scholarly journals Akses Pelayanan Kesehatan Keluarga Berstatus Ekonomi Rendah di Era JKN

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-124
Author(s):  
Prastuti Soewondo ◽  
Meliyanni Johar ◽  
Retno Pujisubekti
Keyword(s):  
Economically Disadvantaged ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Inpatient Services ◽  
The Government ◽  
Disadvantaged Families

Economically disadvantaged families often cannot pay for healthcare. Since Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) was launched in 2014, the government expands subsidies for these families, identified based on consumption. However, this criterion would misclassify families with low purchasing power as economically advantaged because they have large consumption, financed through social assistance. This paper uses the income from the main job instead to determine families’ economic rank. Based on 35 percent of families with the lowest income, utilisation increases with insurance availability. Predictions using consumption as the gauge for economic rank are underestimated, up to 71 percent for inpatient services. .................................................... Masyarakat dengan status ekonomi rendah sering kali tidak mampu memenuhi kebutuhan kesehatannya. Sejak Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) diluncurkan pada tahun 2014, Pemerintah memperluas subsidi iuran bagi keluarga tidak mampu yang diidentifikasi menurut nilai konsumsi. Masalahnya, kriteria ini akan mengategorikan keluarga tidak mampu sebagai mampu karena nilai konsumsi yang besar dibiayai oleh pihak lain. Sebagai alternatif, kajian ini menggolongkan keluarga berdasarkan besaran penghasilan yang didapatkan dari pekerjaan. Untuk 35 persen keluarga berpenghasilan terendah, probabilitas utilisasi ditemukan meningkat dengan ketersediaan jaminan kesehatan. Penggunaan besaran konsumsi sebagai acuan peringkat ekonomi terlalu kecil menafsir pengaruh kepesertaan jaminan kesehatan pada utilisasi, sampai sebanyak 71 persen pada pelayanan rawat inap.

scholarly journals Government Efforts to Increase MSME Sales in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florencia Lianggono
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Government Assistance ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medium Enterprises

When the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia, Indonesia’s economy experienced a very drastic decline. The government is also preparing a strategy to save micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) by providing social assistance, tax incentives, relaxation, and credit restructuring, to expand financing. Many efforts to develop and empower MSMEs have been carried out by the Central Government, Provinces, Districts, and Cities, including state-owned enterprises and regional-owned enterprises. The government has prepared a budget of Rp 28 trillion to help business capital to 12 million small and ultra micro entrepreneurs by 2020. The purpose of government assistance is to increase people's purchasing power, reduce poverty and unemployment.

scholarly journals Food Decisions of Low-Income Families in the Era of COVID-19: A Qualitative Exploration

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 250-250
Author(s):  
Eleni Spyreli ◽  
Michelle McKinley ◽  
Jayne Woodside ◽  
Colette Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economically Disadvantaged ◽  
Food Shopping ◽  
Food Planning ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Disadvantaged Families

Abstract Objectives The first lockdown enforced in the United Kingdom to limit the spread of COVID-19 had serious financial consequences for some lower-income households, which were already at risk of suboptimal food choices. Particularly in Northern Ireland, where 10% of the population live in food insecure households, the pandemic has potentially further exacerbated the nutritional challenges experienced by low-income families. This paper aimed to explore the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on food-related decisions as experienced by economically disadvantaged families in Northern Ireland, UK. Methods A qualitative study collected data through online individual interviews. Participation was open to parents of children 2–17 years old who self-identified as living on a tight budget in urban and rural areas of Northern Ireland. A sampling matrix enabled equal representation of single- and two-parent households, as well as younger (<12 y) and older children (>12 y). Photovoice and participatory mapping techniques were employed to capture participant data. A thematic approach was utilised for data analysis. Results A total of 12 interviews were conducted. Five distinct themes were found, reflecting families’ food-related decisions that were affected by the COVID-19 lockdown: 1) food planning; 2) food purchasing; 3) meal preparation; 4) eating and feeding behaviours and 5) eating food prepared outside the house. Changes included an increase in home food preparation, but also in unhealthy snacking. Fear of being exposed to carriers of the virus led to infrequent food shopping and greater reliance on supermarket home deliveries. Long waiting times in-between food shops encouraged food planning but were also a barrier to providing daily fresh foods including fruit and vegetables to their families. Financial constraints were exacerbated during lockdown and led to a search for new ways to budget when food shopping. Food donations from the community and the government were important to maintain food security, particularly in single-parent families. Conclusions This study highlights that the COVID-19 lockdown influenced a broad range of dietary decisions of economically disadvantaged families and offers an insight into the nutritional challenges they experienced. Funding Sources The work was completed with financial support from internal funds of Queens University Belfast.

scholarly journals Trajectory of Food Insecurity and Its Association with Longitudinal Mental Health and Sleep Outcomes in Adolescents from Economically Disadvantaged Families

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1696
Author(s):  
Ting-Hsuan Lee ◽  
Jen-Hao Kuo ◽  
Chia-Yi Liu ◽  
Yi-Fang Yu ◽  
Carol Strong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Economically Disadvantaged ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Disadvantaged Families

Background: Adolescence is a critical transition period in the course of human development. Although food insecurity (FI) has been shown to be associated with adverse mental health and sleep outcomes in US adolescents, there is a paucity of research examining the relationships between FI, mental health, and sleep outcomes in Taiwanese adolescents. Furthermore, it is unknown how the change of FI over time (i.e., the trajectory of FI) is related to health outcomes. Methods: The data come from the Taiwan Database of Children and Youth in Poverty, which is a national longitudinal project measuring FI in five survey waves (2009–2017). We employed group-based trajectory modeling to classify various FI trends over the five waves using STATA. Furthermore, a generalized estimating equation analysis was conducted with FI trajectories as the independent variable to see how FI trajectory is related to mental health and sleep outcomes. Results: In total, 1921 participants aged 12–18 years in the first wave were deemed valid for the analysis. We classified the participants into four FI trajectory groups: persistently low FI (24.8%), persistently moderate FI (64.7%), declining from high to low FI (4.1%), and food-secure groups (6.4%). As compared to food-secure adolescents, the persistently moderate FI group was more likely to have mental problems (β = 0.30, [95% confidence interval 0.21–0.38]), while the other FI groups were only marginally associated with mental health problems. Moreover, adolescents in the persistently low FI group (β = 0.13, [0.02–0.23]) and persistently moderate FI group (β = 0.39, [0.29–0.48]) were found to have more sleep problems than those in the food-secure group. Conclusions: Our study describes the FI profile of adolescents from economically disadvantaged families and the difficulties they might encounter. With this information, healthcare providers can aid adolescents in the early stages of mental health problems and provide guidance when appropriate.

scholarly journals ‘If the Food Looks Dodgy I Dinnae Eat It’: Teenagers’ Accounts of Food and Eating Practices in Socio-Economically Disadvantaged Families

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Wills ◽  
Kathryn Backett-Milburn ◽  
Sue Gregory ◽  
Julia Lawton
Keyword(s):  
Economically Disadvantaged ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Family Meals ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Consumption Choices ◽  
Eating Practices ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Disadvantaged Families

This paper examines how young teenagers living in socio-economically disadvantaged families perceive everyday food and eating practices within the home. From in-depth interviews with 36 Scottish teenagers aged 13-14 years, we analysed teenagers’ accounts of contemporary ‘family meals’. We found that food and eating practices were negotiated amidst complex family arrangements with extended, resident and non-resident kin. Parents were often reported to provide food ‘on demand’, a flexible arrangement which seemed to reflect both teenagers’ and parents’ lifestyles and personal relationships. Teenagers often contested the consumption of particular foods which sometimes reflected and reinforced their relationship with a biological or non-biological parent. Teenagers could differentiate themselves from others through their food preferences and tastes and food consumption therefore helped shaped their identity. Many teenagers claimed that parents set rules regarding food and eating, thereby creating boundaries within which their consumption choices had to remain. We discuss whether and how these findings are a reflection of the socio-economic status of the participating families and conclude that exploring food and eating practices is a powerful lens for the examination of family life.

scholarly journals Cortisol and antisocial behavior in early adolescence: The role of gender in an economically disadvantaged sample

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Kobak ◽  
Kristyn Zajac ◽  
Seymour Levine
Keyword(s):  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Economically Disadvantaged ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Antisocial Behaviors ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Disadvantaged Families

AbstractThis study examines the relation between adolescents' antisocial behaviors and adrenocortical activity during a laboratory visit in a sample of economically disadvantaged families (N= 116, ages 12–14, 51% female). Pretask cortisol levels indexed adolescents' prechallenge response to the lab visit, whereas adolescents' response to a conflict discussion with their caregivers was indexed with residualized change in pre- to postconflict cortisol levels. A trait measure of antisocial behavior (derived from parent, teacher, and self-reports) was associated with lower pretask cortisol levels but greater cortisol response to the conflict discussion. Gender moderated antisocial adolescents' cortisol response to the conflict discussion with girls who reported more covert risky problem behaviors showing an increased cortisol response. The findings suggest that, although antisocial adolescents had lower pretask cortisol levels, conflict discussions with caregivers present a unique challenge to antisocial girls compared with antisocial boys.

The Political Economy of Infant Mortality in São Paulo, Brazil

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Mortality Trend ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Government

After the military took power in Brazil in 1964, the government adopted a wide range of policies designed to stimulate economic growth. A central aspect of the Brazilian model of development was the control of wages. From 1964 to 1975 this strategy caused the purchasing power of the minimum wage in the city of São Paulo to fall. The decline in the real wage index was associated with a rise in infant mortality during the period. When real wages rose after 1974, the death rate dropped off. The infant mortality trend cannot be explained by other factors that affect the actual or the reported death rate, such as changes in cityward migration, shifts in the distribution of income, and improvements in the quality of vital statistics. The findings of this study indicate a causal relationship between the infant mortality trend and changes in the purchasing power of the urban poor. Additional data on nutrition, changes in household behavior, and shifts in the cause structure of mortality support this conclusion.

scholarly journals Analisis Pengaruh PPn, PPnBM, dan PKB dengan Tarif Progresif Terhadap Daya Beli Konsumen Kendaraan Bermotor Roda Empat Di Makassar.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-101
Author(s):  
Nurul Arfiah Hasibullah ◽  
Mursalim Mursalim ◽  
Muhammad Su'un
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
The Public ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Government ◽  
Positive Effect

Pajak adalah kewajiban yang harus dibayar oleh masyarakat pada pemerintah untuk kegiatan pembangunan di segala bidang, Pajak dapat dikatakan keharusan atau kewajiban yang dibayar oleh masyarakat pribadi maupund badan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh pengenaan pajak pertambahan nilai, pajak penjualan atas barang mewah dan Pajak kendaraan bermotor tarif progresif terhadap daya beli konsumen. Populasi penelitian ini adalah konsumen kendaraan bermotor roda empat yang ditemui di kantor Badan Pendapatan Daerah Sulawesi Selatan,Pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari kuesioner dengan menggunakan sample Slovin,Teknik analisis data yakni analisis regresi linier berganda.Hasil peneltian  yaitu pengenaan PPN tidak berpengaruh terhadap daya beli konsumen, PPnBM mempunyai pengaruh positif signifikan, serta PKB tarif progresif berpengaruh positif pada daya beli konsumen kendaraan bermotor roda empat. Taxes are obligations that must be paid by the public to the government for development activities in all fields. Taxes can be said to be imperatives or obligations paid by private and maupund bodies of society. This study aims to analyze the effect of the imposition of value added tax, sales tax on luxury goods and progressive motor vehicle tax on consumer purchasing power. The population of this study is four-wheeled motor vehicle consumers found in the office of the South Sulawesi Regional Revenue Agency. Collecting data using primary data obtained from a questionnaire using the Slovin sample, the data analysis technique is multiple linear regression analysis. consumer purchasing power, PPnBM has a significant positive effect, and PKB progressive tariffs have a positive effect on the purchasing power of consumers of four-wheeled vehicles.  

scholarly journals IPTEKS BANTUAN SOSIAL BERDASARKAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI PEMERINTAHAN DI KANTOR WILAYAH KEMENTERIAN AGAMA PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yustanti A. Radjak ◽  
Oliviana Kojo ◽  
Dian Ardhina Lacoro ◽  
Jenny Morasa
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
Government Accounting ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
The Government

Social assistance is the provision of assistance in the form of money or goods provided from the Central Government to the Regional Government or central institutions in the region. The expenditure / burden of social assistance in the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religion of North Sulawesi Province is in accordance with Government Accounting Standards (GAS). for procedures for social assistance that have been going well, can be seen from the procedures stipulated in the proposal until the disbursement of funds or goods. Presentation of financial statements using accrual methods makes it easier for the government to produce accurate government financial reports.Keywords: Government Accounting Standards, Social Assistance

Early detection of social neglect in economically disadvantaged families as a direction of family policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Tatyana Anatolievna Mikhailova
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Economically Disadvantaged ◽  
Family Policy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
The Family ◽  
Families With Children ◽  
Disadvantaged Families

One of the directions of social policy is to improve the situation of children and families with children. The main objectives of family policy are related to improving the well-being of the family. In this regard, it becomes obvious that there is a need to develop a system of measures for early identification of families in crisis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document