New Approaches for Tackling Foodborne Infections

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Kumagai ◽  
◽  
Mamoru Noda ◽  
Fumiko Kasuga ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Foodborne Infections

New challenges have emerged in Japan’s foodborne infections due to the changes in social structure and food distribution system in addition to changing pathogens. This paper introduces new approaches for tackling foodborne infections. There are two types of information concerning foodborne infections. First is the food poisoning statistics compiled based on the findings of food poisoning investigations conducted by Prefectures etc. under the Food Sanitation Law. The other is information collected through the surveillance system of infectious diseases under the Law Concerning the Prevention of Infectious Disease and Medical care for Patients of Infections. Both the notifications of foodborne infections are essential to grasp the actual situation of foodborne infections. In recent years, theMinistry of Health, Labour andWelfare has established a system named the National Epidemiological Surveillance of Foodborne Disease (NESFD). This system supports to detect diffuse outbreaks at an early stage and prevent the expansion of health damages by sharing data of all food poisoning outbreaks in Japan between local governments and the central government. According to the food poisoning statistics between 1954 and 2009, food poisoning by unknown causes have largely decreased, but cases in which implicated food is not identified are on the increasing trend. There is a need to progress the epidemiological estimation method for getting the attribution rate of foodborne diseases to food obtained. Moreover, there is a possibility that new causative agents of food poisoning could be found by analyzing the information of cases of complaints about symptoms or attention-catchy information obtained in the food poisoning investigation undertaken by Prefectures etc. Therefore there is a need for the officials in charge of the government administration and research institutions to strengthen collaboration. Furthermore, Japan has been cooperating in the approach of the Foodborne Disease Epidemiology Reference Group (WHO/FERG) to promote “the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)” as a metric of public health impact. This is developing the appropriate epidemiological surveillance system for estimating the human health burden of foodborne diseases in Japan.

scholarly journals Brazilian Foodborne Disease National Survey: Evaluating the Landscape after 11 Years of Implementation to Advance Research, Policy, and Practice in Public Health

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cainara Draeger ◽  
Rita Akutsu ◽  
Renata Zandonadi ◽  
Izabel da Silva ◽  
Raquel Botelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance System

The poor control of public and private agencies regarding the quality of foods offered to populations has a significant impact on the occurrence of foodborne diseases. Precise information about foodborne diseases (FBD) can adequately inform policy-makers and help to allocate appropriate resources for the control of food safety. This study aimed to evaluate the Brazilian foodborne disease landscape after 11 years of implementation of the Epidemiological Surveillance System of Foodborne Diseases. The study analyzed secondary data from the National System of Injuries and Notifications (SINAN-NET), available from the Health Department. We evaluated the characteristics of FBD, such as the food involved, the location of ingestion, the total time to the outcome investigation, the microorganism involved and deaths. We also calculated the global incidence, mortality and lethality rates of the country. There were 7630 FBD outbreaks in the National Epidemiological Surveillance System of Foodborne Diseases (VE-DTA). Of the registered reports, a total of 134,046 individuals were sick with FBD; 19,394 were hospitalized, and there were 127 registered deaths. We found a coefficient of incidence of FBD of 67.57 per 100,000 inhabitants; a mortality coefficient of 0.06 per 100,000 inhabitants and lethality of 0.09% over the 11 years investigated. Data are probably underreported since the VE-DTA system lacks completeness, and because FBD symptoms are mostly mild, a large part of the population does not seek care from health services.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Surveillance System on Foodborne Diseases in Brazil after 10-Years of Its Implementation: Completeness Evaluation

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cainara Draeger ◽  
Rita Akutsu ◽  
Wilma Araújo ◽  
Izabel da Silva ◽  
Raquel Botelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
General Category ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance System

This study aimed to evaluate the data quality of the Brazilian Epidemiological Surveillance System on Foodborne Diseases (VE-DTA) through the evaluation of the completeness of the record after 10-years of its implementation. The study evaluated the measurement of completeness by quantifying ignored, incomplete or blank responses of the data items filled. The evaluation used the percentage of completion of these items regarding the total number of notifications registered in the system. We organized the results according to the general Category of completeness of the database, by year of notification and region of occurrence. We also evaluated the overall completeness percentages of the database and the completeness levels according to the degree of recommendation of completion of each variable (mandatory, essential, and complementary) by the VE-DTA manual. The system presented 7037 outbreaks of foodborne diseases. According to the completeness classification, the database presented general classification as Category 1 since it has 82.1% (n = 5.777) of variables with the level of completion up to 75.1%. We observed that 8.6% of the database was classified as category 2; 9.2% as category 3 and 0.1% as category 4. The improvement on database quality regarding completeness can positively impact on public health and public policies, reducing the number of FBDs deaths.

CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN DETECTION OF MICROORGANISMS IN FOODS-CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS1

1969 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 426-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert E. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
Direct Examination ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Serological Examination ◽  
Large Numbers

Recent work on Clostridium perfringens foodborne disease has established that any type, whether classical or “food-poisoning,” may cause illness if present in sufficiently large numbers. Cultural methods for detection and enumeration of the organism have been suggested, and some of these methods have proven satisfactory in field trials. New approaches, such as the cultural or serological examination of patients' feces or the direct examination of foods for toxin content, have been suggested. The problem has been shown to be of sufficient importance to warrant continued and increased study.

scholarly journals Foodborne Infections and Intoxications in Hyderabad India

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Sudershan ◽  
R. Naveen Kumar ◽  
L. Kashinath ◽  
V. Bhaskar ◽  
K. Polasa
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Etiological Agent ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
The Common ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
Foodborne Infections

Foodborne diseases are one of the health hazards and causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In India there are no systematic studies to understand the types of foods involved and the etiological agent causing the disease. Therefore, a pilot study was proposed to investigate the food poisoning cases, undertaken by the Ronald Ross Institute of Tropical Diseases, which is a referral hospital for foodborne diseases in Hyderabad. Food and stool/rectal swabs of the patients affected were collected for microbiological examination. Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were used to express the statistical significance of the differences. Epidemiological, environmental, and laboratory components indicated that Staphylococcus aureus was the etiological agent in most of the cases and in one case Salmonella spp. were the main cause of food poisoning. This study indicated the need to take up foodborne disease surveillance under the Indian context and to identify the common high-risk food commodities for microbial contamination and identification.

scholarly journals Natural infection of triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) by trypanosomatids in two different environments in the municipality of Ouro Preto do Oeste, State of Rondônia, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dionatas Ulisses de Oliveira Meneguetti ◽  
Olzeno Trevisan ◽  
Luís Marcelo Aranha Camargo ◽  
Renato Moreira Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
The State ◽  
High Index ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Digestive Tube ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance System

INTRODUCTION: This study analyzed the occurrence and the contamination of triatomines by trypanosomatids in Orbignya speciosa (babassu) specimens in the State of Rondônia, Brazil, in two different environments (pasture and woods). METHODS: Capture of triatomines on babassus and microscopic search for trypanosomatids in their digestive tube were carried out. RESULTS: Four hundred ninety-four (494) specimens were captured (Rhodnius prolixus and R.robustus), of which 35.6% of the triatomines were positive for trypanosomatids. CONCLUSIONS: The high index of natural infection along with the abundance of triatomines points out to the necessity to create an epidemiological surveillance system to monitor vector-borne transmission and deepen the studies on the ecology of such vectors in the Amazon.

Factors that Contribute to Outbreaks of Foodborne Disease

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 816-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANK L. BRYAN
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Infected Person ◽  
Principal Factors ◽  
Foodborne Outbreaks ◽  
Cooked Food ◽  
The U.S

Factors that contributed to foodborne outbreaks that were reported in the U.S. from 1973–1976 are identified and categorized by disease and by locale in which incriminated foods were mishandled. Data from the same years are tallied separately and combined with data from the years 1961–1972. Inadequate cooling was associated with most foodborne outbreaks, with many bacterial foodborne diseases (such as salmonellosis, staphylococcal food poisoning, and Clostridium perfringens gastroenteritis), and frequently with outbreaks that originated from foods prepared in foodservice establishments and homes. Inadequate cooling practices were usually either failure to refrigerate cooked foods or the storing of foods in large stock pots or other large containers that were refrigerated. Other important factors that contributed to foodborne outbreaks were the lapse of a day or more between preparing and serving (coupled with inadequate refrigeration or hot-holding during this time), handling of cooked foods by infected persons, inadequate cooking or other thermal processing, inadequately high temperatures during hot storage, inadequately high reheating temperatures, inadequate cleaning of kitchen or processing equipment, ingestion of contaminated raw food or ingredient, and cross contamination. The frequency of involvements of the factors that contributed to outbreaks in England and Wales was quite similar. The principal factors that contributed to staphylococcal food poisoning were inadequate cooling practices, infected person manipulating cooked food, and lapse of a day or more between preparing and serving. The principal factors that contributed to C. perfringens gastroenteritis were inadequate cooling practices, lapse of a day or more between preparing and serving, and inadequately high temperatures during hot-holding and reheating. The principal factors that contributed to salmonellosis were inadequate cooling practices, contaminated raw ingredients, inadequate cooking or thermal processing, and cross-contamination.

scholarly journals Disability-adjusted Life Years for respiratory syncytial virus in children under 2 years

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
jefferson buendia ◽  
Fernando Polack ◽  
Juana Patricia Sanchez Villamil
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Statistical Parameter ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus infection is the leading cause of bronchiolitis in Colombia. There is growing evidence about the impact of Respiratory syncytial virus on society in terms of years of life lost due to this condition. The objective of the present study is to determine the Disability-Adjusted Life Years for respiratory syncytial virus in children under 2 years in ColombiaMETHODS: Data from the national epidemiological surveillance system were used to estimate DALYs, calculated from the sum of years of life lost and years lived with disability due to RSV infection in Colombia. A bootstrapped method with 10000 iterations was used to estimate each statistical parameter using the package DALY calculator in R. RESULTS: In 2019, 260 873 years of life (CI95% 208 180- 347 023) were lost due to RSV bronchiolitis in Colombian children under 2 years. The estimated rate was 20 DALYs / 1000 person-year (95% CI 16 – 27).CONCLUSION: This is the first report estimating the impact of RSV bronchiolitis morbidity and mortality in Colombia. The findings of the present study suggest that the actual burden and cost of bronchiolitis due to RSV is high. Prevention strategies, such as RSV vaccination, to reduce morbidity associated with RSV infection should be encouraged in our country.

scholarly journals Novel case of food poisoning caused by the consumption of Pacific bluefin tuna infected with Kudoa hexapunctata

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Tachibana ◽  
TAKASHI WATARI
Keyword(s):  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Bluefin Tuna ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Pacific Bluefin Tuna ◽  
Kudoa Hexapunctata

Consumption of Japanese cuisine, such as sushi and sashimi, is accompanied by the risk of food poisoning through various pathogens. Kudoa hexapunctata, detected in both adult and juvenile Pacific bluefin tuna, causes foodborne diseases. Here, we report cases of food poisoning after Kudoa hexapunctata-infected PBT consumption.

Homicide Epidemic in Cali, Colombia: A Surveillance System Data Analysis, 1993‒2018

2021 ◽  
pp. e1-e8
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Guerrero-Velasco ◽  
Víctor Hugo Muñoz ◽  
Alberto Concha-Eastman ◽  
Álvaro J. Pretel-Meneses ◽  
Maria I. Gutiérrez-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Homicide Rates ◽  
System Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance System

Objectives. To examine homicide rates in Cali, Colombia, during the 1993–2018 period, using information derived from an interagency surveillance system. Methods. We used homicide data from Cali’s Epidemiological Surveillance System to examine homicide trends by victim’s age and sex, time, and type of method used. We estimated trend changes and the annual percentage changes using joinpoint regression analyses. Results. Homicide rates per 100 000 inhabitants dropped from 102 in 1993 to 47.8 in 2018. We observed reductions in homicide rates across age and sex groups. Most homicide victims were men aged 20 to 39 years from poor, marginalized areas. Firearms were used in 84.9% of all cases. The average annual percentage change for the entire period was −3.6 (95% confidence interval = −6.7, −0.4). Conclusions. Fluctuations in homicide rates in Cali show a clear epidemic pattern, occurring concurrently with the “crack epidemic” in different countries. Reliable and timely information provided by an Epidemiological Surveillance System allowed opportune formulation of public policies to reduce the impact of violence in Cali. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print June 10, 2021: e1–e8. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306254 )

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