scholarly journals Therapeutic Breathing Techniques and Disparity across Student Performance in English and Mathematics

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Abha Gupta ◽  
Shana Pribesh ◽  
Norou Diawara
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Low Achievers ◽  
High Achievers ◽  
Mathematics Scores ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Breathing Techniques ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The Impact

<p class="Abstract">This paper explores possible correlation between Therapeutic Breathing Techniques (TBT) and improved academic performance of low achieving students in elementary school. The intervention consisted of daily breathing exercises combining two forms of TBT, namely, deep breathing and alternate nostril breathing.  A semester-long quantitative study with85 second graders was conducted to investigate the impact of above intervention on English and mathematics scores. Following one semester of intervention, the gaps between the low and high achievers had narrowed and small but significant gain-scores were found for the low achievers who had practiced TBT.  In contrast, in first and third grades, where neither low achievers nor high achievers received the treatment, the gap between the low and high achievers widened slightly. The findings indicate the need to further investigate the potential merit of therapeutic breathing exercises as a low-cost intervention strategy for improving school performance and addressing achievement gaps, especially in mathematics.</p>

scholarly journals Australia: PISA Australia—Excellence and Equity?

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-47
Author(s):  
Sue Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
School Funding ◽  
Low Achievers ◽  
High Achievers ◽  
Funding Equity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Diverse Student Population

AbstractAustralia’s education system reflects its history of federalism. State and territory governments are responsible for administering education within their jurisdiction and across the sector comprising government (public), Catholic systemic and other independent schooling systems. They collaborate on education policy with the federal government. Over the past two decades the federal government has taken a greater role in funding across the education sector, and as a result of this involvement and the priorities of federal governments of the day, Australia now has one of the highest rates of non-government schooling in the OECD. Funding equity across the sectors has become a prominent issue. Concerns have been compounded by evidence of declining student performance since Australia’s initial participation in PISA in 2000, and the increasing gap between our high achievers and low achievers. This chapter explores Australia’s PISA 2018 results and what they reveal about the impact of socioeconomic level on student achievement. It also considers the role of school funding and the need to direct support to those schools that are attempting to educate the greater proportion of an increasingly diverse student population including students facing multiple layers of disadvantage.

Prospective Elementary Teachers' Intensity and Ambivalence of Beliefs about Mathematics and Mathematics Instruction

1972 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Patrick Collier
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Teachers ◽  
Mathematics Instruction ◽  
Low Achievers ◽  
High Achievers ◽  
Prospective Elementary Teachers ◽  
Beliefs About Mathematics ◽  
And Mathematics

A formal and an informal dimension of belief about mathematics and mathematics instruction were defined. Scales designed to measure these beliefs were administered to 264 prospective elementary teachers. Ambivalence was defined and ambivalence quotients reported. Students in later stages of their preparation had more informal views of mathematics and mathematics instruction, and their beliefs were less ambivalent than students beginning their programs. High achievers viewed mathematics as being less formal than did low achievers. Low achievers had a more ambivalent view of mathematics instruction than did high achievers. The results suggest that it is important to consider both intensity and ambivalence in investigating attitudes.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Rote Learning on High and Low Achievers in Graduate and Undergraduate Programs

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambreen Ahmed ◽  
Nawaz Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Low Achievers ◽  
High Achievers ◽  
Rote Learning ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
The Impact

<p>A survey was conducted to study the preferred learning strategies; that is, surface learning or deep learning of undergraduate and graduate male and female students and the impact of the preferred strategy on their academic performance. Both learning strategies help university students to get good scores in their examinations to meet the demands of industry in workforce. Quantitative research method was used to determine the impact of learning strategy on academic achievements. The R-SPQ2F questionnaire was sent to 103 students through Google forms and hard copies through snowball sampling technique. The results show that rote learning and academic performance are inversely related to each other. In high achievers, deep learning is significant as compared to low achievers. Furthermore, comparative analysis of learning styles<br />on males and females showed that both preferred deep learning strategy equally. Learning strategy is not related to education level of students because there is no difference among preferred learning strategies of graduate and undergraduate students.</p>

scholarly journals Fostering Achievement of Low-, Average-, and High-Achievers Students in Biology through Structured Cooperative Learning (STAD Method)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Yaduvanshi ◽  
Sunita Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Instructional Strategy ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Low Achievers ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
High Achievers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Impact

Cooperative learning is one among the most innovative and popular strategies of learning for present century students. It is theoretically grounded and extensively researched teaching-learning practice which is believed to foster the achievement of all types of students. Since cooperative learning is in the nascent stage in India and it is not much trendy method of teaching, the investigator carried out the present study. The present study is an experimental investigation that explores the impact of the structured cooperative learning strategy (STAD method) on the achievement of low-achievers, average-achievers, and high-achievers students in biology at the secondary level. The pretest and posttest experimental design was used, and control and experimental groups are equated on the basis of pretest scores. The sample consisted a total of 63 students of ninth class students from Varanasi city. Data were collected and analyzed with t-test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to test the hypotheses at 0.05 levels of significance with the use of the biology achievement test (BAT). The results revealed that students taught by the cooperative learning strategy perform better on the BAT at three levels of the cognitive domain of knowledge, understanding, and applying, than those taught using the conventional method of instruction. The study revealed that low-achievers, average-achievers, and high-achievers students of the experimental group outperform the control group. So, it can be concluded from this study that the STAD method of structured cooperative learning fosters the achievement of low-, average-, and high-achievers students in Indian context. It was therefore recommended that teachers should be encouraged to use the cooperative instructional strategy to teach biology and other subjects in secondary schools to facilitate learning of higher levels of cognitive domains to meet challenges of the twenty-first century.

scholarly journals Is It the Intervention or the Students? Using Linear Regression to Control for Student Characteristics in Undergraduate STEM Education Research

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roddy Theobald ◽  
Scott Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Student Characteristics ◽  
Instructional Intervention ◽  
Learning Gains ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Undergraduate Science ◽  
Introductory Biology Course ◽  
The Impact

Although researchers in undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education are currently using several methods to analyze learning gains from pre- and posttest data, the most commonly used approaches have significant shortcomings. Chief among these is the inability to distinguish whether differences in learning gains are due to the effect of an instructional intervention or to differences in student characteristics when students cannot be assigned to control and treatment groups at random. Using pre- and posttest scores from an introductory biology course, we illustrate how the methods currently in wide use can lead to erroneous conclusions, and how multiple linear regression offers an effective framework for distinguishing the impact of an instructional intervention from the impact of student characteristics on test score gains. In general, we recommend that researchers always use student-level regression models that control for possible differences in student ability and preparation to estimate the effect of any nonrandomized instructional intervention on student performance.

LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN STEM SUBJECT: COMMONALITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN LATVIA AND FINLAND A COMPARATIVE STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
Nihals Galpotthawela ◽  
Velta Lubkina
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Process Learning ◽  
Bachelors Degree ◽  
Student’S Performance ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mathematics And Science

Education is a never ending learning process. Learning achievement in STEM is the academic disciplines of science technology engineering and mathematics. This article reports a study on the impact of learning achievement in STEM subject in Latvia and Finland. This report bring collection of knowledge and information from other writers and OECD. Learning achievement is the result of an activity that has been done, created both individually and in groups- education. Active learning increases student performance in STEM subjects (Science, Technologies, Engineering, and Mathematics). The basic qualification for school teachers in Finland is the master´s degree and in Latvia the basic or minimum qualification for teaching needed to have at least bachelors’ degree and teaching certificate. Research evidence shows that performance in Latvia was slightly below the OECD average in STEM subjects. The impact of socio-economic factors as student’s performance must be taken into account with comparative studies both in Finland and Latvia, and how Latvia and Finlandachieve their expected goals?The theoretical study is trying to investigate the reasons of differences in learning achievement in Latvian and Finnish schools; also what influences learners success and achievement in mathematics and science. It is important from a pedagogical point of view to provide student with relevant practical and theoretical information and to promote their knowledge. 

scholarly journals The Impact of Organizational Health on Student Achievement in a High Needs District

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Roberto Zamora ◽  
Rosalinda Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Language Arts ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
English Language ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Organizational Health ◽  
Academic Readiness ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study establishes the relationship between organizational health and student achievement in English Language Arts and Mathematics in grades 3-11.  The purpose of this quantitative study was to assess the relationship between student achievement as measured by student performance in the State of Texas Assessment of Academic Readiness and organizational health.  The Spearman Rho correlation coefficient was computed to determine the strength of the relationships between student achievement and the ten dimensions of organizational health.  The findings indicated there was a positive relationship between student performance and the dimensions of organizational health with morale and goal focus exhibiting the greatest strengths.Key words:  organizational health, dimensions, accountability, school culture, organizational culture 

The Role of Test Anticipation in the Link Between Performance-Approach Goals and Academic Achievement

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Crouzevialle ◽  
Fabrizio Butera
Keyword(s):  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Study Strategies ◽  
High Achievers ◽  
Course Content ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Approach Goals ◽  
Goal Endorsement

Abstract. Performance-approach goals (i.e., the desire to outperform others) have been found to be positive predictors of test performance, but research has also revealed that they predict surface learning strategies. The present research investigates whether the high academic performance of students who strongly adopt performance-approach goals stems from test anticipation and preparation, which most educational settings render possible since examinations are often scheduled in advance. We set up a longitudinal design for an experiment conducted in high-school classrooms within the context of two science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines, namely, physics and chemistry. First, we measured performance-approach goals. Then we asked students to take a test that had either been announced a week in advance (enabling strategic preparation) or not. The expected interaction between performance-approach goal endorsement and test anticipation was moderated by the students’ initial level: The interaction appeared only among low achievers for whom the pursuit of performance-approach goals predicted greater performance – but only when the test had been scheduled. Conversely, high achievers appeared to have adopted a regular and steady process of course content learning whatever their normative goal endorsement. This suggests that normative strivings differentially influence the study strategies of low and high achievers.

Computer simulation study about the dependence of amorphous silicon photonic waveguides efficiency on the material quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 30502
Author(s):  
Alessandro Fantoni ◽  
João Costa ◽  
Paulo Lourenço ◽  
Manuela Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Sidewall Roughness ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Fabrication Defects ◽  
The Impact

Amorphous silicon PECVD photonic integrated devices are promising candidates for low cost sensing applications. This manuscript reports a simulation analysis about the impact on the overall efficiency caused by the lithography imperfections in the deposition process. The tolerance to the fabrication defects of a photonic sensor based on surface plasmonic resonance is analysed. The simulations are performed with FDTD and BPM algorithms. The device is a plasmonic interferometer composed by an a-Si:H waveguide covered by a thin gold layer. The sensing analysis is performed by equally splitting the input light into two arms, allowing the sensor to be calibrated by its reference arm. Two different 1 × 2 power splitter configurations are presented: a directional coupler and a multimode interference splitter. The waveguide sidewall roughness is considered as the major negative effect caused by deposition imperfections. The simulation results show that plasmonic effects can be excited in the interferometric waveguide structure, allowing a sensing device with enough sensitivity to support the functioning of a bio sensor for high throughput screening. In addition, the good tolerance to the waveguide wall roughness, points out the PECVD deposition technique as reliable method for the overall sensor system to be produced in a low-cost system. The large area deposition of photonics structures, allowed by the PECVD method, can be explored to design a multiplexed system for analysis of multiple biomarkers to further increase the tolerance to fabrication defects.

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