwhile, only the SIMBI T5 strain stood out for MSPA, MSR, BIO and DQI.

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