PERTUMBUHAN AWAL KAYU MERAH (Pterocarpus indicus Willd) PADA PLOT KONSERVASI EX-SITU DI GUNUNGKIDUL UMUR 2 TAHUN

Ex-situ conservation plot of kayu merah (Pterocarpus indicus Willd) has been established in Gunungkidul in2016. The purpose of this study was to observe the early growth of kayu merah in the plot at 2 years old. The plot was laid-out in randomized complete block design consisting of 68 families, 4 tree-plot and 5 blocks with spacing of 3 m × 3 m. Genetic materials of kayu merah were collected from 3 populations namely Timor, Flores and Seram. Measurement was conducted in survival rate, tree diameter, tree height and number of branches. The result showed that the average survival rate of family was high (≥80%). Based on the populations, the survival rate of Timor, Flores and Seram were around 95%, 96% and 96.5% respectively. The average height, diameter and number of branches were 275 cm, 2.79 cm and 1.66, respectively. There were significant differences for height, diameter and number of branches among the tested families. In general, family ranking varied among the measured traits. Correlation between the traits varied among the populations. The Seram population showed the top family ranking for all the traits. It indicated that characterization in ex-situ conservation plot using genetic materials collected from the three populations was important for further conservation program of kayu merah.

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Pertumbuhan Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm & Binn.) dari Beberapa Provenans Di KHDTK Samboja, Kalimantan Timur

ULIN Jurnal Hutan Tropis ◽

10.32522/ujht.v5i1.4284 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Burhanuddin Adman ◽

Mira Kumala Ningsih

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Ex Situ Conservation ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Diameter Growth ◽

Average Survival ◽

High Conservation ◽

Average Survival Rate ◽

Eusideroxylon Zwageri

The high conservation status of ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm & Binn.) causes conservation efforts need to be carried out immediately. Balitek KSDA has carried out ulin conservation efforts by building ulin ex-situ conservation plots in the Samboja KHDTK with seeds from the Sungai Wain, Sangatta and Berau. This study was conducted to evaluate the variation of ironwood plant growth from these three provenances in the Samboja KHDTK. The results showed that the average survival rate of ironwood plant was 79.12% and there were no differences in the three provenances. Plants from Sangatta have the best height and diameter growth compared to the Sungai Wain and Berau, which is 83.48 cm and 0.61 cm.

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Evaluation of Different Propagation Methods of Oxytenanthera abyssinica (A. Richard Munro) in Northwestern Tigray, Ethiopia

Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology ◽

10.9734/ajee/2019/v11i430145 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Kahsu Gebretsion ◽

Kiros Abay

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Vegetative Propagation ◽

Block Design ◽

Average Height ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Oxytenanthera Abyssinica ◽

Seed Sowing ◽

Propagation Methods ◽

Planting Materials ◽

Direct Sowing

Aims: The study was conducted with the aim to identify the appropriate propagation techniques of the Oxytenanthera abyssinica. Study Design: Four different propagation techniques namely rhizomes, culm cuttings, direct seed sowing and seedlings were used. A randomized complete block design was used for studying different seed and vegetative propagation treatments. Four planting materials were planted in each plot and replicated four times. Place and Duration of Study: The study was done in Tselemti district northwestern zone of Tigray national regional state from June 2016-January 2018. Results: The survival rate was higher in the direct seed sowing (56.25%) and seedlings (43.75%) compared to that of the rhizome (12.50%) and culm cutting (0%). The numbers of the culms per clumps were significantly higher in seedlings (15.75), direct seed sowing (22) and rhizome (9) than the culm cutting (0) and also the average height of the culms were higher in rhizomes, seedlings, and direct seed sowings than the culm cutting (P<0.05). Significant lower diameter sizes were recorded in direct sowing and culm cuttings compared to the rhizome and seedlings. Conclusion: The present study confirmed that the direct sowing and seedlings propagation techniques of Oxytenanthera abyssinica are more appropriate and recommended to use in the study area.

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STUDY ON SURVIVABILITY OF NEWLY HATCHED LARVAE OF TWO SPECIES OF PEPPERMINT SHRIMP FED WITH DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS AND DENSITIES OF LIVE FOODS

Indonesian Aquaculture Journal ◽

10.15578/iaj.14.1.2019.15-22 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Indra Pratama ◽

Hatim Albasri

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Survival Rates ◽

The Third ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Average Survival ◽

Peppermint Shrimp ◽

Trial Treatment ◽

Newly Hatched Larvae ◽

Average Survival Rate

This study was aimed to evaluate different types and combinations of live foods in relation to the survivability of newly hatched Lysmata vittata and Lysmata intermedia larvae. The experiment consisted of three trials (different species, combinations, and densities of live foods) arranged in a completely randomized design. The first and second trials were subjected to L. vittata with three treatments for each trial (1A, 1B, 1C for trial-1; 1D, 1E, 1F for trial-2). The third trial consisted of two treatments (2A and 2B) tested on L. intermedia. Each treatment had three replicates. The results showed that the survival rates were low in all treatments. However, each treatment showed a significant effect (P<0.05) on the average survival rate of L. vittata and L. intermedia larvae. In the first trial, treatment 1C was the only one that had survived larvae after day 35 with 4.44% of final average survival rate (FASR). Four of the larvae reached the post-larval stage. In the second trial, treatment 1F showed a better condition than the other treatments with 5.56% FASR. Nevertheless, no larvae in the second trial had transformed to post-larval stage before the experiment ended at day 46. In the third trial, no larvae survived to reach the post-larval stage. In spite of this, treatment 2B had better daily average survival rate (DASR) than treatment 2A. This research concludes that the use of copepods as live food at an early larval stage and Artemia at a later stage is relatively more effective to improve the survival rate of peppermint shrimp larvae.

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Breeding value of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.)

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/4596-jfs ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 50 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 17-23

Author(s):

Rożkowski KR

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Norway Spruce ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Basal Area ◽

Tree Height ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Qualitative Traits ◽

Crown Density

This is the first report on measurements and observations of an experimental plot of 35-year-old Norway spruce, established in 1970 by the Institute of Dendrology at Kórnik, where progenies of 22 plustrees from the Kłodzko Forest District were planted. The experiment was established in an incomplete block design of 20 families with 3 replications. Survival rate and growth traits determining productivity (plant height or basal area – stem cross-sectional area at breast height per 1 ha) were assessed in several years, and qualitative traits (trunk straightness; degree of natural pruning; thickness, length and angle of branches; crown density; presence of galls caused by the aphids Adelges laricis Vall. and Sacchiphantes viridis Ratz.) were evaluated once in 2001. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences between the half-sib families in survival rate and productivity but no significant differences in qualitative traits. Statistically significant positive correlations were found between trunk straightness at the age of<br /> 36 years and height of 2-year-old seedlings in the nursery, and between the degree of natural pruning at the age of 36 years and both tree height at the age of 9 years and basal area at the age of 13 years.

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Mortality of Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) workers in contact with colony waste from different plant sources

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s000748530900683x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 100 (1) ◽

pp. 99-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

F.G. Lacerda ◽

T.M.C. Della Lucia ◽

O.L. Pereira ◽

L.A. Peternelli ◽

M.R. Tótola

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Trichoderma Viride ◽

Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽

Atta Sexdens ◽

Atta Sexdens Rubropilosa ◽

Average Survival ◽

Ligustrum Japonicum ◽

Acalypha Wilkesiana ◽

Plant Sources ◽

Average Survival Rate

AbstractThe objective of this work was to study the effect of colony waste on the mortality of workers of Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel colonies fed with different plant substrates. Eight nests were used; two colonies each were fed with Acalypha wilkesiana Müller.Arg, Ligustrum japonicum Thunb, Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake or a mixture of the three substrates in equal proportions. Irrespective of diet, being kept with waste led to higher mortality. However, workers that were kept in contact with waste produced by colonies fed Acalypha had higher average survival rate and later death when compared with workers from the other treatments. Workers from the Eucalyptus-fed colonies had the lowest survival rate and 50% of them died within four days of exposure to Eucalyptus waste. Trichoderma viride Pers. ex Gray, a fungus garden antagonist, and the entomopathogen Aspergillus flavus Link. ex Gray were present in the colonies supplied with all plants. The largest fungus diversity was verified in the waste of colonies fed Acalypha and the mixture of Acalypha, Ligustrum and Eucalyptus. Therefore, antibiotic properties of Acalypha did not reduce contaminant diversity but apparently minimized effects of pathogenic microorganisms present in the waste such as Asp. flavus. This may explain the highest survival rate of workers in this treatment.

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Silvicultural performance of forest species introduced in integrated livestock forest system in Lavras, MG, Brazil

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20161106 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Erick Martins Nieri ◽

Renato Luiz Grisi Macedo ◽

Nelson Venturin ◽

Regis Pereira Venturin ◽

José Alvim Pinto Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Block Design ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

The Other ◽

Forest Species ◽

Diameter At Breast Height ◽

African Mahogany ◽

Breast Height ◽

Red Cedar ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the silvicultural performance of four forest species introduced in a setting for integrated livestock forest (ILF) in a pasture in Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The species included were the Australian red cedar (seminal and clonal), African mahogany, teak, and guanandi. A split plot scheme with a randomized complete block design comprising four replicates and 48 plants per plot, was used in the following arrangement: (3(3x2) +7x2) m. The evaluation times (12, 18, 31, 36, and 43 months after planting) corresponded to the subplots. Performances of all four species were evaluated on the basis of their survival rate, height (H) and diameter at breast height (DBH). Based on the performance of the species with regard to these parameters, the clonal Australian red cedar showed a greater growth in DBH and height in the ILF setting as compared to the other species, which indicates it to be a suitable species for the region of Lavras, MG as long as its survival control occurs in the implantation phase.

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DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTRODUCTION PROTOCOL FOR STRAWBERRY PLANTS INTO IN VITRO CULTURE

Bulletin of Agrarian Science ◽

10.17238/issn2587-666x.2020.5.45 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (86) ◽

pp. 45-50

Author(s):

O.V. Mazneva ◽

◽

L.V. Tashmatova ◽

T.M. Khromova ◽

V.V. Shakhov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

In Vitro Culture ◽

Plant Material ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Strawberry Plant ◽

Active Growth ◽

High Viability ◽

Average Survival ◽

Average Survival Rate

The research was conducted in order to develop an effective protocol for introducing strawberry plants into in vitro culture. The objects of the research were the most popular varieties of strawberries of domestic and foreign selection: Tsaritsa, Bereginya, Florence, Frida, Kimberly, etc. Mercurial preparations mertiolate at a concentration of 0.01% and sulema at a concentration of 0.1% were used as sterilizing agents. The isolation of explants was performed in several periods: the beginning of the growth was in February, active growth was in June, the decline of growth was in August. The studies have shown that the maximum aseptic cultures were obtained when processing strawberry plant material with mercurycontaining sulema preparation in the concentration of 0.1%. At the first stage of micropropagation, explants had a high viability during all periods of the isolation, the average survival rate for varieties was 74.8-80.7%. A significant influence of the genotype (varietal characteristics) on the survival rates of explants was noted. The number of explants suitable for cloning did not depend on the overall level of regeneration. Stabilization of the crop during winter introduction was much faster than in other periods. Using the winter term of the isolation of strawberry explants allowed to increase the yield of explants capable of further cloning, accelerate the stabilization of the culture in vitro and reduce the time for obtaining micro-plants suitable for planting in non-sterile conditions. On average, 75.2% of explants capable of further cloning for the varieties were obtained. As a result of the research, the conditions and methods for obtaining the largest number of viable sterile strawberry explants were worked out, which will be included into the process of reproduction in vitro and further research.

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Trend surface analysis of a Douglas-fir provenance–progeny transfer test

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x88-075 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 515-520 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. J. Thomson ◽

Y. A. El-Kassaby

Keyword(s):

Surface Analysis ◽

Transfer Test ◽

Block Design ◽

Tree Height ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Average Height ◽

Trend Surface Analysis ◽

Test Installation ◽

Data Set ◽

Trend Surface

Spatial variability in heights of 8-year-old Douglas-fir in a IUFRO provenance–progeny transfer test was analyzed using trend surface analysis to differentiate genetic and environmental effects on tree height. The test installation was located in the University of British Columbia Research Forest, and was a randomized incomplete block design with three replications. Only the 25 provenances that were replicated in each block and had a balanced data set (eight families, five trees per family) were used. Trends were fitted to the average height of each replicate of each provenance, and also to the average size of the largest and smallest families per replicate. Interpretation was based on the assumption that the effects of microsite (mainly grass invasion of one block) were defined by the trend surface, while genetic effects were represented by the residuals from the trend. The data had previously been analyzed by ANOVA methods and these results were contrasted with the results using trend surface analysis. Trend surface analysis generally gave results similar to ANOVA, but in some cases resulted in different conclusions. Additional insights into the interaction of genotype and environment were obtained. Trend surface analysis is proposed as a useful supplement to analysis of variance in provenance transfer studies. Potential problems in using the method are discussed.

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The soft-release of captive-born Kaiser’s Mountain Newt Neurergus kaiseri (Amphibia: Caudata) into a highland stream, western Iran

Journal of Threatened Taxa ◽

10.11609/jott.4981.11.10.14259-14267 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 14259-14267

Author(s):

Tayebe Salehi ◽

Vahid Akmali ◽

Mozafar Sharifi

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Animal Species ◽

Captive Breeding ◽

Overall Survival Rate ◽

International Union ◽

Western Iran ◽

Average Survival ◽

Mesh Bags ◽

Two Stages ◽

Average Survival Rate

Captive breeding and reintroduction programs are important conservation tools and are used for increasing the number of plant and animal species worldwide. The endemic Kaiser’s Mountain Newt Neurergus kaiseri is listed as Vulnerable on the Red List by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and is amended to Appendix I of the Convention of International Trade on Endangered Species (CITES). In the present study, in order to learn about the survival ability of captive-born newts of N. kaiseri, we conducted a trial translocation of 15 two-year-old captive-born N. kaiseri into the highland stream in Sartakht Village, western Iran. The survival rate of these newts were determined in two stages, involving early acclimatization in mesh bags and direct release in a highland brook. In 12 surveys to the translocation site, a total of 86 individuals were identified during spring and summer. The average survival rate during the acclimatizing phase was 98 ± 0.04 %, while an average survival rate of 12 ± 0.04 % was obtained when the newts were released in the brook. Applying an average diurnal detection probability obtained for the Yellow Spotted Mountain Newt Neurergus derjugini, the overall survival rate in September when newts began the autumn withdrawal was 13%. These findings demonstrate that captive-born N. kaiseri released into the wild in controlled conditions can survive during spring and summer and provide information for future reintroduction plan of this species.

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Evaluation of M3 lines of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) for vegetative parameters

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb13210795 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 10795

Author(s):

Mohammed BABAGANA ◽

Olamide A. FALUSI ◽

Aliyu N. ABDULKADIR ◽

Alhassan MOHAMMED ◽

Hauwa SHEHU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gamma Irradiation ◽

Block Design ◽

Sesamum Indicum ◽

Petiole Length ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Breeding Programmes ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Different Doses ◽

Number Of Branches

Vegetative parameters of eight M3 (third mutant generation) lines of sesame were evaluated under rain fed condition. The seeds of the lines were sown alongside their respective controls using a randomized complete block design. The eight lines were generated from three parental stocks: NCRIBEN-04E (V1), NCRIBEN-01M (V2) and NCRIBEN-03L (V3). The three parental stocks were exposed to different doses of gamma irradiation from cobalt-60 source. 04E-550-G2-3 had the highest plant height (57.40) at the 6th week which was significantly different (P<0.05) from the three checks. 03L-450-G2-2 had the highest petiole length (12.45cm) which was significantly different (P<0.05) from the checks except check three (12.25cm) which was not significantly different (P>0.05). 03L-450-G1-2 had the highest number of leaves (91) and consequently highest number of branches (5.60). Although the number of leaves were significantly different (P<0.05) from Check three (54.60), there was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the number of branches and check three (5.40). The results obtained for vegetative parameters of M3 lines of sesame suggests that some of the genotypes could be used as potential parents for future breeding programmes aimed at improving sesame lines.

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