scholarly journals Fiscal Decentralization: Its Impact on Cities Growth

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Raksaka Mahi
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Block Grant ◽  
Grant Funding ◽  
The Past ◽  
Decentralization Policy ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

Indonesia currently adopts a new decentralization policy. In the past, central government had been the major role of regional and cities development. With the new policy, central government has transferred its role in developing cities and regions to the local governments. This policy adopts two complimentary laws. Law No.22/1999, which is basically the devolution policy, has been accompanied by Law No.25/1999, which basically is the fiscal decentralization policy. Both laws reflect that decentralization policy in Indonesia has adopted the concept of "money follows functions".Before the implementation of decentralization policy, the government of cities had been benefited from many facilities built by central government on the city area. With the decentralization policy, it is expected that a reduced role of central government will have a significant impact on the growth of cities in Indonesia. The policy has three major fiscal instruments; a block grant funding, a specific grant and revenue sharing. The block grant funding is considered as the most important instruments of fiscal decentralization in Indonesia. About 80 percent of financial transfer from central to local governments will be in the block grant type of transfer. In the past, the use of transfers was determined by central government specifically. Therefore, the role of block grant was very minimal. With the new fiscal decentralization scheme, the benefits of cities from central government investments are expected to decrease. Therefore, there is a question to what extend the cities will be sustainable in the decentralization era.This paper attempts to answer the impacts of current fiscal decentralization policy on the growth of the cities. The first objective of the paper is to evaluate the current intergovernmental tranfers and their impact to cities revenues. Secondly, by utilizing a regional macroeconometric model, this paper also elaborates the implication of the transfers to the city growth and interregional disparity in Indonesia. 

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN REGIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR THE HANDLING OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Yurispruden ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Fahrul Abrori
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship

 ABSTRAKPandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi di Indonesia membuat pemerintah membuat kebijakan-kebijakan sebagai stimulus untuk menjaga kestabilan masyarakat dan perekonomian. Pemerintah pusat memberikan kewenangan kepada pemerintah daerah untuk mengelola keuangan daerah untuk menangani covid-19 di daerah masing-masing. Hal ini disebabkan karena pemerintah daerah lebih memahami kebutuhan daerahnya. Permasalahan yang diangkat Pertama, bagaimana hubungan Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah dalam pengelolaan keuangan untuk penanganan pandemi Covid-19? Kedua, Apa peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam pengelolaan keuangan daerah untuk penanganan pandemi Covid-19? Menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep. Hubungan Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan untuk Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 yaitu desentralisasi fiskal yang mana. Peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah untuk Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 yaitu dengan melakukan refocusing kegiatan, realokasi anggaran, dan Penggunaan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah.Kata kunci: Pemerintah Daerah, Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah, Pandemi Covid-19 ABSTRACTThe Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia led the government to make policies as a stimulus to maintain the stability of society and the economy. The central government authorizes local governments to manage local finances to deal with covid-19 in their respective regions. This is because the local government better understands the needs of the region. The issue raised first, how is the relationship between the Central Government and Local Government in financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic? Second, What is the role of local governments in regional financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic? Using normative juridical research methods with statutory approaches and concept approaches. The relationship between the Central Government and Local Government in Financial Management for the Handling of the Covid-19 Pandemic is fiscal decentralization. The role of local governments in regional financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic is by refocusing activities, reallocating budgets, and using regional budgets.Keywords: Local Government, Regional Financial Management, Covid-19 Pandemic

China’s Science and Technology Progress through the Lens of Patenting

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-112
Author(s):  
Gary H. Jefferson ◽  
Renai Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Patent Quality ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
International Sector ◽  
Role Of The Government

This chapter assesses China’s science and technology (S&T) progress through the lens of the patenting literature in the context of China. In particular, after presenting an overview of China’s patent production over the past twenty-five years, it investigates the following questions: What accounts for China’s patent surge? What are the implications of the surge for patent quality? Does the nature of the patenting reveal China’s S&T direction and comparative advantage? How has the international sector affected China’s patent production? What has been the role of the government—the central, provincial, and local governments—in shaping patent production? And finally, how heterogeneous is China’s regional patent production; are patenting capabilities diffusing across China?

scholarly journals Fiscal Decentralization and Local Environmental Pollution in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8661
Author(s):  
Shufen Guo ◽  
Ludi Wen ◽  
Yanrui Wu ◽  
Xiaohang Yue ◽  
Guilian Fan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Environment Management ◽  
Environmental Preference ◽  
Fiscal Revenue ◽  
The Impact

Fiscal decentralization is one of the tools for the central government to engage local governments in environment management. However, its effects are inconclusive. This paper aims to examine the impact of fiscal decentralization on environmental pollution and the role of government environmental preference in China’s provinces. The results show that fiscal revenue decentralization exacerbates local environmental pollution more seriously than expenditure decentralization. This negative environmental effect of fiscal decentralization could be moderated by government environmental preference. Based on our findings, it is recommended that China’s local governments should improve environmental preference so that fiscal decentralization can create a win–win situation for the economy and environment. Furthermore, the different effects of fiscal revenue and expenditure decentralization create a necessity for differentiated management of fiscal decentralization by the central and local governments.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MENDORONG TINDAKAN TAX EVASION PADA WAJIB PAJAK UMKM DI KECAMATAN MADIDIR KOTA BITUNG

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif A. Palowa ◽  
Grace B. Nangoi ◽  
Natalia Y. T. Gerungai
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
System Factor ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

The needs of local governments to the central government in the framework of financing and the level of community compliance to pay taxes in accordance with what is owed is the focus that needs to be discussed. For this reason, this study aims to analyze the factors that encourage tax evasion according to individual taxpayers in Madidir District, Bitung City. This type of research is qualitative descriptive, and the data used is primary data. Data obtained through direct interviews with seven informants in the city of Bitung based on the results of research on the analysis of factors - factors that encourage tax evasion in the form of reducing, removing, and illegal manipulation of tax burden according to taxpayers in Madidir Subdistrict, Bitung City can be concluded that the driving factor society takes action tax evasion is a fare factor that makes the tax burden to be high, economic factors, taxes system factor that too complicated, compliance factors that aim to enrich themselves, the government firmness factor, and distrust of the government bureaucracy.Keywords: tax, factors, tax evasion.

scholarly journals PEMENUHAN LUASAN HUTAN KOTA SEBAGAI PENCEGAH MASALAH LINGKUNGAN DI SURABAYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martika Dini Syaputri ◽  
Nany Suryawati
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Urban Forests ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

AbstractEnvironmental problems in urban areas are a problem that never stops. That every community needs a healthy life, but this seems difficult to become a reality for urban communities because the population continues to increase every year so that land conversion occurs which results in increased air and water pollution. Therefore, the central government hopes that each region or region can provide RTH 30% of the city area. The purpose of this study is to analyze the enforcement of the City Forest Regulations in Surabaya and to find out the efforts of local governments in fulfilling urban forest land in urban areas. This study uses a normative juridical method. As part of RTH, the development of urban forests in Surabaya is very much needed by the community, therefore cooperation between the government and the community is needed in the management and development of urban forests. Fulfillment of urban forest areas in Surabaya can be done by maximizing the form of urban forest that has been regulated based on the City Forest Regulation, either in the form of channels, groups or scattered.Keywords: city forest; green open space; urbanAbstrakMasalah lingkungan hidup diwilayah perkotaan merupakan masalah yang tak kunjung berakhir. Bahwa setiap masyarakat membutuhkan hidup sehat, namun hal tersebut seolah sulit menjadi kenyataan bagi masyarakat perkotaan yang disebabkan karena jumlah penduduk yang tiap tahun meningkat sehingga terjadi pengalihfungsian lahan yang berakibat pada semakin meningkatnya pencemaran udara maupun pencemaran air. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah pusat mengharapkan bagi setiap wilayah atau daerah menyediakan RTH 30% dari luasan kota. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa pemberlakuan Perda Hutan Kota di Surabaya serta mengetahui upaya pemerintah daerah dalam memenuhi lahan hutan kota pada wilayah perkotaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif. Sebagai bagian dari RTH, pengembangan hutan kota di Surabaya sangat dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat oleh karenanya diperlukan kerjasama antara pemerintah dengan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan dan pengembangan hutan kota. Pemenuhan luasan hutan kota di Surabaya dapat dilakukan dengan mamaksimalkan bentuk dari hutan kota yang telah diatur berdasarkan pada Perda Hutan Kota, yakni dapat dengan bentuk jelaur, mengelompok maupun menyebar.

scholarly journals Analisis Konsistensi Perencanaan dan Penganggaran Urusan Pendidikan di Kota Solok Tahun 2016-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Sridarnilawati Sridarnilawati ◽  
Suhairi Suhairi ◽  
Vima Tista Putriana
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
Regional Performance ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

The preparation of planning and budgeting documents greatly contributes to the achievement of regional performance. Consistency in planning and budgeting is an indicator in assessing the performance of local governments. The object of this research is educational affairs. Education affairs are given top priority for the local government of Kota Solok. It is intended that the budget for education affairs reaches more than 20% of the total regional expenditure budget. Types of data are secondary data and primary data. Secondary data are RPJMD, RKPD, KUA, PPAS and APBD and LAKIP while primary data is neglecting to interview members of the Regional Government Budget Team (TAPD), BAPPEDA and OPD who are responsible for Educational Affairs. Assessment of the consistency of planning and budgeting uses the Planning and Budgeting Consolidated Matrix (MKPP) and the causes of inconsistency are interviews with informants who understand and know this. The results of this research consistency of planning and budgeting for educational affairs is very good. The causes of inconsistency in planning and budgeting documents are that the proposed Special Allocation Fund (DAK) was not approved by the Central Government, the intervention of the Government and Members of the Council, the existence of regulations from the Central Government. Analysis of the achievement of the performance of education affairs in the City of Solok shows that in general the achievement of the indicators of education affairs has not been achieved because the achievement of indicators according to each year is.

scholarly journals Desentralisasi Fiskal, Tax Efiort dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomiz Studi Empirik Kabupaten/Kota di Indonesia 2001-2008

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
D. S. Priyarsono ◽  
Budi Asih ◽  
Neli Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Intergovernmental Transfers ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Regional Governments

Indonesia has implemented a new policy of regional autonomy and fiscal decentralization for almost ten years. One of the objectives of this fiscal decentralization is to give the full autonomy to local governments in spending and managing their revenues. The local governments have the authority to explore and collect their own-source revenue ('Pendapatan Asli Daerah', or PAD), i.e. through the improvement of their tax effort. The objectives of this study are: (i) to describe the fiscal performance of districts and municipalities in Indonesia, both in the revenue as well as the expenditure sides, (ii) to analyze the effects of intergovernmental transfers (’dana perimbangan', or balancing fund from the central to regional governments) on regional tax efforts, and (iii) to identify the regional economic growth elasticity of intergovernmental transfers and own-source revenue. This study employs a panel data set of 336 districts and municipalities covering the whole area of Indonesia over the time period of 2001-2008. The results show a relatively low contribution of PAD to regional revenues, indicating high fiscal dependency of regional governments on the central government. Intergovernmental transfers positively effect tax efforts. The result of the elasticity analysis also indicates a positive role of the transfers as stimuli to economic growth.

scholarly journals PERAN PPAT DALAM PENYERAHAN FASILITAS UMUM DAN FASILITAS SOSIAL OLEH PENGEMBANG PERUMAHAN KEPADA PEMERINTAH KOTA SEMARANG

Jurnal Akta ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Yunianto Wahyu Sadewa ◽  
Jawade Hafidz
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
City Government ◽  
Public Facility ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Transaction Process ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

Submission of location permit is required in the provision of social facilities and public facilities. Licensing is a unified process in the housing that is from the beginning to the management stage. The research that the author did in the city of Semarang, Central Java province. The research method applied in this research is the sociological juridical approach.The results of this study are: The role of PPAT has not been directly due to the formation of regulations from the central government and in the city of Semarang has not involved PPAT in the formation of Regional Regulations Semarang City. Factors affecting PPAT in the delivery of public facilities (fasum) and social facilities (fasos) to the Government of Semarang City, the pre-transaction stage where the developer must already have all the relevant licensing in the pre-transaction process until after / after the transaction developer must providing all social facilities and social facilities as promised during the first bidding process. Legal consequences with future PPAT role is expected to provide infrastructure and facilities from initial procurement to delivery based on the principles of openness, accountability, legal certainty, written warning. Suggestion from this research is for PPAT should the process of procurement and management of public facility (fasum) and social facility (fasos) is arranged pursuant to agreement of sale and purchase agreement (PPJB), for Government of Fasum and Fasos which have finished development process should be submitted from the developer to Government so that the responsibility for the management of public facilities and fasos is in the government, and for the National Land Agency (BPN), there must be a harmonious relationship between PPAT and the Land Office as an equal partner.Keywords: Role of PPAT, Submission of Social Facility, Semarang City Government

scholarly journals Handling COVID-19 from a Collaborative Governance Perspective in Pekanbaru City

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Raja Muhammad Amin ◽  
Rury Febrina ◽  
Baskoro Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Joint Decision ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
The City

Identical collaborative governance is used in government and must handle COVID-19 to create fast, precise, focused, integrated and synergistic steps between ministries/agencies, local governments, and other stakeholders. This research describes collaborative governance in efforts to deal with COVID-19 in Riau Province, especially Pekanbaru City, considering that the city recorded a relatively high initial increase in cases compared to other areas in Riau Province as well as the implementation of collaborative management. The research method is qualitative, with the type of research used is the exploratory type and literature study. This article analyses several aspects of collaborative governance, namely the initial role of the government, non-state actors, joint decision making, formal organizing, gaining consensus, and the existence of problems to collaborate both on public policies and services.

Public Choice and Financing Local Government Fiscal Reform in Albania

2018 ◽  
pp. 197-208
Author(s):  
Jane Beckett-Camarata
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Intergovernmental Transfers ◽  
Local Revenue ◽  
Public Investments

The Albanian government has been decentralizing decision making. Central to decentralization is a system of intergovernmental revenue transfers, especially unconditional transfers. This study examines in what ways market conditions and policy options affect the central government and local government relationship. It analyzes unconditional intergovernmental revenue transfers between the central government and local governments to better understand Albanian fiscal decentralization. While the unconditional intergovernmental transfers during the time of this study were found to be stable, the fragmentation of local government units and the evolving role of the regions, could complicate decentralization. The lack of a clear path to local government debt and borrowing, coupled with the system of intergovernmental transfers, has resulted in few viable policy options for balancing local government budgets. A more diversified local revenue structure, coupled with the ability to borrow on the open market, could allow larger and better growth-enhancing public investments without additional budgetary pressures.

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