Basics of Formation of National Economic Policy in the System of Subsurface Management

The main features of the development of the mineral resource complex of the Russian Federation in the field of development of deposits of a number of metals are summarized; management tools for the mineral resource complex of a number of metal-producing industries of the Russian Federation are grouped; target settings for ensuring the sustainable development of metal-producing industries are formulated; a system of cluster management of the mineral-raw complex of metal-producing industries of the Russian Federation is proposed

THE PLACE OF SANCTIONS IN THE MODERNIZATION OF NATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY

In the modern world political process, for a long period of time, the tendencies to increase destabilization and crisis phenomena have been increasing. They are manifested not only in the growth of crisis phenomena, the increasing unevenness of the progress movement of the different states, but also in the increasing use of economic sanctions against various countries of the world by the civilized. In the modern economy, for a long period of time, there have been increasing trends towards the growth of destabilization and crisis phenomena, which are manifested not only in the growth of crisis phenomena, the increasing unevenness of the socio-economic development of the countries of the world, but also in the increasing use of economic sanctions against various countries of the world. There is necessary for scientific understanding and theoretical justification of the principles and directions of the national economic policy to identify sanction areas for improving the country’s economic security. Comprehensive study of the current practice of countering western social punishment, the main directions of the country’s economic policy in the context of sanctions.

Sosialisasi Kebijakan StimulusPerekonomian Nasional kepada UMKM terdampak Covid-19 untuk Mengurangi Resiko Kredit Macet

The purpose of this research is to reduce the risk of bad credit, help MSME business actors, so that it is easy to access information and find problems related to decreased income and monitoring carried out by most MSME players during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method of implementing thematic KKN is done by using and creating social media. This social media facility is used to search for data, socialize, and provide counseling to MSME partners including making applications, Whatsapp groups, Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Youtube. The results showed that UMKM Partners understand the existence of a national economic policy stimulus for MSMEs affected by Covid-19 and some of them have received micro-business assistance from the government. The conclusion of this research is that there are still UMKM partners who do not respond to the economic stimulus provided by the government, MSME business actors affected by Covid-19, socialization of the economic stimulus policy and assistance to MSMEs with the Whatsapp group to exchange information to improve the business of MSMEs by take advantage of the national policy stimulus provided by the government for MSME business actors.

Macroeconomic Perspective on Urban Sprawl: A Multidimensional Approach in Poland

There are important relationships between the urban sprawl process and economic growth. They are usually expressed through spatial relations and changes taking place in the local, regional and national economy. The temporal and spatial dimension, including dispersed location, are the determinants of development and economic growth. Therefore, the urban sprawl phenomenon and the related location, hypothetically conditioning economic growth, should be subject to macroeconomic research. The article examines how urban sprawl affects the national budget and national economic growth. Unlike many studies where urban sprawl is studied by scattering the population around cities, we undertake more complex examination using buildings’ location. Urban sprawl, as we understand it, is a spontaneous spread of buildings around cities. To assess the spontaneity, we use a grid of squares with a side of 500 m. The squares are used to calculate the morphological indicators of urban sprawl. Therefore, quantified urban sprawl is one side of the equation; on the other side are macroeconomic variables. In this way, we examine the relationship between urban sprawl and the national budget and economic growth of Poland. The conclusions obtained are, e.g., urban sprawl does not have a negative effect on the national economy and the budget. This is a different conclusion from those thus far. There are also different conclusions on the regional level. Based on the research results, we formulate recommendations for national economic policy and spatial policy.

LATVIAN THEME PARK DEVELOPMENT IN KURZEME AND VIDZEME

The economy of Latvia is experiencing rapid development in the European Union and is an active participant of the United Nations and North Atlantic Treaty Organization. In recent years there have been several changes in both sectors and national economic policy. The total population in Latvia was estimated at 1.9 million inhabitants in 2019 and a total GDP per capita was 63% of the EU average, the lowest GDP per capita in purchasing power parity was recorded in Bulgaria - 46% of the EU average, Romania - 60% and Croatia - 62%. Lithuanian and Estonian GDP per capita in 2019 was accounted for 74% of the EU average. Latvia has more than 12 theme parks, but the amusement offer is small. Most of the theme parks are mostly located in Kurzeme and Vidzeme. Attraction Parks historically evolved near the big cities, where the infrastructure is highly developed. The aim is to increase the influx of tourists in regions where tourism products are amusement parks, thus developing more local businesses and the city's environment, increasing the demand for an active economic environment, but regional laws often hinder this development.

GEORGIA'S MACROECONOMIC CHALLENGES AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE WORLD PANDEMIC

The presented paper analyzes the economic situation in Georgia against the background of the world pandemic. The relevant statistical data on the high tax balance and dollarization ratio of Georgia are presented in detail. The article notes that Georgia did not have a good starting economic rate even before the Coronavirus pandemic, which creates a precondition for future problems. The paper focuses on the need for rapid economic reforms. The paper presents conclusions and recommendations on the measures to be taken by the government in the near future. If the recommendations presented by the central government in the near future do not take into account the pandemic in the country, the socio-economic situation will become even more complicated, which will pose a significant threat to political stability as a whole. An analysis of the economic situation in Georgia prior to the spread of the coronavirus clearly demonstrates the need for a rapid, time-bound, national economic policy. This reforms should be provide to get healthy the situation, which caused coronavirus pandemic and develop of the economy from 2021. Georgia has all the necessary resources (intellectual, natural, strategic location) to deal with the negative consequences of the global pandemic and to take effective steps compared to other countries to ensure the stabilization of the economy. Therefore, in order to improve the overall macroeconomic situation of the country, appropriate reforms should be carried out quickly. When carrying out reforms, it should be taking into account that an important impediment to improving the country's economic situation will be the fact that significant problems have accumulated in the modern global world in the following areas, such as: international rating companies, international financial institutions and international lobbying institutions. Despite the effective steps taken to solve the problem, the situation in this direction is entering in deeper crisis, and overall it is hindering the real improvement of the economic situation of countries (especially developing countries). it is necessary that The Government of Georgia take into account the significant problems existing in the above-mentioned international organizations when pursuing national economic policy. Although various international financial institutions, compared to other countries, make positive forecasts about the economic situation in Georgia, it still does not entitle us to calm down. It is well known that the governments and central banks of almost every country in the world have allocated colossal sums of money to alleviate the difficult economic situation caused by the coronavirus. Complicating the situation is the fact that it is still unknown whether there will be a second wave of virus outbreaks. In the world is an extraordinary and difficult to predict situation in this regard. International organizations, such as the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the Asian Bank, the World Trade Organization, etc., can not forecast the current situation and can not offer relevant recommendations to countries, while such recommendations are vital, especially developing countries. The situation is further complicated by the fact that the Nobel Prize winners in the field of economics do not make any predictions about the extraordinary situation and do not offer appropriate action plans to the governments of the countries of the world. Therefore it is still unknown in the near future what socio-economic problems will be in countries the light of this pandemic. Given the complex and unpredictable economic situation in the world, the Government of Georgia needs to prepare a short-term and long-term strategic development plan based on local resources (National Academy of Sciences, higher education institutions, national research institutions, etc.) Will facilitate handling. According to this strategic plan, Georgia should avoid the expected risks as much as possible.

Gypsies of the Urals in the National Economic Policy of the Soviet State of the 1920-1930s

The article is devoted to the analysis of the state policy on Ural Gypsies in the 1920-30s. Historiographical experience allows to undertake micro-level studies including examples of certain regions taking into account their specificity. The article observes the history of Ural Gypsies. Despite a great amount of works devoted to the history of Russian Gypsies the authors are sure that a differentiated approach to the study is the most appropriate taking into account the peculiarities of certain ethnic groups each of them having its own historical specificities. Available published sources and documents that are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time allow to undertake such studies inside one region on the example of two ethnic groups of Gypsies - Russian Roma and the Kalderash Gypsies. The authors have a hypothesis that the number of Ural Gypsies could be much bigger because in official documents they were named Russians or the citizens of certain European countries (Romanians, Bulgarians, Austrians, Serbs, and others). The article analyses the effectiveness of Ural authorities policies aimed at organizing Gypsy collective farms (kolkhoz), industrial artels as well as cultural policies on Gypsies. Despite several successful examples in the country in general Ural attempts of organizing Gypsy collective farms were not that successful though there were all the necessary conditions and regional authorities were making a lot of efforts to maintain those farms that were organized. The sources give information on the activities of Gypsy industrial artels which unlike collective farms were functioning well.

The Implications of the Revised EU Economic Governance Framework for National Economic Policy

This chapter looks at the effects of the crisis-induced legal and economic developments on the Member States, most notably in relation to their fiscal, economic, and social policy. It consists of three main parts. The first section of this chapter will analyse the substance and scope of the new EU economic rules. The second section of this chapter will look at the important changes that the EU legislation adopted during the crisis has brought about in EU economic surveillance. It will be argued that the new EU economic rules have redistributive effects in European societies and encroach on very sensitive areas of national policy, which underscores the need for a democratically legitimate EMU architecture. The third section of this chapter will look at the implementation of EU economic rules and assess the rigorousness of EU and independent national fiscal oversight. The principal default line is between lender states and borrower states. First, we will examine the bearing of the crisis-induced economic developments on Germany, as well as the EU economic guidance addressed to it in the context of the European Semester. Second, we will examine the bailout terms agreed with Greece in the context of the three rescue packages. It will be shown that these terms mandate far-reaching economic and social policy reforms, from which grave social repercussions have flown. In addition, it will be argued that there was very rigorous EU and independent national assessment of the progress Greece was making in relation to its economic adjustment programme.

NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA (FORMATION AND CURRENT STATE)

The National Innovation System (NIS) of the Republic of Korea is a successful experience in the implementation of national economic policy based on the implementation of advanced technologies in its own production. This approach makes it possible to successfully develop, along with the innovation sector, traditional industries, whose products meet the most intense competition in world markets. The article contains an overview of the formation and analysis of the current state of the NIS in South Korea.