scholarly journals Factors Affecting SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Pandemic, including Zoonotic, Human Transmission and Chain of Infection. Reducing Public Health Risk by Serum Antibody Testing, Avoiding Screening in Unhygienic Places and False PCR Reporting. A Scientific Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamran Mahmood Ahmed Aziz ◽  
Abdullah Othman ◽  
Waleed Alqahtani ◽  
Sumaiya Azhar
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Live Virus

Since December 2019, a rapid increase in the number of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) cases was reported worldwide, despite strict infection control and lock down measures. Current paper investigated the actual facts behind this rapid increase in the number of cases. Study of genomic sequence reveals that domestic and wild animals were likely ancestors and zoonotic source for SARS-CoVs, MERS-CoVs, and SARS-CoV-2. Strong evidence suggest that these viruses already existed and replicated in animals and humans during past several decades, exhibiting diverse mutations, evolutions and self-limiting diseases, except during outbreaks. Serious zoonotic reservoir investigations are required to investigate animal transmission of SARS-CoVs and SARS-CoV-2 to limit current pandemic. This might be the reason of increasing number of cases via animals. SARS-CoV-2 has been retrospectively isolated in different studies in August 2019, several months before Wuhan announced. Hence, there is a possibility that viruses existed, went undetected, infecting subclinically, in past several years, and SARS-CoV-2 antigens and neutralizing antibodies may have been present in humans since long time. This might be another reason of increasing number of cases by screening as mass screening and antigen or antibody testing was not carried out in the past years. Randomized controlled trials are required to investigate human to human transmission by touch, as the current evidence is limited with conflicting results. As all SARS-CoVs are basically respiratory viruses, droplet precautions and infection control measures are essential, especially for hospital staff. Increased number of SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic, or subclinical cases are detected worldwide. This silent phase of transmission can be beneficial for humans. Lack of symptoms eventually lessen virus transmission and reduce the pathogen's long-term survival and provide humoral herd immunity up to several years. Hence, seropositivity with diverse antibodies develops against mutating SARS-CoVs which will confer strong immunity during epidemics. Strategies such as identification, contact tracing and quarantine are costly and practically difficult. Hence, asymptomatic persons can continue their work with droplet precautions and standard infection control procedures, while symptomatic or sick persons can isolate themselves in their homes without the need for strict quarantine until clinical recovery, with reduced hospital visits and minimizing chances of hospital acquired infections. RT-PCR has low sensitivity and specificity, carries a high risk of handling live virus antigens, and requires difficult protocols. As viral load also sharply declines after few days of onset of infection, this technique might overlook infection. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 infection may be present in blood when oropharyngeal swabs are negative by RT-PCR. Additionally, RT-PCR usually gives false negative and false positive results and must be interpreted cautiously. This might be again a reason of increasing number of cases by false positive RT-PCR reporting. Moreover, antibodies against SARS-CoVs develop robustly in serum even by reduced amount of antigens. In contrast to RT-PCR, ELISA for diagnosing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 demonstrates 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity, even in clinically asymptomatic individuals. These antibodies can be used for serologic surveys, monitoring and screening. However, screening tests for SARS-COV-2 should be avoided in unhygienic public places by nasopharyngeal swabs, which carry a high risk of further transmission, co-infection or superinfection. Such highly infectious virus must be isolated and tested in highly sterilized laboratory. Further strict international laws and policies are required to stop the possible spread of experimental viruses, biological warfare and bioterrorism.

scholarly journals Factors affecting SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Pandemic, including Zoonotic, Human Transmission and Chain of Infection. Reducing Public health Risk by Serum Antibody Testing, Avoiding Screening in Unhygienic Places and False PCR Reporting. A Scientific Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-160
Author(s):  
Kamran Mahmood Ahmed Aziz ◽  
◽  
Abdullah Othman ◽  
Waleed Abdullah Alqahtani ◽  
Sumaiya Azhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Live Virus

During December 2019, a rapid increase in the number of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) cases was reported worldwide. We investigated several factors for rapid increase in SARS-COV-2. Genomic sequence reveals that domestic and wild animals were likely ancestors and zoonotic source for SARS-CoVs, MERS-CoVs, and SARS-CoV-2; these viruses replicated in animals and humans during past several decades, exhibiting diverse mutations and self-limiting diseases except during outbreaks. SARS-CoV-2 has been retrospectively isolated in different studies in August 2019, several months before Wuhan reported. Hence, there is a possibility that viruses went undetected and infecting sub-clinically, in past several years, and SARS-CoV-2 antigens and neutralizing antibodies may have been present in humans since years. All SARS-CoVs are basically respiratory viruses, spread by droplets, hence droplet precautions are essential. Furthermore, silent phase of transmission (asymptomatic/subclinical) can be beneficial for humans. Lack of symptoms eventually lessen virus transmission and reduce the pathogen's long-term survival and provide strong humoral herd immunity (with sropositivity and diverse antibodies) up to several years and during epidemics. RT-PCR has low sensitivity and specificity, carries a high risk of handling live virus antigens, and requires difficult protocols. As viral load also sharply declines after few days of onset of infection, this technique might overlook infection. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 infection may be present in blood when oropharyngeal swabs are negative by RT-PCR. Conversely, antibodies against SARS-CoVs develop robustly in by reduced amount of antigens and ELISA for diagnosing antibodies demonstrates 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity, even in clinically asymptomatic individuals. These antibodies can be used for serologic surveys, monitoring and screening. Furthermore, screening tests for SARS-COV-2 should be avoided in unhygienic public places by nasopharyngeal swabs, which carry a high risk of further transmission, co-infection or super-infection. If above mentioned factors and Infection control policy is followed, SARS-CoV-2 pandemic can be controlled effectively.

scholarly journals Urine Antibody Tests: New Insights into the Dynamics of HIV-1 Infection

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1602-1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard B Urnovitz ◽  
Jerrilyn C Sturge ◽  
Toby D Gottfried ◽  
William H Murphy
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Fragile Site ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Patient Acceptance ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Blood Specimens ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background: Noninvasive methodologies provide alternatives to diagnostic blood tests and have high patient acceptance, increased safety, and reduced costs. Such tests may supplement or replace blood diagnostic assays currently in use. Methods: Using a licensed urine-based test for antibody to HIV-1, we performed 25 991 HIV-1 urine antibody enzyme immunoassay (EIA) screening tests [confirmable by HIV-1 Western blot (WB)] on paired urine and blood specimens obtained from high- and low-risk HIV-1 subjects collected at six sites representative of the US population. Results: Using HIV-1 urine EIA tests confirmed by urine Western blot, a compartmentalized immune response (urine positive/serum negative) occurred in 0.24% of a cohort of 11 896 subjects. In the same cohort, specimens that were urine negative/serum positive occurred in 0.17% of subjects. In a second study of 25 991 subjects that included 859 high-risk individuals, the false-positive urine EIA frequency (urine WB negative or indeterminate) was 1.3%. This false-positive frequency in the high-risk cohort was attributed, in part, to an IgA antibody response. We tabulated urine and serum indeterminate reactivities and examined their possible causes. Data are presented showing that antibodies from a seroindeterminate HIV-1vau group O subject were reactive in urine EIA and urine WB tests. An analysis of the HIV-1vau strain group O env nucleotide sequence disclosed a high frequency of homology with human chromosome 7q31, a fragile site implicated in many human malignancies. Conclusions: These results demonstrate the utility of urine for alternative HIV-1 antibody testing and provide new insights into the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection and into potential application of this approach in investigation of other microbial pathogens and toxic compounds.

The Emirates Oncology Task Force Clinical Practice Guideline on Screening for SARS-CoV-2 in Asymptomatic Adult Cancer Patients Prior to Anti-Cancer Therapy (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humaid Al-Shamsi ◽  
Ibrahim Abu-Gheida ◽  
Amr Hassan ◽  
Fathi Azribi ◽  
Hassan Jaafar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Asymptomatic Adult

BACKGROUND Cancer care during this pandemic is challenging given the competing risks of death from cancer versus death or serious complications from SARS- CoV-2 infection, and the likely higher lethality of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients. Question remains on serial screening for SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic adult cancer patients prior to anti-cancer therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE Formulate a consensus guideline statement to guide practicing physicians METHODS We conducted a systematic review to formulate a consensus statement to guide the practising oncologists RESULTS Most of the current guidelines recommend RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 testing of asymptomatic patients prior to initiating and during the anti-cancer therapy despite the lack of robust evidence. We suggested the following: If screening is indicated in adult cancer patients, we recommend using RT-PCR over serum antibody or serum antigen for adult cancer patients; we also recommend assessing the risk of exposure to and infection from SARS-CoV-2 prior to each anti-cancer cycle, to consider SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic adult cancer patients prior to anti-cancer therapy in high risk groups : highly cytotoxic chemotherapy with potential profound neutropenia based on the physician’s risk assessment of the chemotherapy , stem cell transplantation. For asymptomatic intermediate-high risk cancer patients, we suggest performing RT-PCR 48-72 hours prior to initiating any anti-cancer therapy. For asymptomatic low-risk cancer patients, we suggest not to routinely screen prior to initiating any anti-cancer therapy (weak recommendation, low quality evidence). CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 screening might be indicated with higher certainty to certain cancer risk groups. There remains a need for prospective trials to assess this intervention, and the outcome of such intervention. Current recommendations may change based on new and emerging evidence.

scholarly journals Updated Clinical Evaluation of the CLUNGENE® Rapid COVID-19 Antibody Test

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1124
Author(s):  
Christopher C. Lamb ◽  
Fadi Haddad ◽  
Christopher Owens ◽  
Alfredo Lopez-Yunez ◽  
Marion Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Reactivity Study ◽  
Positive Results

Background: COVID-19 antibody testing has been shown to be predictive of prior COVID-19 infection and an effective testing tool. The CLUNGENE® SARS-COV-2 VIRUS (COVID-19) IgG/IgM Rapid Test Cassette was evaluated for its utility to aide healthcare professionals. Method: Two studies were performed by using the CLUNGENE® Rapid Test. (1) An expanded Point-of-Care (POC) study at two clinical sites was conducted to evaluate 99 clinical subjects: 62 positive subjects and 37 negative subjects were compared to RT-PCR, PPA, and NPA (95% CI). Sensitivity was calculated from blood-collection time following symptom onset. (2) A cross-reactivity study was performed to determine the potential for false-positive results from other common infections. Results: The specificity of subjects with confirmed negative COVID-19 by RT-PCR was 100% (95% CI, 88.4–100.0%). The sensitivity of subjects with confirmed positive COVID-19 by RT-PCR was 96.77% (95% CI, 88.98–99.11%). In the cross-reactivity study, there were no false-positive results due to past infections or vaccinations unrelated to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Conclusion: There is a need for a rapid, user-friendly, and inexpensive on-site monitoring system for diagnosis. The CLUNGENE® Rapid Test is a useful diagnostic test that provides results within 15 min, without high-complexity laboratory instrumentation.

scholarly journals Performance of Fetal Medicine Foundation Software for Pre-Eclampsia Prediction Upon Marker Customization: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Bilda De Castro Rezende ◽  
Antonio José Ledo Alves Cunha ◽  
Joffre Amim Jr ◽  
Wescule De Moraes Oliveira ◽  
Maria Eduarda Belloti Leão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
False Positive ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fetal Medicine ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Positive Rate

BACKGROUND FMF2012 is an algorithm developed by the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) to predict pre-eclampsia on the basis of maternal characteristics combined with biophysical and biochemical markers. Afro-Caribbean ethnicity is the second risk factor, in magnitude, found in populations tested by FMF, which was not confirmed in a Brazilian setting. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the performance of pre-eclampsia prediction software by customization of maternal ethnicity. METHODS This was a cross-sectional observational study, with secondary evaluation of data from FMF first trimester screening tests of singleton pregnancies. Risk scores were calculated from maternal characteristics and biophysical markers, and they were presented as the risk for early pre-eclampsia (PE34) and preterm pre-eclampsia (PE37). The following steps were followed: (1) identification of women characterized as black ethnicity; (2) calculation of early and preterm pre-eclampsia risk, reclassifying them as white, which generated a new score; (3) comparison of the proportions of women categorized as high risk between the original and new scores; (4) construction of the receiver operator characteristic curve; (5) calculation of the area under the curve, sensitivity, and false positive rate; and (6) comparison of the area under the curve, sensitivity, and false positive rate of the original with the new risk by chi-square test. RESULTS A total of 1531 cases were included in the final sample, with 219 out of 1531 cases (14.30; 95% CI 12.5-16.0) and 182 out of 1531 cases (11.88%; 95% CI 10.3-13.5) classified as high risk for pre-eclampsia development, originally and after recalculating the new risk, respectively. The comparison of FMF2012 predictive model performance between the originally estimated risks and the estimated new risks showed that the difference was not significant for sensitivity and area under the curve, but it was significant for false positive rate. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that black ethnicity classification of Brazilian pregnant women by the FMF2012 algorithm increases the false positive rate. Suppressing ethnicity effect did not improve the test sensitivity. By modifying demographic characteristics, it is possible to improve some performance aspects of clinical prediction tests.

scholarly journals Performance of Fetal Medicine Foundation Software for Pre-Eclampsia Prediction Upon Marker Customization: Cross-Sectional Study

10.2196/14738 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. e14738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Bilda De Castro Rezende ◽  
Antonio José Ledo Alves Cunha ◽  
Joffre Amim Jr ◽  
Wescule De Moraes Oliveira ◽  
Maria Eduarda Belloti Leão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
False Positive ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fetal Medicine ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Positive Rate

Background FMF2012 is an algorithm developed by the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) to predict pre-eclampsia on the basis of maternal characteristics combined with biophysical and biochemical markers. Afro-Caribbean ethnicity is the second risk factor, in magnitude, found in populations tested by FMF, which was not confirmed in a Brazilian setting. Objective This study aimed to analyze the performance of pre-eclampsia prediction software by customization of maternal ethnicity. Methods This was a cross-sectional observational study, with secondary evaluation of data from FMF first trimester screening tests of singleton pregnancies. Risk scores were calculated from maternal characteristics and biophysical markers, and they were presented as the risk for early pre-eclampsia (PE34) and preterm pre-eclampsia (PE37). The following steps were followed: (1) identification of women characterized as black ethnicity; (2) calculation of early and preterm pre-eclampsia risk, reclassifying them as white, which generated a new score; (3) comparison of the proportions of women categorized as high risk between the original and new scores; (4) construction of the receiver operator characteristic curve; (5) calculation of the area under the curve, sensitivity, and false positive rate; and (6) comparison of the area under the curve, sensitivity, and false positive rate of the original with the new risk by chi-square test. Results A total of 1531 cases were included in the final sample, with 219 out of 1531 cases (14.30; 95% CI 12.5-16.0) and 182 out of 1531 cases (11.88%; 95% CI 10.3-13.5) classified as high risk for pre-eclampsia development, originally and after recalculating the new risk, respectively. The comparison of FMF2012 predictive model performance between the originally estimated risks and the estimated new risks showed that the difference was not significant for sensitivity and area under the curve, but it was significant for false positive rate. Conclusions We conclude that black ethnicity classification of Brazilian pregnant women by the FMF2012 algorithm increases the false positive rate. Suppressing ethnicity effect did not improve the test sensitivity. By modifying demographic characteristics, it is possible to improve some performance aspects of clinical prediction tests.

scholarly journals Analytical Performance of COVID-19 Detection Methods (RT-PCR): Scientific and Societal Concerns

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 660
Author(s):  
Roberto Verna ◽  
Walter Alallon ◽  
Masami Murakami ◽  
Catherine P. M. Hayward ◽  
Abdel Halim Harrath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Rt Pcr

Background. Health and social management of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, responsible for the COVID-19 disease, requires both screening tools and diagnostic procedures. Reliable screening tests aim at identifying (truely) infectious individuals that can spread the viral infection and therefore are essential for tracing and harnessing the epidemic diffusion. Instead, diagnostic tests should supplement clinical and radiological findings, thus helping in establishing the diagnosis. Several analytical assays, mostly using RT-PCR-based technologies, have become commercially available for healthcare workers and clinical laboratories. However, such tests showed some critical limitations, given that a relevant number of both false-positive and false-negative cases have been so far reported. Moreover, those analytical techniques demonstrated to be significantly influenced by pre-analytical biases, while the sensitivity showed a dramatic time dependency. Aim. Herein, we critically investigate limits and perspectives of currently available RT-PCR techniques, especially when referring to the required performances in providing reliable epidemiological and clinical information. Key Concepts. Current data cast doubt on the use of RT-PCR swabs as a screening procedure for tracing the evolution of the current SARS-COV-2 pandemic. Indeed, the huge number of both false-positive and false-negative results deprives the trustworthiness of decision making based on those data. Therefore, we should refine current available analytical tests to quickly identify individuals able to really transmit the virus, with the aim to control and prevent large outbreaks.

Using serum biomarkers for identifying unstable carotid plaque: update of current evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Areti Sofogianni ◽  
Konstantinos Tziomalos ◽  
Triantafyllia Koletsa ◽  
Apostolos G. Pitoulias ◽  
Lemonia Skoura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Great Proportion ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Serum Biomarkers ◽  
Current Evidence

: Carotid atherosclerosis is responsible for a great proportion of ischemic strokes. Early identification of unstable or vulnerable carotid plaques and therefore of patients at high risk for stroke is of significant medical and socioeconomical value. We reviewed the current literature and discuss the potential role of the most important serum biomarkers in identifying patients with carotid atherosclerosis who are at high risk for atheroembolic stroke.

scholarly journals The Science Behind Safe School Re-Opening: Leveraging the Pillars of Infection Control to Support Safe Elementary and Secondary Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elissa M Schechter-Perkins ◽  
Polly van den Berg ◽  
Westyn Branch-Elliman
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Implementation Barriers ◽  
Safe School ◽  
Elementary And Secondary Education ◽  
School Settings ◽  
Environmental Controls ◽  
Prevention Interventions

Abstract There are limited tools for adapting COVID-19 infection control plans to school settings. We present an infection prevention model for optimizing safe re-opening for elementary and secondary schools during the global COVID-19 pandemic and review the current evidence behind various infection prevention interventions in school settings. The model is adapted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention fundamental pillars for infection prevention, and includes four categories of intervention: epidemiologic controls (town prevalence metrics, diagnostic testing, quarantine strategies), administrative controls (state vaccination policies, alternative school models, symptom screens, quarantine breaks), engineering/environmental controls (distancing, outdoor space, ventilation), and personal protective equipment (PPE)/Hand hygiene (face coverings, hand sanitizing). The adapted infection control pillars model utilizes implementation-science informed considerations to maximize pragmatism and adherence by leveraging evidence-based strategies. It highlights the necessity of redundant infection prevention interventions, acknowledges the importance of community buy-in to achieve real-world effectiveness, and addresses tactics to overcome implementation barriers. Recommendations are grounded in the Dynamic Sustainability Framework and include suggestions to maintain infection prevention effectiveness over time to ensure ongoing safety.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a home-based 7-day infection control strategy for healthcare workers following high-risk exposure to severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A cohort study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Carla Benea ◽  
Laura Rendon ◽  
Jesse Papenburg ◽  
Charles Frenette ◽  
Ahmed Imacoudene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Respiratory Coronavirus ◽  
Second Wave

Abstract Objective: Evidence-based infection control strategies are needed for healthcare workers (HCWs) following high-risk exposure to severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this study, we evaluated the negative predictive value (NPV) of a home-based 7-day infection control strategy. Methods: HCWs advised by their infection control or occupational health officer to self-isolate due to a high-risk SARS-CoV-2 exposure were enrolled between May and October 2020. The strategy consisted of symptom-triggered nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 RNA testing from day 0 to day 7 after exposure and standardized home-based nasopharyngeal swab and saliva testing on day 7. The NPV of this strategy was calculated for (1) clinical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis from day 8–14 after exposure, and for (2) asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 detected by standardized nasopharyngeal swab and saliva specimens collected at days 9, 10, and 14 after exposure. Interim results are reported in the context of a second wave threatening this essential workforce. Results: Among 30 HCWs enrolled, the mean age was 31 years (SD, ±9), and 24 (80%) were female. Moreover, 3 were diagnosed with COVID-19 by day 14 after exposure (secondary attack rate, 10.0%), and all cases were detected using the 7-day infection control strategy: the NPV for subsequent clinical COVID-19 or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 detection by day 14 was 100.0% (95% CI, 93.1%–100.0%). Conclusions: Among HCWs with high-risk exposure to SARS-CoV-2, a home-based 7-day infection control strategy may have a high NPV for subsequent COVID-19 and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 detection. Ongoing data collection and data sharing are needed to improve the precision of the estimated NPV, and here we report interim results to inform infection control strategies in light of a second wave threatening this essential workforce.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document