scholarly journals Ion Exchange Dialysis for Aluminium Transport through a Face Centered Central Composite Design Approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Asante-Sackey ◽  
Sudeh Rathilal ◽  
Lingham V. Pillay ◽  
Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Target Response ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
The Face ◽  
Contour Plots ◽  
Desirability Approach ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Central Composite

An ion exchange dialysis (IED) is used in the recovery of aluminium from residue. In this papers, the face-centered central composite design (FC-CCD) of the response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability approach is used for experimental design, modelling and process optimization of a counter flow IED system. The feed concentration, feed flowrate, sweep flowrate and sweep concentration are selected as the process variables, with the Al-transport across a Nafion 117 membrane as the target response. A total of 30 experimental runs were conducted with 6 center points. The response obtained was analysed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and fitted to a second-order polynomial model using multiple regression analysis. The actual R2 and standard deviation of the model are 0.9548 and 0.2932 respectively. The influences of significant variables are plotted on 3D surface and contour plots. The designed variables were numerically optimized by applying the desirability function to achieve the maximum Al-transport. The optimised condition values were found to be feed concentration (1600 ppm), feed flowrate (61.76%), sweep flowrate (37.50%) and sweep concentration (0.75 N) for the 80% target response at 32hrs. Overall, the model can be used to effectively predict Al-recovery using the designed system

scholarly journals Ion Exchange Dialysis for Aluminium Transport through a Face-Centred Central Composite Design Approach

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Asante-Sackey ◽  
Sudesh Rathilal ◽  
Lingham V. Pillay ◽  
Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Target Response ◽  
Time Zone ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Counter Flow ◽  
The Face ◽  
Desirability Approach ◽  
Central Composite

An ion exchange dialysis (IED) is used in the recovery of aluminium from residue. In this paper, the face-centred central composite design (FC-CCD) of the response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability approach is used for experimental design, modelling and process optimization of a counter flow IED system. The feed concentration, feed flowrate, sweep flowrate and sweep concentration were selected as the process variables, with the Al transport across a Nafion 117 membrane as the target response. A total of 30 experimental runs were conducted with six centre points. The response obtained was analysed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and fitted to a second-order polynomial model using multiple regression analysis. The actual R2 and standard deviation of the model are 0.9548 and 0.2932, respectively. Depending on the time zone of reference (24 h or 32 h), the highest enrichment of >1.50 was achieved. The designed variables were numerically optimized by applying the desirability function to achieve the maximum Al transport. The optimised condition values were found to be a feed concentration of 1600 ppm, feed flowrate of 61.76%, sweep flowrate of 37.50% and sweep concentration of 0.75 N for the 80% target response at 32 h. Overall, the model can be used to effectively predict Al recovery using the designed system.

Which is better for optimizing the biosorption process of lead – central composite design or the Taguchi technique?

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1446-1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Azari ◽  
Alireza Mesdaghinia ◽  
Ghader Ghanizadeh ◽  
Hossein Masoumbeigi ◽  
Meghdad Pirsaheb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Taguchi Technique ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Contour Plots ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Experimental Runs

The aim of this study is to evaluate central composite design (CCD) and the Taguchi technique in the adsorption process. Contact time, initial concentration, and pH were selected as the variables, and the removal efficiency of Pb was chosen for the designated response. In addition, face-centered CCD and the L9 orthogonal array were used for the experimental design. The result indicated that, at optimum conditions, the removal efficiency of Pb was 80%. However, the value of R2 was greater than 0.95 for both the CCD and Taguchi techniques, which revealed that both techniques were suitable and in conformity with each other. Moreover, the results of analysis of variance and Prob > F < 0.05 showed the appropriate fit of the designated model with the experimental results. The probability of classifying the contributing variables by giving a percentage of the response quantity (Pb removal) made the Taguchi model an appropriate method for examining the effectiveness of different factors. pH was evaluated as the best input factor as it contributed 66.2% of Pb removal. The Taguchi technique was additionally confirmed by three-dimensional contour plots of CCD. Consequently, the Taguchi method with nine experimental runs and easy interaction plots is an appropriate substitute for CCD for several chemical engineering functions.

scholarly journals Alternative Second-Order N-Point Spherical Response Surface Methodology Design and Their Efficiencies

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Mary Paschal Iwundu
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Second Order ◽  
The Face ◽  
Central Composite Designs ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Composite Designs ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Exact Designs

The equiradial designs are studied as alternative second-order N-point spherical Response Surface Methodology designs in two variables, for design radius ρ = 1.0. These designs are seen comparable with the standard second-order response surface methodology designs, namely the Central Composite Designs. The D-efficiencies of the equiradial designs are evaluated with respect to the spherical Central Composite Designs. Furthermore, D-efficiencies of the equiradial designs are evaluated with respect to the D-optimal exact designs defined on the design regions of the Circumscribed Central Composite Design, the Inscribed Central Composite Design and the Face-centered Central Composite Design. The D-efficiency values reveal that the alternative second-order N-point spherical equiradial designs are better than the Inscribed Central Composite Design though inferior to the Circumscribed Central Composite Design with efficiency values less than 50% in all cases studied. Also, D-efficiency values reveal that the alternative second-order N-point spherical equiradial designs are better than the N-point D-optimal exact designs defined on the design region supported by the design points of the Inscribed Central Composite Design. However, the N-point spherical equiradial designs are inferior to the N-point D-optimal exact designs defined on the design region supported by the design points of the Circumscribed Central Composite Design and those of the Face-centered Central Composite Design, with worse cases with respect to the design region of the Circumscribed Central Composite Design.

scholarly journals Effect of ion exchange dialysis process variables on aluminium permeation using response surface methodology

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 714-721
Author(s):  
Dennis Asante-Sackey ◽  
Sudesh Rathilal ◽  
V.L Pillay ◽  
Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Statistical Experimental Design ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Counter Flow ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Rsm Model ◽  
Central Composite

This study investigated aluminum permeation using a counter flow ion exchange dialysis (IED) system. The optimum conditions for permeation were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). Effect of four factors- feed concentration (100-2,000 ppm, A), feed flow rate (25-85%, B), sweep concentration (0.25-1 N HCl, C) and sweep flow rate (25-85%, D) were studied using face centered central composite (FC-CCD) statistical experimental design. A RSM model was developed based on the experimental permeation data and the response plot was developed. The FC-CCD model predicted permeation correlated with the experimental data. The regression coefficient (R<sup>2</sup>) was found to be 0.9568. The experiment showed the ascending order of the effect of the variables is D < B < C < A. In a counter flow IED for Al permeation, the sweep flow rate is insignificant (p > 0.05). Experimental validation demonstrated for target permeation of 70% was 68.8% ± 2.22%. This suggested that the RSM was a suitable tool in optimizing Al-permeation.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Central Composite Design and Taguchi Method for Optimizing Fenton Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anam Asghar ◽  
Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman ◽  
Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud
Keyword(s):  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Decolorization Efficiency ◽  
Contour Plots ◽  
Percent Contribution ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Central Composite

In the present study, a comparison of central composite design (CCD) and Taguchi method was established for Fenton oxidation.Dyeini, Dye : Fe+2, H2O2 : Fe+2, and pH were identified control variables while COD and decolorization efficiency were selected responses.L9orthogonal array and face-centered CCD were used for the experimental design. Maximum 99% decolorization and 80% COD removal efficiency were obtained under optimum conditions.Rsquared values of 0.97 and 0.95 for CCD and Taguchi method, respectively, indicate that both models are statistically significant and are in well agreement with each other. Furthermore, Prob >Fless than 0.0500 and ANOVA results indicate the good fitting of selected model with experimental results. Nevertheless, possibility of ranking of input variables in terms of percent contribution to the response value has made Taguchi method a suitable approach for scrutinizing the operating parameters. For present case, pH with percent contribution of 87.62% and 66.2% was ranked as the most contributing and significant factor. This finding of Taguchi method was also verified by 3D contour plots of CCD. Therefore, from this comparative study, it is concluded that Taguchi method with 9 experimental runs and simple interaction plots is a suitable alternative to CCD for several chemical engineering applications.

Machinability Evaluation in the Ultrasonic Drilling (USD) Process of Aluminum Oxide-based Ceramics

2011 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 804-812
Author(s):  
R. S. Jadoun
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Ultrasonic Drilling ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Central Composite

The ultrasonic drilling (USD) has been used in the manufacture of the hard, fragile, difficult to cut, nonconductive ceramic materials. In this study, the mathematical models of material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (SR) have been obtained for the machinability evaluation in the USD process of aluminum oxide-based ceramic material. The experimental plan adopts the face centered central composite design (CCD). The mathematical models using the response surface methodology (RSM) are developed so as to investigate the influences of three machining parameters, including the power rating, grit size and slurry concentration on the performance characteristics of MRR and SR. It has been proved that the proposed mathematical models in this study would fit and predict values of the performance characteristics, which would be close to the readings recorded in experiment with a 95% confidence level. The significant parameters that critically affect the performance characteristics are examined.

scholarly journals Optimized green extraction conditions of matcha green tea (Camellia sinensis) using central composite design for maximal polyphenol and antioxidant contents

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 3255-3271
Author(s):  
Nor Hafiza Sayuti ◽  
Ammar Akram Kamarudin ◽  
Norazalina Saad ◽  
Nor Asma Ab. Razak ◽  
Norhaizan Mohd Esa
Keyword(s):  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
Antioxidant Content ◽  
Optimum Extraction ◽  
Central Composite

Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the extraction conditions of phenolic and antioxidant compounds from matcha green tea (Camellia sinensis) using central composite design (CCD). The desirability function was used to find the optimum extraction conditions. The highest polyphenol and antioxidant content yield were reached at a temperature of 80 °C, an extraction time of 20 min, a liquid-to-solid ratio of 100 mL/g, and a desirability value of 0.948. The experimental values for total phenolics under the optimum extraction conditions were 317.62 ± 3.45 mg GAE/g and 29.21 ± 0.38 mg RE/g for the total flavonoids. The antioxidant activity (AA) was evaluated using 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), which showed radical scavenging activities at 88.28 ± 0.14% and 90.02 ± 0.14%, respectively. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis at the optimum condition revealed 14 compounds. Among the analyzed compounds, matcha green tea extract (MGTE) had the highest content of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with 95.48 mg/g, followed by epicatechin gallate (ECG) at 74.48 mg/g, and catechin at 28.94 mg/g. The results suggested that the optimized parameters of heat-assisted extraction provide an ideal green extraction method for the extraction of the high polyphenol and antioxidant content in matcha green tea.

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