Strategic Disaster Reduction Planning with Government Stakeholder Collaboration - A Case Study in Nara and Kyoto, Japan

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Maki ◽  
◽  
Keiko Tamura ◽  
Haruo Hayashi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Disaster Reduction ◽  
Stakeholder Collaboration ◽  
Tokyo Metropolitan Area ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
National Disaster

Japan’s central government sets strategic disaster reduction goals against mega earthquake disasters such as the Tokai-Tonankai-Nankai, and Tokyo metropolitan area earthquakes. These goals focus on mortality and economic loss, and many other local governments are now working on their own related plans. In order to accomplish national goals of disaster reduction, efforts by local stakeholders to build community resilience are, in fact, indispensable. So it is necessary to develop disaster reduction planning schemes involving both local and national stakeholders in order to comply with national disaster reduction goals. This paper discusses strategic disaster reduction planning with stakeholder involvement. Case studies were done in the Nara and Kyoto prefectural governments.

Social urbanism: public policy and place brand

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Place Brand ◽  
The City

PurposeThis paper aims to focus on how a public policy designed to address a social problem ultimately became the place brand.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a qualitative case study approach focusing on the city of Medellín, Colombia. It draws from fieldwork conducted in Medellín over 2014 and 2015, including semi-structured interviews with an array of local stakeholders.FindingsThe paper concludes that local governments should be aware that the policymaking process can become part of their branding. It also shows the importance of the continual involvement of stakeholders in the place brand process to ensure it is a sustainable brand.Originality/valueThere are limited studies which focus on how a public policy designed to address a social problem ultimately becomes the place brand. This paper shows how a public policy, social urbanism, became the branding of Medellín.

Mining off the Map: Fulongchang and Silver Mines in the Qing Empire’s Far Southwest

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-301
Author(s):  
Nanny Kim ◽  
Yang Yuda
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Governance Structures ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Mining Town ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
Qing Government

Abstract A donation stele discovered in the 1980 records that the community of the Fulong silver mines raised some 4500 liang of silver to build a temple dedicated to the God of Wealth in 1814. The site in a remote mountain range in northern Yunnan evidently was a prosperous and populous mining town. Yet it appears in no government record. Centered on the case study, this paper provides insights into social self-organization of communities and the structures within the Qing government that allowed the operation of mines that were registered with the local governments and submitted taxes yet kept out of the communications with the central government. The analysis contributes a specific example of communal governance structures and explains the two layers in late imperial administration, one which was official and documented in gazetteers and central records, and another which was customary and usually undocumented.

scholarly journals The implementation of Cost-Effective in Spanish local governments: Analysis of institutional work in a case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-90
Author(s):  
José María González-González ◽  
Manuel Jesús García-Fénix
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Institutional Work ◽  
Different Types

Este trabajo se propone analizar las formas de trabajo institucional desarrolladas por distintos actores para la emergencia e implantación del Coste Efectivo de los Servicios de las Entidades Locales (CESEL). Los resultados del estudio de caso longitudinal realizado ponen de manifiesto que los principales actores, Gobierno Central y Ayuntamiento, llevaron a cabo diferentes formas de trabajo institucional (político, cultural y técnico), surgiendo conflictos durante su desarrollo debido a las distintas lógicas institucionales en las que se apoyaron: eficiencia económica e interés social, respectivamente. Este trabajo contribuye a la perspectiva teórica adoptada evidenciando que las formas en las que se desarrolla el trabajo institucional por distintos actores determinan la configuración final de la nueva institución que quiere crearse. Así, aunque la regulación estableció como finalidad del CESEL profundizar en el cumplimiento de los principios de eficiencia y de transparencia de la gestión pública local, las formas en las que se ha desarrollado el trabajo institucional durante su implantación lo han configurado como un instrumento de transparencia, presentando además serias limitaciones para que ésta sea efectiva. This paper aims to analyze the forms of institutional work carried out by different actors with regard to the emergence and implementation of Cost-Effective of Local Government Services (CESEL, Coste Efectivo de los Servicios de las Entidades Locales). The results of the longitudinal case study evidence that the main actors, Central Government and Local Government, carried out different types of institutional work (political, cultural and technical), by arising conflicts during their development due to the different institutional logics in which they were supported: economic efficiency and social interest, respectively. This work contributes to the theoretical perspective adopted by evidencing that the ways in which institutional work is developed by different actors determine the final configuration of the new institution that is to be created. Thus, although the regulation established that the purpose of CESEL is to deepen on compliance with the principles of efficiency and transparency of local public management, the ways in which the institutional work has been developed during its implementation have configured it as an instrument for transparency and also it presents serious limitations so that transparency is effective.

scholarly journals Making Sanitation and Hygiene a Human Security Issue: The case of Nyamagabe District, Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwizera, Maurice Kwizera, Maurice ◽  
Lambert Karangwa ◽  
Jeannette Murekatete ◽  
Gilbert Rukundo Mutabaruka ◽  
Jean Paul Mbarushimana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Security Issue ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Government Leadership ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Practical Experiences ◽  
National Governments

This case study was developed to inform subsequent research and analysis of local government leadership and prioritisation of sanitation and hygiene (S&H) in East Africa. Consolidated learning from across the three countries involved can be found in the Sanitation Learning Hub (SLH) Learning Brief: Strengthening sub-national systems for area-wide sanitation and hygiene. From late 2020 to early 2021, the SLH collaborated with local government actors and development partners from three sub-national areas to explore ways of increasing local government leadership and prioritisation of S&H to drive progress towards area-wide S&H. For some time, local government leadership has been recognised as key to ensuring sustainability and scale, it is an important component of the emerging use of systems strengthening approaches in the sanitation sector. It is hoped that this work will provide practical experiences to contribute to this thinking. Three case studies were developed to capture local government and development partners’ experiences supporting sub-national governments increase their leadership and prioritisation of S&H in Siaya County (Kenya), Nyamagabe District (Rwanda), and Moyo District (Uganda), all of which have seen progress in recent years. The development partners involved were UNICEF in Kenya, WaterAid in Rwanda, and WSSCC/ Uganda Sanitation Fund in Uganda. The cases were then analysed through three online workshops facilitated with staff from the local governments, central government ministries and development partners involved to explore them in further detail, review experiences and identify levers and blockages to change. Lessons from the workshops are documented in the SLH learning brief mentioned above. This is the case study developed by Nyamagabe District and WaterAid documenting their experiences and reflections from working together to increase prioritisation of S&H in Nyamagabe District, Rwanda.

A Holistic Approach to Accelerated Attainment of Open-Defecation Free Status in Moyo District

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Katwere Ssemwanga ◽  
Dominic Lomongin Aballa ◽  
Steven Amoko ◽  
Sheila Nduhukire
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Government Leadership ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Practical Experiences ◽  
National Governments

This case study was developed to inform subsequent research and analysis of local government leadership and prioritisation of sanitation and hygiene (S&H) in East Africa. Consolidated learning from across the three countries involved can be found in the Sanitation Learning Hub (SLH) Learning Brief: Strengthening sub-national systems for area-wide sanitation and hygiene. From late 2020 to early 2021, the SLH collaborated with local government actors and development partners from three subnational areas to explore ways of increasing local government leadership and prioritisation of S&H to drive progress towards area-wide S&H. For some time, local government leadership has been recognised as key to ensuring sustainability and scale and it is an important component of the emerging use of systems strengthening approaches in the sanitation sector. It is hoped that this work will provide practical experiences to contribute to this thinking. Three case studies were developed to capture local government and development partners’ experiences supporting sub-national governments increase their leadership and prioritisation of S&H in Siaya County (Kenya), Nyamagabe District (Rwanda), and Moyo District (Uganda), all of which have seen progress in recent years. The development partners involved were UNICEF in Kenya, WaterAid in Rwanda, and WSSCC/ Uganda Sanitation Fund in Uganda. The cases were then analysed through three online workshops facilitated with staff from the local governments, central government ministries and development partners involved to explore them in further detail, review experiences and identify levers and blockages to change. Lessons from the workshops are documented in the SLH learning brief mentioned above. This is the case study developed by Moyo District and WSSCC/Uganda Sanitation Fund documenting their experiences and reflections from working together to increase prioritisation of S&H in Moyo District, Uganda.

The Budgetary Behavior of Local Governments and Intergovernmental Grant Policies: A Case Study for Japan

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-415
Author(s):  
Hiromitsu Ishi
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations ◽  
Government Grants ◽  
The Us ◽  
Fiscal Behavior ◽  
Intergovernmental Grant ◽  
The Impact

The basic aim in this paper is to clarify intergovernmental fiscal relations in Japan. Particular attention is paid to the impact of various types of central government grants on the local government budgets. This is an important issue in a nation like Japan, where the fiscal system is strongly centralized. First, a model is constructed to express the local fiscal behavior under the present grant policies, following the past attempts developed in the United States of America. Then, the estimates of this model are attempted using available data, and some policy questions are examined. The main empirical conclusions that are drawn from the Japanese experience are much more plausible than those in the US case. This implies that the control of central government via various grant policies is more dominant in Japan.

scholarly journals Format Kelembagaan Kerja Sama Antar Daerah Untuk Pembangunan Ekonomi Kawasan Berkelanjutan

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Bambang Tri Harsanto ◽  
Slamet Rosyadi ◽  
Simin Simin
Keyword(s):  
Depth Perception ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Interregional Cooperation ◽  
Multiple Case

This study was aimed at examining in depth the various weaknesses and efforts to improve the format of interregional cooperation better, and examining in depth perception, practice collaboration and document of inter-regional cooperation. To address these objectives, this study applied qualitative research methods: Multiple Case Study. This study will discuss various strategies, actions and opinions of actors cooperation in responding to various constraints and weaknesses in the former format of cooperation. The results showed each region considers that decentralization of regional cooperation is indispensable for the development efforts of regional economic potential. However, the existence of inter-regional cooperation is highly dependent on the commitment of the head of local governments and the support of government agencies in  both the provincial and central government, particularly in the form of funding and legislation that is used as an umbrella law for cooperation between regions.

Damage Scale and Long-term Recovery Plans in Japan: Working with Local People

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 431-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Maki* ◽  
◽  
Haruo Hayashi* ◽  
Keiko Tamura** ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Recovery Planning ◽  
Planning Framework ◽  
Historical Data Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Plans

After devastating disaster, local governments create their "long-term recovery plans." However, there is no clear threshold showing how severely damaged local governments would establish the plan, and no analysis on what kind of components those plans could include. Another issue about long-term recovery planning is how we compiling ideas or visions of stakeholders of an impacted community into a plan. There exists two aspects in planning, one is how ideas of stakeholders are compiled into a plan, and the other is how a feasible plan is established. This paper discusses about 1) the threshold and components for long-term recovery plans from historical data analysis on the various long term recovery plans in Japan during 1959 Ise Bay Typhoon Disaster to Niigata Chuetsu Earthquake Disaster, and 2) planning scheme to establish feasible plan with stakeholder involvement. As a results about the threshold and components on long-term recovery plans, when 8% house holds suffers major damage within total local government's house holds, local governments could establish "long-term recovery plans," and there exits two kinds of "long-term recovery plans" such as comprehensive plans and disaster reduction+short term recovery plans among recent "long-term recovery plans." And the scheme to develop long-term recovery planning by summing up 1690 of stakeholders' ideas on long term recovery of the community into the plan according to a strategic planning framework were developed from the case study in the Ojiya City long term recovery planning, which suffers severe damage from 2004 Niigata Chuetsu Earthquake Disaster. The planning process which could secure the feasibility and effectiveness of the plan and compile successfully various visions and ideas of stakeholders were compiled into the plan were developed.

scholarly journals The Impact of Governmental Policy on the Effective Operation of CSOs: A French Case Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Mourey ◽  
Philippe Eynaud ◽  
Carolyn Cordery
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWorldwide, civil society organizations (CSOs) are an integral component in the complex network that comprises the public sphere improving the welfare of our communities. In the second half of the twentieth century French CSOs’ contributions to their citizens’ welfare have become increasingly valued. Nevertheless, radical changes to employment policies during the Sarkozy regime (2007–2012) impacted social services to unemployed migrants. In addition, central government constrained local governments’ ability to fund social services, pushing a shift from a culture of “granting subsidies” to one based on “public procurement contracting” (Langlais 2008). These environmental changes are likely to transform CSO-government relationships.This research asks two questions: what is the impact of such radical changes and what possible responses can organizations make, if they are to survive? To answer these, we utilize a case study of a French CSO (Association), which is highly dependent on public funding to deliver its urban-based migrant programs. We utilize the lens of resource dependency, focusing on the interrelationships and interactions that impact CSOs’ legitimacy and support. Effects of the reforms include a change from relatively cooperative relationships with government to adversarial exchanges. Moreover, this CSO’s activities are apprehended by public funders as short-term single projects considered in isolation from one another so that its overall outcomes are not quantitatively measured. As a result, the CSO’s overarching and long-term social and economic contribution to the territory’s public sphere is in jeopardy.

scholarly journals Municipal Bankruptcy: Pilot Experience from Czech Republic

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Filip Hruza
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Limited Time ◽  
Financial Problems ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Pilot Experience ◽  
Real Importance

<p>Local governments are important parts of public sector and they play significant role in daily life of residents. Their role is usually underestimated in comparison with central government tasks and responsibilities. Residents usually realize the real importance of municipal role when municipalities are in financial problems or even bankruptcy and for these reasons they have to restrict their services. This research paper focuses on the issue of financially distressed Czech municipalities and relevant financial areas or indicators in period prior financial problems of municipalities similar to a bankruptcy. This case study is specific due to the fact that this country misses bankruptcy legislation for municipalities and small total number of already existing cases of municipal bankruptcy due to limited time period of their higher autonomy after 1989. Thus the research sample of comparable cases is very limited and this paper serves as a pilot case study. The research for this paper is focused on the financial management of municipalities from the perspective of negative financial situations and the preceding phase to reveal and achieve certain preliminary findings and experience as a pilot lesson for financial management improvements and further exploration and research.</p>

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