scholarly journals Perkembangan Pembelajaran Sejarah Pasca Kemerdekaan-Reformasi

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-34
Author(s):  
Ulfah Nury Batubara ◽  
Aman Aman
Keyword(s):  
New Order ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Learning History ◽  
Curriculum Changes ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
History Of ◽  
Time Changes

Abstract: This article aims to examine the development of historical learning from post-independence Indonesia to the Reformation period. During that period, Indonesia has made 9 (nine) curriculum changes. Learning history at the beginning of independence was characterized by a spirit of nationalism, considering that this time, Indonesia still had to struggle to maintain its independence. Entering the Suharto government, historical learning directions and policies also changed along with political interests, namely strengthening the legitimacy of Suharto's power. Furthermore, the Reformation period marked by the end of Suharto's rule, the direction and purpose of historical learning also changed, namely preparing the younger generation to have human resources that are equal to other countries. Learning of the history of the reform era made many changes and reviewed various past events that did not exist in the history books of the New Order. The research method used is descriptive method, which describes the problem to obtain answers. The results of the study show that learning from time to time changes color following the color of government politics. This is because history learning has a very strategic role in supporting government programs.    Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perkembangan pembelajaran sejarah mulai dari pasca kemerdekaan Indonesia hingga masa Reformasi. Selama periode itu, Indonesia sudah melakukan perubahan kurikulum sebanyak 9 (sembilan) kali. Pembelajaran sejarah di awal kemerdekaan diwarnai dengan semangat nasionalisme, mengingat masa ini, Indonesia masih harus berjuang mempertahankan kemerdekaannya. Memasuki pemerintahan Soeharto, arah dan kebijakan pembelajaran sejarah juga berubah seiring dengan kepentingan politik, yakni memperkuat legitimasi kekuasaan Soeharto. Selanjutnya masa Reformasi yang ditandai dengan berakhirnya kekuasaan Soeharto, arah dan tujuan pembelajaran sejarah ikut berubah, yakni menyiapkan generasi muda untuk memiliki SDM yang sejajar dengan negara lain. Pembelajaran sejarah era reformasi banyak melakukan perubahan dan mengkaji berbagai peristiwa masa lalu  yang tidak ada pada buku-buku sejarah masa Orde Baru. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif, yaitu menggambarkan masalah untuk memperoleh jawaban. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran dari masa ke masa berubah warna mengikuti  warna politik pemerintah.  Hal ini disebabkan karena pembelajaran sejarah memiliki peran yang sangat strategis dalam mendukung program pemerintah.

Monisme Identitas Etnik dan Reliji di Mataram Lombok Nusa Tenggara Barat

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
Abdulloh Fuadi
Keyword(s):  
Identity Politics ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
New Order ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Religious Problems

This paper discusses the discourse about the complexity of ethnic and religious identity monism in Mataram Lombok West Nusa Tenggara; Sasak ethnic is Islam, while Balinese ethnic is Hindu. The question is then does religious conversion also include ethnic conversion? Methodologically, this paper is library research. Several notes related to this discourse are as follows: (1) Increasing conflict escalation occurs during the Reformation era. Identity politics emerge and strengthen. In several conflicts at Mataram, the ethnic and religious identity is thickening. (2) There is a complexity between democracy and diversity. Democracy demands unity, while multiculturalism emphasizes particularity. Balancing them is easy in theory but difficult in practice. (3) It must be distinguished between politics and politicization. In the case of Indonesia, ethnic and religious issues are often politicized by some people to achieve their own group goals. (4) Relying on ethnicity is a natural instinct in self-defense and affirming identity. This is not necessary to be troubled and blamed. (5) These problems are like a Pandora's box, a box full of diseases. It was the reform era that opened the box which had been closed or covered by the New Order. What happened in the Reformation Era is the emergence of various ethnic and religious problems which were not recognized during the New Order era.

scholarly journals REPRESENTATION OF THE NEW REGIME TRANSITION TOWARDS THE REFORMATION ERA IN THE TEMBOK PAK RAMBO SHORT STORY BY TAUFIK IKHRAM JAMIL: INTERTEXTUALITY STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Ayu Sukmawati
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Order Transition ◽  
New Order ◽  
Regime Transition ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Government

The transition era between the New Order Era to the Reformation Era in Indonesia in 1998 became one of the popular themes for Indonesian writers. One of the works entitled Tembok Pak Rambo inserted elements of historical facts that occurred in Indonesia. The representation of the obscurity of the new order in this short story cannot be read only with heuristic readings, therefore a theory is needed to explore more profound the significance of the story. This paper utilizes the intertextuality approach in dismantling the veiled meanings in the story. The results showed that the short story represents two Indonesian leaders in the era of the new order transition to the reform era. This representation appears when aligned with a book called The Long Way of Indonesia Towards Democracy written by B. J. Habibie. Moreover, the short story titled Tembok Pak Rambo is not just about the hegemony between the ruler to his subordinates, but how the Indonesian writers were trying to criticism on the government and the historical facts that happened in 1998.

scholarly journals Recognation Of Indigeneous Legal Community For Indigeneous Forest

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilla Pratiwi Puji Rahayu ◽  
Erika Puspitasari ◽  
Azwar Annas ◽  
Agus Pujianto
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Legal History ◽  
New Order ◽  
Normative Study ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Old Order ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Customary Land ◽  
The Right

This study aims to determined and described the legal history of forest management in Indonesia. For this study, regulation of the forest will be analyzed in each period of Indonesia legal history, namely the early days of independence, the old order regim, the new order regim, and the reformation era. Method use in this study is normative study, by using statute approach and historical approach. Result of this study can be describe that the legal history of forest arrangement in Indonesia was dynamics, comprises: the control of state toward the land including the customary land/customary forest based on the the right of state to control as stipulated in the 1945 Constitution, and the recognition of the indigineous legal community toward their customary forest.

scholarly journals Educational Social Movement of Indonesian Women from Pre-Independence to Reform Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Afifa Nabila Afdhalia ◽  
Siti Raudhatul Jannah
Keyword(s):  
Social Movement ◽  
Historical Thinking ◽  
Social Education ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Female Figures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qualitative Technique ◽  
Independence Era

This article attempts to examine the gradation of the social movement of Indonesian women's education from time to time, starting from the pre-independence era to the Reformation period. A long movement that does not exist in a vacuum arises from recognising women's status to men who have always held an imperial position. This article itself is conducted in a descriptive qualitative technique with a historical thinking approach. The authors found that the imperial position of women is caused by many factors, both religious views that place women lower than men and a gradation in the social movement of education throughout the history of the life of the Indonesian nation, from the pre-independence era to the reformation era. Even the thought of upholding women's rights as equal to men has existed since the pre-independence era, as can be seen from the fantastic Indonesian female figures, not only because of their thoughts and actions that predate their era but also because of their enormous concern. On efforts to emancipate women, such as those carried out by Dewi Sartika or RA. Kartini. This spirit has continued to develop from time to time to produce a social education movement driven by the two most prominent Islamic organisations in Indonesia, namely Muhammadiyah through its female organisation Aisyiyah and NU through the NU Muslimat movement produced many breakthroughs in the social education sector.

scholarly journals Mencari Makna Dalam Sejarah: Meninjau Kembali Historiografi Indonesiasentris Sebagai Sumber Belajar Sejarah

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Kurniawati Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Research Literature ◽  
The Political ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
History Writing ◽  
National History ◽  
History Teachers ◽  
Learning History ◽  
Design Learning ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
History Of

This article describes the historiography toward Indonesia after independence and its relevance to the teaching of history at the time.The Method used in writing this article is the research literature. Writing the history of Indonesia, which has a style Indonesiacentric is an issue that has always promoted in the historiography Indonesia. Since independence in 1945, a form of history writing seeks embodied Indonesiacentric.Therefore it seeks a National History Congress was held to formulate the form of historiography Indonesiasentric but Congress was not fully able to formulate clearly .Historiografi Indonesia finally caught up to the political interests that lead to the deconstruction of old regime history. History teacher thus becomes very important in answering the anxiety people especially students in learning history.Curriculum 2013 gives greater space to the history teachers to design learning history allows students not only rely on textbooks but explores a variety of sources and historiography are available.

scholarly journals Kebijakan Pertamina dalam Perdagangan Minyak Indonesia (1969–2015)

Populasi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Sukusen Soemarinda ◽  
Yeremias T. Keban ◽  
Muhadjir Darwin ◽  
Tumiran Tumiran
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
New Order ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second Period

Pertamina has a long history of oil trading and was influenced by the actors seizing for the power. The first oil shipments was held in 1958, while this research only discussesPertamina oil trading from 1969 to 2015 through a special subsidiary which was established to carry out the trading for almost fifty years since it was still named as Perta Group (1969) until Petral (2015). The purpose of this research is to know how Pertamina oil trading policy was specified and implemented over a period of time and parties affecting the process so rent- seeking and corruption happened throughout the history of Pertamina oil trading. The method of research a descriptive qualitative method of case study. The data was collected from various documents and interview of perpetrators related. Based on the research carried out, Pertamina oil trading from Perta Group (1969) until Petral (2015) could be classified into three periods, i.e. Perta Group period (1969-1978), POML period (1978-1998), and Petral (1998-2015). The first and second period occurred under the authority of the New Order government, while the third period under the reformation periodThe first period was characterized by the domination of military interests and the second period influenced by the interests of inner circle and family business related to the ruler of the New Order and the third period was dominated by the influence of powerfull person/company.

scholarly journals PERUBAHAN PARADIGMA PERAN POLITIK PEMUDA ISLAM INDONESIA DARI MASA KE MASA

Dialog ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-62
Author(s):  
IFA AVIANTY
Keyword(s):  
New Order ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
History Of

Young generations might be deemed as backbone of a state. They hold the ideology state to be implemented in actions. It was recorded in the history of Indonesia that young generations, particularly Islamic young generation have contributed to establish the foundations of state and pave the door to independence. They also mobilized the reformation to Soeharto’s new order regime that people could benefit the results of it. Recently, the spirit of Islamic young generations to contribute in politics apparently decreases significantly. They are in favor to be passive groups and even ignore to the dynamics of Indonesia politics. So, what are the causes of this? Is it because of materialism lifestyle? This article explains some causes of this inclination while comparing to the role of last young generation in some era of Indonesia history.   

scholarly journals PERATURAN KEBIJAKAN PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA PADA MASA ORDE LAMA, ORDE BARU, REFORMASI, DAN KABINET KERJA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-78
Author(s):  
Sarfika Datumula
Keyword(s):  
Education Policy ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
New Order ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Old Order ◽  
Reform Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competency Based

The education system as we know it today is the result of educational developments that have grown in the history of our nation's experience. There have been some writings discussing the regulations of education policy in Indonesia from time to time, but this paper examines the comparison of education policies from the Old Order era to the implementation of education policies to the work cabinet period. Through a literature review, this paper aims to describe how education policy regulations in Indonesia were during the Old Order, New Order, Reform, and Work Cabinet Periods. The results of this study reveal as has been explained in the discussion, that during the New Order era education only took place in terms of quantity without being matched by quality developments. In this period, it is to create as many educated graduates as possible without producing quality teaching and educational outcomes. The curricula used at this time were the 1968 curriculum, the 1975 curriculum, the 1984 curriculum, and the 1994 curriculum. However, education in the next period during the New Order period was not said to be fully successful, so in the next period of the reform period, improvements were needed, both in the field of curriculum. as well as in terms of the teaching staff. The curricula used in this reform era are the Competency-Based Curriculum (KBK) and the Education Unit Level Curriculum (KTSP), and K13.

scholarly journals Sejarah Perkembangan Politik Luar Negeri Indonesia Masa Pasca Reformasi

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Nasihatul Mila ◽  
Fatma Vida ◽  
Depict Pristine Adi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
New Order ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
At Home

ABSTRAKStudi ini mengkaji tentang sejarah perkembangan politik luar negeri Indonesia masa pasca reformasi. Politik luar negeri Indonesia merupakan setiap kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia yang diambil dalam menjalankan hubungan dengan dunia  internasional demi mencapai tujuan nasional. Sejarah dan perkembangan politik luar negeri di Indonesia mengalami perubahan yaitu dimulai sejak awal kemerdekaan, pada masa pemerintah Soekarno dan Moh Hatta, hingga pada masa sekarang yakni pemerintahan Jokowi. Perubahan politik luar negeri Indonesia dapat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi negara, kepemimpinan pada masa tersebut dan dinamika situasi internasional. Namun, disini penulis berfokus pada masa pasca reformasi, karena pada masa itu struktur dan strategi politik luar negeri Indonesia mulai berubah, terdapat restrukturisasi lembaga Kementerian Luar Negeri menjadi lebih terbuka dan transparan. Tulisan ini berupaya menjelaskan sejarah perkembangan politik luar negeri Indonesia pada masa pasca reformasi. Dengan tulisan ini diharapkan dapat mengetahui arah kebijakan politik luar negeri Indonesia pada masa setelah berakhirnya orde baru tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan, di mana penulis mengumpulkan informasi yang relevan dengan topik yang menjadi objek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan politik luar negeri Indonesia pada masa pasca reformasi masih menggunakan formula yang sama dengan pemerintahan-pemerintahan sebelumnya, namun dalam era ini demokrasi dipandang lebih ditegakkan dari pada sebelumnya. Pemerintah selalu berusaha membuat kebijakan-kebijakan yang harus disesuaikan dengan situasi di dalam maupun di luar negeri dengan tetap berpegang pada prinsip bebas-aktif tanpa meninggalkan aspirasi masyarakat. Dengan begitu, pemerintah telah memperjuangkan berbagai kepentingan nasional terhadap dunia Internasional dengan maksud mencapai tujuan nasional.Kata kunci: Masa Pasca Reformasi, Politik Luar Negeri  AbstractThis study examines the history of the development of Indonesia's foreign policy in the post-reform era. Indonesia's foreign policy is every policy of the Government of Indonesia taken in carrying out relations with the international world in order to achieve national goals. The history and development of foreign policy in Indonesia underwent a change that began from the beginning of independence, during the Soekarno and Moh Hatta governments, to the present, namely the Jokowi government. Changes in Indonesia's foreign policy can be influenced by state conditions, leadership at the time and the dynamics of the international situation. However, here the author focuses on the post-reform era, because at that time the structure and strategy of Indonesia's foreign policy began to change, there was a restructuring of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs institutions becoming more open and transparent. This paper seeks to explain the history of the development of Indonesia's foreign policy in the post-reform era. With this paper, it is expected to find out the direction of Indonesia's foreign policy in the period after the end of the new order. This study uses a literature study method, in which the author collects information relevant to the topic that is the object of research. The results showed that Indonesia's foreign policy in the post-reform era still used the same formula as previous governments, but in this era democracy was seen as being more enforced than before. The government is trying to make policies that must be adapted to the situation at home and abroad by sticking to the principle of free and active without leaving the aspirations of the people. That way, the government has championed various national interests towards the international world with the intention of achieving national goals.Keywords: Foreign Policy, Post-Reformation Period

scholarly journals EKONOMI ISLAM DAN POLITIK HUKUM DI INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 569-583
Author(s):  
Dudi Badruzaman
Keyword(s):  
New Order ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Systematic Effort ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
National Economic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Islamic Economic ◽  
Political Design ◽  
National Economic Policy

ABSTRACTThis research will describe the history of modern Islamic economic and political relations with the law in an effort to formulate various Islamic economic laws. This article also describes the position of the Islamic economy in the Indonesian legal system so that a description of how Islamic economy can be implemented in the Indonesian economy will be obtained. This study aims to find a basis for the development of Islamic economic law in two periods, the New Order and the Reformation Era. So that Islamic economic instruments can be used as an important part of the mainstream of national economic policy, there needs to be a systematic effort to create a sharia economic political design. This design must include three main domains, namely the realm of regulation and the rule of law, the realm of institutional strengthening and expansion, and the realm of internalizing sharia economic values in the life of the state and society.Keyword: Islamic Economics, Politics of Law, and Governance ABSTAKPenelitian ini akan menguraikan sejarah hubungan ekonomi dan politik Islam modern dengan hukum dalam upaya merumuskan berbagai UU ekonomi Islam. Artikel ini juga menggambarkan posisi ekonomi Islam dalam sistem hukum Indonesia sehingga akan diperoleh deskripsi bagaimana implementasi ekonomi Islam dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mencari dasar bagi pengembangan hukum ekonomi Islam yang ada di dua periode, Orde Baru dan Era Reformasi. Agar instrumen-instrumen ekonomi syariah dapat dijadikan sebagai bagian penting dari mainstream kebijakan ekonomi nasional, maka perlu ada upaya sistematis dalam menciptakan desain politik ekonomi syariah. Desain ini harus mencakup tiga ranah utama, yaitu ranah regulasi dan aturan hukum, ranah penguatan dan ekspansi kelembagaan, serta ranah internalisasi nilai ekonomi syariah dalam kehidupan negara dan masyarakat. Kata kunci: Ekonomi Islam, Politik Hukum, dan Tata Hukum 

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