Perbandingkan Karakteristik Berbagai Zona Agroekologi Sistem Peternakan Babi; Studi Kasus Sistem Peternakan Babi di Pulau, Pesisir dan Dataran Rendah di Papua dan Papua Barat

Deny A Iyai

doi:10.20961/sainspet.v9i2.4818

Perbandingkan Karakteristik Berbagai Zona Agroekologi Sistem Peternakan Babi; Studi Kasus Sistem Peternakan Babi di Pulau, Pesisir dan Dataran Rendah di Papua dan Papua Barat

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.9.2.88-99 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 88 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Deny A Iyai

Keyword(s):

Farming Systems ◽

Herd Size ◽

Chi Square ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Pig Farming ◽

Key Words Pig ◽

Household Members ◽

Breed Selection ◽

Papua Barat ◽

Agro Ecological Zones

The objective of this study was to compare the characteristics of pig farming performances of the three different agro-ecological zones, i.e. at island, coastal and lowland ecological zones. Sites represented island pig farmers were Biak and Yapen. Samples subsequently were taken from Samofa District and South Yapen District comprised of Famboaman, Anotaurei, Mariadei and Mantembu villages. Sites in Manokwari were taken from six districts and 15 villages. Characteristic of farmers and pig keeping systems such as household information, pig population and reproduction, and social technical aspects, were studied. Participatory research using interview and observation was separately done towards 155 pig farmers. Statistical analysis used Duncan multiple comparisons and Chi-square (χ2) were used to analyse the data. Coastal pig farmers are younger than island and lowland pig farmers. They have middle number of experiences compared to island pig farmers. The majority of farmers is men-pig farmers and has adequate household members. It was found that many are not educated and are elementary graduation. Altough their objectives are directed to commercial production system. Coastal pig farmers have higher number of animal population added to this is herd size per household compared to the two other agro-ecological zones. Feeding systems are practised in proper combination, such as feeding ration of physiological ages every day and feeding processing. Natural mating is practised by the majority of pig farmers. Several of pig farmers know the sign of oestrus, gestating and practising procedures of breed selection. Distance to market and distance to town are experienced by lowland pig farmers compared to coastal and island pig farmers. Perception of pig farmers is satisfy and they have lack of extensionist visiting, lack in middlemen visiting and positive social acceptances.Key words: pig farming systems, agro-ecological zones, pig production, West Papua

PERFORMANCES COMPARISON BETWEEN URBAN AND RURAL PIG FARMING SYSTEMS IN MANOKWARI, WEST PAPUA PROVINCE INDONESIA

Buletin Peternakan ◽

10.21059/buletinpeternak.v39i3.7990 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 212

Author(s):

Desni Triana Ruli Saragih ◽

Deny Anjelus Lyai

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Working Hours ◽

Additional Time ◽

Pig Farming ◽

West Papua ◽

Household Members ◽

Pig Performance ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

Pigs are kept both in urban and rural areas. This research identified the performance differences between urban and rural farming systems. The study was conducted in Manokwari regency and involved six districts, i.e. Nothern Manokwari district, Eastern Manokari District, Western Manokwari district, Warmare district, Prafi district and Masni district. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18.0, an independent-samples T test was run to compare urban and rural pig farming systems. The research found that there were differences of ages and feeding hours (P<0.05) between those two farming systems. There were no differences in household members, experience, average pig owned, working hours, selling period, litter size and number of farrowing. There are nine point of pig farming improvement that should be done to sustain pig farming systems in Manokwari Papua. Education may be improved by provide informal and skillful education. Pig ownership should be increased. Working hours must be increased. Pig keeping in the pens should be done by farmers. Managing pigs with additional time is important so that pigs will be maintained well. Litter sizes both in urban and rural are low, therefore further improvements are needed. Recording pig productivities must be done by every farmer. (Key words: Arfak pig farmers, Pig performance, Rural pig farming, Urban pig farming)

Pola Gender dalam Peternakan Babi Pada Peternak Etnis Arfak, Papua Barat

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.v13i1.4422 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Deny A. Iyai ◽

Desni T.R. Saragih

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Study ◽

Production Level ◽

Family Farming ◽

Pig Production ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Coastal Lowland ◽

West Papua ◽

Papua Barat ◽

Agro Ecological Zones

The aim of this research was study of women and man concerning on pig family farming on Arfak ethnic, West Papua. Descriptive study was done in agro-ecological zones, i.e. coastal, lowland and highland. A 22 pig farmers were involved and interviewed subsequently, 10 hh, 7 hh and 5 hh. The finding of this research was that pig production level of the women was smaller than man in pre-production. Although increases in production level till pasca production. Man pig farmers were still dominant keeping the animals. However, decision was done democraticly. Level of income kept by women and men were in the ranges of Rp 2 million to Rp 6 million. Keywords: gender, livestock agro-ecology, pre-production, production, pasca-production, Arfak.

Application of Multiple Criteria Decision Models for Oilseed Crops in Pakistan’s Punjab

The Pakistan Development Review ◽

10.30541/v39i4iipp.515-532 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 39 (4II) ◽

pp. 515-532

Author(s):

Muhammad Azeem Khan ◽

Tahir Rehman

Keyword(s):

Development Policy ◽

Agricultural Development ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Oilseed Crops ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Alternative Crops ◽

Self Sufficiency ◽

Target Locations ◽

Selection Of ◽

Agro Ecological Zones

Pakistan is deficient in major food products. Self-sufficiency in food has virtually always been a major priority, because imports of wheat, edible oil, sugar, pulses and milk products put a massive burden on the balance of payments for the country. The increase in the production of oilseed has been a priority goal of the agricultural development policy in Pakistan. The oilseed crops have been validated as alternative crops on several target locations of different agro-ecological zones [PARC (1990)]; but the success of this validation work in terms of their dissemination is very limited. The possibility of including these crops in well established systems needed to be well conceived. The selection of farming systems, which have the potential to adopt such crops, is a prerequisite to investigate the problems and prospects of oilseed crops.

Is crossbreeding of cattle beneficial for mixed farming systems in Central Java?

Animal Genetic Resources/Ressources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales ◽

10.1017/s2078633615000028 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 56 ◽

pp. 127-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

T.S.M. Widi ◽

H.M.J. Udo ◽

K. Oldenbroek ◽

I.G.S. Budisatria ◽

E. Baliarti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Farming Systems ◽

Mature Female ◽

Cropping Pattern ◽

Crossbred Cattle ◽

Market Prices ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Feed Resources ◽

Mixed Farming ◽

Central Java ◽

Agro Ecological Zones

SummaryFrom 1980s onwards, Indonesia's government has been implementing crossbreeding with European beef breeds through artificial insemination to improve the beef performance of local cattle, in response to the increasing demand for meat. Crossbreeding is promoted and implemented throughout the country, regardless of the various agro-ecological zones, each endowed with different feed resources in the smallholder farming systems. This study analyses the impact at farm level of crossbreeding in the different mixed farming conditions in Central Java. Quantitative and qualitative information was collected through participatory approaches involving famers (n= 252) in four study areas representing three agro-ecological zones: Wet lowlands (subdivided in two areas based on the history of breeding local cattle and crossbreeding), Wet uplands and Dry uplands. Phenotypic characteristics, reproductive performances, and carcass characteristics of Ongole and crossbred cattle were assessed, together with farmers’ reasons for keeping Ongole or crossbred breeding stock, the functions of cattle on the farms and the Gross Margins (GM) of the cattle component on Ongole and crossbred farms. Across different agro-ecological zones, crossbreeding is not changing the farming systems: herd sizes, farm types, experience in cattle keeping and functions of cattle were about the same for Ongole and crossbred farms. The agro-ecological zones differed in the cropping pattern and feed resources; however, they did not differ in amounts of dry matter and crude protein fed to individual animals. Crossbreeding is changing the individual characteristics of cattle and consequently the market prices of animals. In general, mature female crossbred cattle were approximately 25 percent heavier than mature female local cattle. Male crossbred progeny was 16 percent heavier their local counterparts, whereas female crossbred progeny was 24 percent heavier than female local cattle. In terms of reproduction performances, both local and crossbred cows performed well with calf crops ranging between 73 and 86 percent per year. Most farmers preferred crossbred over Ongole cattle. Simmental cross is the most preferred. GM for crossbred and Ongole farms were comparable within the different study areas; selling prices of crossbreds are higher, but feed costs too. Crossbreeding will continue. It is promoted by government policies and farmers are motivated to keep crossbred cattle as body weights and market prices are higher than for Ongole cattle; however, farmers said that they do not prefer upgrading to very high levels of Simmental. A viable Ongole population is needed to reduce the risk of upgrading to too high levels of Simmental.

Diversity and Resilience to Socio-Ecological Changes of Smallholder Lagune Cattle Farming Systems of Benin

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12187616 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (18) ◽

pp. 7616

Author(s):

Maurice Cossi Ahozonlin ◽

Luc Hippolyte Dossa

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Production Systems ◽

Principal Component ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Chi Square ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Ecological Changes ◽

Farm Types

The indigenous smallholder Lagune breed and the production systems in which it is embedded in Southern Benin have received very little research or policy attention. Consequently, very little information exists on the diversity of these production systems or on their capacity to adapt to ongoing socio-economic and environmental changes. This study aimed to explore and characterize the diversity of Lagune cattle production systems along with farmers’ local knowledge and resilience strategies. A questionnaire was administered to 417 Lagune cattle farmers across two agro-ecological zones: Ouémé Valley (OVZ) and Pobe (PZ). It included, inter alia, questions related to households’ socio-economic conditions, their cattle herd characteristics, and management practices. Categorical principal component analysis and the two-step clustering method were used to classify the production systems which were then compared using the chi-square and ANOVA procedures. Four distinct farm types were identified. This study revealed the important role of agroecology in the diversity of farmers’ breeding practices. Controlled mating was more common in tethering systems whereas uncontrolled mating, widespread in free-roaming systems, has favored Lagune breed admixture with zebus. Opportunities for conserving the genetic diversity within the Lagune breed might be greater in PZ where breed admixture was almost inexistent.

Interaction effects of pig farming systems with educational level on performances of pig production systems in Manokwari District, West Papua-Indonesia

Bulletin of Applied Animal Research ◽

10.36423/baar.v3i1.487 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 32-40

Author(s):

Desni T.R. Saragih ◽

Deny Anjelus Iyai ◽

Hans Mamboai ◽

Dwi Nurhayati ◽

Maria Arim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Production Systems ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Farming System ◽

Work Hours ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Income Sources ◽

Pig Farming ◽

Size Number ◽

Body Weights ◽

Middle Man

The aim of this research was to characterize pig farming system performances tethered under different agro-ecological zones in Papua. The field study was done in Manokwari regency and involved six districts, i.e. Nothern Manokwari district, Eastern Manokari District, Western Manokwari district, Warmare district, Prafi district and Masni district. Respondents chosen were guided by local extensionists, originated from 15 villages. Participatory situation analysis (PSA) was employed to approach pig farmers by using questionnaire. Pig body weights of piglets and growers were weighed except for mature pigs, body lengths and hearth girths were measured using tape. Herd number, number of piglets, adult pigs were recorded. A one-way analysis of variances was used. All data were entered in Excel and analyzed using SPPS version 10.0.. The findings shown that interaction between education and keeping systems occur on work hours and ages. Effect of education is significant on experience, location, and ethnic. In keeping systems, effect is real on experience, work hours, location, and ethnic. Interaction do not significant exist in number of pigs including see middle man, visited consumer, litter size, number of farrowing and income sources.

PRODUCTION METHODS AND FARMING SYSTEMS IN MAJOR BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE) GROWING REGIONS OF THE WEST BANK, PALESTINE

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479703001558 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 179-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

IHSAN ABU-ALRUB ◽

ALA JOMA ◽

JØRGEN. L. CHRISTIANSE

Keyword(s):

West Bank ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Coastal Zones ◽

Livestock Farming ◽

The West ◽

Production Methods ◽

Land Preparation ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Barley Landraces ◽

Agro Ecological Zones

A survey of barley and barley-based farming systems was carried out in Palestine during the 2000 growing season to assess traditional cultivation methods and to analyse developments in the production systems. Seventy-six farmers in the three barley growing agro-ecological zones in the West Bank were included in the study. The research area encompasses a range of agro-ecological conditions, from high to low potential environments, strongly related to precipitation. Estimated grain yields varied from below 1000 kg ha−1 in the driest part of the Eastern Slopes zone to above 4000 kg ha−1 in the more fertile areas in the Central Highlands and Semi-Coastal zones. Barley was found to be closely linked to the dominant crop-livestock farming systems. Thus 84% of the farmers interviewed grew barley as a feed for their own livestock during the dry season. In the more fertile agro-ecological zones, the traditional farming system is shifting towards more intensive production methods with increased mechanization, mainly for land preparation, sowing, harvesting and use of fertilizer. Here animal production is becoming more intensive and a larger proportion of the farm products, including barley, is now produced for the market. Despite the relatively high yields, in comparison to other barley growing areas in the region, local barley landraces, particularly 6-rowed types, persist well and were preferred by 86% of the farmers interviewed. However attempts to modernize agriculture may result in the replacement of traditional barley landraces, and even the barley-livestock cropping system in the more fertile agro-ecological zones. An effort should therefore be made to conserve this valuable genetic resource.

Soil quality indicators across different agro-ecological zones of Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-9423 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jerome Kimaro ◽

Anna Treydte ◽

Bernd Huwe ◽

Christina Bogner

Keyword(s):

Bulk Density ◽

Soil Quality ◽

Quality Indicators ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Rapid Change ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Soil Quality Indicators ◽

Adaptation Measures ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Agro Ecological Zones

Introduction The agroecosystems at the southern slope of Mt. Kilimanjaro have been an important resource for the provision of ecosystem services, in particular food production. However, their potential is increasingly threatened by a rapid change in agricultural land use and its future sustainability remains uncertain. Various efforts to achieve sustainable management of agroecosystems have not been successful and therefore there is a risk of land degradation and poverty. This problem is attributed to a lack of knowledge about the actual causes and extent of the problem among local farmers, extension officers and researchers, thus limiting decision options on the selection of appropriate adaptation measures.&#160;Goals Therefore, we conducted a study to determine how changes in traditional farming systems affect soil quality within the agroecosystem at the southern slopes of Mt. Kilimanjaro.&#160;Material and Methods We measured C, N, P, soil texture, bulk density and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) in 24 plots across major agro-ecological zones (mainly related to elevation) and in two farming systems (maize and agroforestry).Results We found that sand content increased, clay content and bulk density decreased with increasing elevation. C content was slightly lower in maize compared to agroforestry (-0.88%), but not N and P. C and N contents increased in the upper compared to the lower elevation zones (3.8% and 0.3%, respectively), while P decreased by 19 mg/kg. The content of cations from CEC showed a heterogeneous picture. The largest difference was the decrease of Ca and Mg in the upper elevation zone (-1191 mg/kg and -458 mg/kg, respectively).Conclusions Soils in the agroecosystems of Mt. Kilimanjaro differ in their properties which implies that crop yield and quality could be higher on some plots than others. Therefore, the vulnerability to food insecurity and efforts required to improve soil quality could vary locally. The use of soil quality indicators would benefit both farmers and extension officers as a decision-making tool to identify suitable locations for crops, achieve precise use of production inputs and manipulate crop calendars.

Incidence and Severity of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Pests in Agro-Ecological Zones and Farming Systems of Western Kenya

East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal ◽

10.1080/00128325.2019.1599151 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 83 (3) ◽

pp. 191-205

Author(s):

JO Ogecha ◽

W Arinaitwe ◽

JW Muthomi ◽

V Aritua ◽

JN Obanyi

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Common Bean ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽

Western Kenya ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Agro Ecological Zones