scholarly journals Principles of Quantitative Morphometric Assessment of Cholera Vaccines Safety

2011 ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
S. A. Bugorkova ◽  
T. V. Bugorkova ◽  
V. V. Kutyrev
Keyword(s):  
Functional Condition ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Or Efficiency ◽  
Adaptive Processes ◽  
Adaptation Condition ◽  
Morphometric Assessment ◽  
Cholera Vaccines

Worked out is the algorithm of cholera vaccines quality based on application of the methods of quantitative registration of formalized parameters which characterize pathologic and adaptive processes in the intestine of the immunized laboratory animals. The following parameters were selected as formalized ones: quantity of interepithelial lymphocytes, morpho-functional condition of apudocytes and scyphiform cells. Morphometric parameters are presented as associations of indicators in the form of indices and coefficients in order to carry out interrelated assessment of separate parts of homeostasis. It was determined that in case the assessed parameters were in the limits identified in corresponding controls, adaptation condition of the organism and alterations described in histological assay were considered as benign and characterized safety or efficiency of tested cholera vaccines.

scholarly journals The change of splenic morphometric parameters in aged laboratory animals exposed to ionizing radiation after undergoing stem cells transplantation

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 911-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Yu Grebnev ◽  
A P Yastrebov ◽  
I Yu Maklakova
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Stem Cells Transplantation ◽  
Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Red Pulp

Aim. To study the changes of splenic morphometric parameters in aged laboratory animals exposed to ionizing radiation in the dose of 4Gr after multipotent mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells transplantation. Methods. The experiments were conducted on 72 white male laboratory mice at the third year of life with the body weight of 50 g. Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells were obtained from 8 laboratory female mice with the body weight of 30 g aged 3-4 months, the gestation term was 14 days. The first group (36 animals exposed to radiation) was subdivided to 2 subgroups of 18 animals each. The suspension of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (6 000 000 cells/kg) and hematopoietic stem cells (330 000 cells/kg) was introduced as single intravenous injection to the experimental subgroup (18 animals) 1 hour after the animals were exposed to radiation. The animals of control subgroup (18 animals) were injected 0.2 ml of normal saline. The second group included two subgroups 18 mice each that underwent the same procedure without being exposed to radiation. 9 animals from each group were withdrawn from the study at 1st and 7th day each. The lymphoid follicle gross area, area of the T-cell and B-cell zones, general numbers of cells in the red pulp of spleen, including erythrocyte and lymphocyte count, were measured in splenic histologic specimens using the morphometric «BioVision 2008» software. Results. It was shown that on the 7th day after exposure to ionizing radiation followed by stem cells transplantation, the area of thymus-independent zone of lymphoid follicle restored back to normal ranges. The effect of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells transplantation also resulted in the increase of the number of cells in the red pulp of spleen. There were no significant changes observed in numbers of erythroid cells and white blood cells in the spleen red pulp compared to control subgroup. At the same time, the leukocyte number in the red pulp of spleen restored to normal values. Conclusion. The restoration of the basic morphometric parameters in spleen of aged laboratory animals exposed to ionizing radiation may be explained be increased homing of splenic colony-forming units with subsequent activation of extramedullary hematopoiesis in spleen, and apoptosis-reducing effect of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells.

THE EFFECT OF MULTIPOTENT MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS TRANSPLANTATION ON LIVER MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF MATURE AND OLD LABORATORY ANIMALS WITH TOXIC HEPATITIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
И. Ю. Маклакова ◽  
Д. Ю. Гребнев ◽  
В. Ч. Юсупова ◽  
Е. М. Петрунина
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Toxic Hepatitis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Intracellular Regeneration ◽  
Hepatocyte Nucleus

Цель - изучение влияния трансплантации мультипотентных мезенхимальных стромальных клеток (ММСК) на морфометрические показатели печени зрелых и старых лабораторных животных в условиях токсического гепатита. Материал и методы. Эксперименты выполнены на зрелых и старых мышах-самцах. Токсический гепатит вызывали путем внутрибрюшинного введения CClв дозе 50 мкг/кг. Трансплантация клеток осуществлялась в хвостовую вену через 1 ч после введения четыреххлористого углерода однократно. Исследовалось влияние ММСК на морфометрические показатели печени в физиологических условиях и условиях токсического гепатита на 1-, 3-, 7-е сутки после трансплантации клеток. Результаты. У зрелых лабораторных животных на 3-и сутки после введения ММСК на фоне токсического гепатита обнаружено увеличение митотической активности, повышение количества гепатоцитов, площади ядра гепатоцитов и ядерноцитоплазматического индекса. В то же время, у старых лабораторных животных выявлено лишь увеличение площади ядра гепатоцитов и ядерно-цитоплазматического индекса. На 7-е сутки после введения ММСК на фоне токсического гепатита в обеих возрастных группах выявлены активация митотической активности, повышение количества гепатоцитов, увеличение площади ядра гепатоцитов и ядерно-цитоплазматического индекса. Выводы. Изменение морфометрических показателей печени у зрелых и старых лабораторных животных реализуется через механизмы как клеточной, так и внутриклеточной регенерации. При этом у старых лабораторных животных на 3-и сутки после введения ММСК выявлена активация лишь внутриклеточной регенерации, в то время как у зрелых лабораторных животных имеет место повышение клеточной и внутриклеточной регенерации гепатоцитов. В более поздние сроки в обеих изучаемых возрастных группах изменение основных морфометрических показателей печени реализуется через активацию как клеточной, так и внутриклеточной регенерации. Objective - to study the influence of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSC) transplantation on morphometric parameters of the liver of mature and old laboratory animals with toxic hepatitis. Material and methods. The experiments were performed on mature and old male mice. Toxic hepatitis was caused by intraperitoneal administration of CCl4 at a dose of 50 μg/kg. The cells were transplanted via the tail vein 1 hour after administration of a single dose of carbon tetrachloride. The effect of MMSC on liver morphometric parameters in physiological conditions and after toxic hepatitis development was studied on days 1, 3, 7 after cell transplantation. Results. An increase in mitotic activity, an increase in the number of hepatocytes, hepatocyte nucleus area, and nuclear cytoplasmic index were found in mature laboratory animals with toxic hepatitis on the 3 day after the introduction of MMSC. At the same time, only an increase in the area of hepatocyte nucleus and nuclear cytoplasmic index was revealed in old laboratory animals. On the 7 day after the introduction of MMSC to the animals with toxic hepatitis, both age groups demonstrated activation of mitotic activity, an increase in the number of hepatocytes, an increase in the area of hepatocyte nucleus and nuclear cytoplasmic index. Conclusions. Changes in liver morphometric parameters in mature and old laboratory animals are realized through mechanisms of both cellular and intracellular regeneration. In addition, the activation of only intracellular regeneration was found in old laboratory animals on the 3rd day after the introduction of MMSC, while in mature laboratory animals there was an increase in cellular and intracellular regeneration of hepatocytes. In later periods in both studied age groups, the change in the main liver morphometric parameters is realized through the activation of both cellular and intracellular regeneration.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF SMALL INTESTINE STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS IN INTACT AND CONTROL RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
K.V. Shepitko
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Control ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Intact Rats

Chronic enteritis is manifested by the number of changes in the mucous membranes over three divisions of the small intestine. Morphologically this is presented by tissues atrophy and sclerosis, by changes in its architecture, and enterocyte adhesions. This results in the functional disorders including the lipid metabolism impairment, the suppression of the exocrinocyte functioning, and some others, but the size of exocrine glands along the length of the small intestine is still unchanged. The small intestine is an actively functioning organ. Its villi and folds expand the area of the mucous membrane in almost 500 times; while the area of the small intestine active surface, which can come into direct contact with various affecting factors, is 200-300 m2. Therefore, the small intestine is still requiring more detailed study. However, the reports on comparing data on the morphological features of the small intestinal wall in white rats of the Wistar line, which are the most commonly used in experiments, are far from being as multitudinous in the medical and experimental literature as it was expected. This study was aimed at identifying and comparing the peculiarities in the structure and morphofunctional parameters of small intestine in rats. The study of the morphofunctional status of structural components in the small intestine (duodenum, hollow, iliac) wall was performed on 60 sexually mature Wistar male rats weighing 140-190 g, which were kept under standard conditions of the vivarium, Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy. All the manipulations with animals were carried out in accordance with the “Rules for the Use of Laboratory Animals” (2006, Annex 4) and the mandates of the Declaration of Helsinki and the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. The animals were divided into 4 groups: Group I included intact rats (n=15); Group (control) II included rats, which had their outer thigh incised (n=15); Group (control) III included animals treated intraperitoneally with 1 ml of saline solution (n=15); Group (control) IV included animals, which were given injections of 1 ml of saline solution intraperitoneally and had their outer thigh incised (n=15). The studying the structure of the small intestine wall in rats has demonstrated this of control animals does not differ from that in the group I intact rats. A deeper analysis has been performed by using morphometric methods to find out statistically significant differences between the parameters studied. The statistical analysis has shown that the morphometric parameters (overall wall thickness, mucosal layer thickness, submucous layer thickness, muscular layer thickness, and serous layer sickness) of the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum,ilium) in the rats of control groups (II, III, IV respectively) during all study periods demonstrate no statistically significant difference. The difference reliability was insignificant at p> 0.05. Comparison of these indices with those in the intact group has pointed out that the difference reliability was also insignificant (p> 0.05). This fact will enable to carry out further comparing the studied morphometric parameters using the values presented by the intact rats only, without using data obtained in the control group of the rats.

scholarly journals Effect of succinic acid on the organism of mice and their intestinal microbiota against the background of excessive fat consumption

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
M. A. Lieshchova ◽  
M. V. Bilan ◽  
A. A. Bohomaz ◽  
N. M. Tishkina ◽  
V. V. Brygadyrenko
Keyword(s):  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Relative Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
High Fat

Succinic acid and its salts (succinates) positively affect the oxygenation of the internal environment, stabilize the structure and functional activity of mitochondria, and normalize the ion metabolism in the cell. Separate clinical studies and experimental surveys confirmed that having low toxicity succinic acid has well-manifested antioxidant, immunostimulating, adaptogenic properties. In this study, we determined the influence of succinic acid on the organism of laboratory animals against the backround of high-fat diet: the changes in body weight, indices of the mass of the internal organs, blood parameters and the changes in the intestinal microbiota were determined. For the experiment, we formed three experimental and three control groups of male white mice. The animals of the control group received 0.5% solution of succinic acid instead of water. In the experiment, we determined that succinic acid has no effect on the intensity of growth of weight of young mice against the background of excessive fat in their diet. Excessive consumption of fat by male mice leads to mainly disorders in the functioning of the liver, excretory and the immune systems. High-fat diet of mice is accompanied by impaired hepatic function, manifested in sharp hypoproteinemia due to globulins, increase in the activity of hepatic enzymes against the background of reduced activity of alkaline phosphatase, increase in the level of bilirubin, and decrease in glucose. Excess of fat in the diet leads to malfunctioning of the excretory system, manifested in the reduced index of kidneys’ weight, high content of creatinine and reduced level of urea in the blood. Addition of succinic acid has a positive effect on the functional condition of the liver and the kidneys, especially noticeable during long-term intake. High-fat diet causes disorders in the functioning of the organs of blood circulation and immune protection, accompanied by decrease in the relative mass of the thymus and spleen, low content of hemoglobin and the number of erythrocytes, but has no significant effect on the content of other cellular elements in the blood. By the middle of the experiment, succinic acid had exacerbated these processes compared to the control, but by the end of the experiment, by contrast, these processes were alleviated. Addition of the succinic acid to high-fat diet contributed to the change in the quantitative composition of the main representatives of the obligatory microbiota (Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. and typical Escherichia coli) in the laboratory animals. Such changes in the intestinal microbiota may lead to such consequences as reproduction of the facultative microflora, and, thus, development of various diseases.

Scientific substantiation of the influence of educational environment on adaptive processes in the body of adolescents

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
А. Voytovich
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Vegetative Nervous System ◽  
Adaptive Processes ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
Emotional Condition

Results of a study of the adaptive potential in adolescents in terms of the functional condition of cardiovascular system, vegetative nervous system and psycho-emotional condition are presented in the article. Dependence of changes in indicators of adaptation on the level of influence of environmental factors is revealed. Preventive measures to reduce negative impact of educational environment on the students' body have been developed.

scholarly journals Influence of combined transplantation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells and stellate liver cells on its morphofunctional state after partial hepatectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Maklakova ◽  
D. Yu. Grebnev ◽  
A. V. Osipenko
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Partial Hepatectomy ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Pathological Mitoses

The aim of the study was to study the changes in the morphofunctional state of the liver after the combined transplantation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal (MMSC) and stellate liver cells (ZCP) in animals with partial hepatectomy.Materials and methods. The MMSC culture was isolated from the placental chorion of 5 laboratory animals f female mice aged 3-4 months, weighing 22-23 g, gestation period of 18 days. The mononuclear fraction of the cells was obtained by sequential mechanical and enzymatic treatment of the placental tissue. The cultivation of MMSCs was carried out in a CO2 incubator at a temperature of 37 0C with a carbon dioxide content of 5% and a humidity of 90%. ZCP was isolated by collagenase-pronase perfusion of the liver, followed by cell separation in the histodense density gradient. MMSCs of the 3rd passage were introduced, and ZKP was introduced immediately after isolation. MMSCs at a dose of 4 million cells/kg and ZCP at a dose of 9 million cells/ kg were used for transplantation to labotory animals. The cells were injected 1 hour after partial hepatectomy. The biochemical parameters of peripheral blood and morphometric parameters of the liver were evaluated on the 3rd, 7th day after the administration of MMSC.Results. As a result of the study, it was found that the combined transplantation of MMSC and ZCP after partial hepatectomy leads to the restoration of the level of enzymes that characterize cytolysis and cholestasis, normalization of the protein-synthetic function of the liver, normalization morphometric parameters of the liver. A significant mechanism for restoring the morphofunctional state of the liver can be considered the influence of transplanted MMSCs and ZCP on the cell repair system, which leads to a decrease in the severity of programmed cell death of hepatocytes and the level of pathological mitoses.Discussion. Combined transplantation of MMSCs and HCP after partial hepatectomy leads to an increase in the level of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), thus contributing to an se in the mitotic activity of hepatocytes and the restoration of liver mass. The transplanted cells also, by increasing the activity of DNA repair enzymes of the PARP family, lead to a decrease in the level of pathological mitoses, inhibition of their programmed cell death.Conclusions. The conducted studies demonstrate the ability of combined MMSC and PCR transplantation to restore the morphofunctional state of the liver after partial hepatectomy and provide the basis for conducting pilot clinical studies

EFFECT OF COMBINED TRANSPLANTATION OF MULTIPOTENT MESENCHYMAL STROMAL AND HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS ON LIVER REGENERATION AFTER LIVER RESECTION IN OLD LABORATORY ANIMALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
I.Yu. Maklakova ◽  
◽  
V.V. Bazarniy ◽  
D.Yu. Grebnev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Liver Regeneration ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Laboratory Mice ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Cellular Regeneration

The aim of this study was to study the changes in the morphological and functional state of the liver of old laboratory animals after its resection against the background of combined transplantation of multipotentmesenchymal stromal and hematopoietic stem cells.Materials and methods. The studies were performed on old laboratory animals, male mice of the age of 16-17 months. Resection of 2/3 of the liver was performed in old laboratory mice according to the method of C. Mitchell and H. Willenbring. One hour after subtotal resection, a combined transplantation of two types of cells was performed: multipotentmesenchymal stromal cells (at a dose of 4 million cells / kg) and hematopoietic stem cells (at a dose of 330 thousand cells / kg). The experiments on obtaining the MMSC and HSC culture were performed from the placenta chorion of 10 laboratory female mice 3-4 months old, weighing 20-25 g, gestational age 18 days. Assessment of liver regeneration was carried out on days 1, 3, 7 after resection of the liver by analyzing morphometric parameters of the liver and biochemical parameters of peripheral blood.Results. Studies have shown the activation of protein synthesizing liver function in old animals, a decrease in the level of cytolysis enzymes, an increase in the activity of cellular regeneration (increase in the hepatocyte nucleus area, the number of binuclear cells) of liver regeneration after resection against the introduction of stem cells.

scholarly journals Study of Anthropomentric and Morphometric Parameters in the Training of Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Karatieieva ◽  
◽  
O. M. Slobodian ◽  
Yu. Yu. Moseychuk ◽  
O. D. Hauriak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Promising Area ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of the work was to study the patterns of development and formation of the structure of the skeletal, muscular, circulatory system under the influence of various physical activities in the dynamics, followed by the definition of correlations of the value of anthropometric and morphometric parameters in the training of athletes. Studying of the literature data, we can conclude that modern professional sports requires loads close to maximum, and sometimes even exceeding them, the establishment of these maximum permissible loads and the study of the patterns of their development is a very urgent task. The main problem in training athletes is adequate selection and sports affiliation. Solving the problems of selection involves the creation of a model of the athlete of this specialization, that is a certain set of characteristics that determine athletic performance. This requires anthropometric assessment, morphometric and biometric data to track physical and physiological parameters, information to assess performance and recovery in sports, modification of training regimes to prevent injuries, provide guidance on regulating the use of technologies used in professional sports, as well as to research and make recommendations for the proper collection, storage and exchange of health information. One of important problems of modern morphology is the study of changes that occur in the body under the influence of various factors. This problem has become especially important in connection with the development of sports. High sports performance, associated with a significant load on the athlete's body, encourages scientists, doctors, coaches to search for physiological reserves of the body and search for optimal training regimes. From this point of view, the study of changes that occur in individual organs, systems and in the body as a whole, under the influence of physical activity of varying intensity and nature is relevant and of great practical importance. Conclusion. Modern professional sports require loads that are close to the maximum, and sometimes are such or exceed them. It is the establishment of these maximum allowable loads and study the patterns of their development which is a very promising area. This will allow timely selection of athletes for a particular sport, to carry out preventive and curative measures to improve their structural and functional condition

scholarly journals Morphologic and Morphometric Parameters of the Liver Tissue of Laboratory Animals After Modeling of Chronic Stress

2018 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
A. N. Litvinenko ◽  
D. A. Zinovkin ◽  
T. S. Ugolnik
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Morphologic Changes

Objective: to study changes in the morphologic and morphometric parameters of the liver tissue in male Wistar rats under chronic Ortiz stress. Material and methods. The study was conducted on 50 male Vistor rats. The experimental group of the animals was subjected to 10-day chronic stress by Ortiz. The morphologic and morphometric parameters of the liver tissue of the animals exposed to chronic stress were studied. Results. The morphologic changes in the liver of the animals which had sustained chronic stress were characterized by impaired blood circulation and degenerative changes of hepatocytes. At the same time, a statistically significant increase in the percentage of binuclear hepatocytes (p = 0.046) and functional cariocellular index (p = 0.03) was found. Conclusion. The effect of chronic stress leads to a change in the morphologic and morphometric parameters of the liver tissue with activation of reparative processes.

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