scholarly journals Studi Kualitas Regeneran Phalaenopsis Hasil Kultur In Vitro dari Eksplan Tangkai Infloresen, Tunas Pucuk, dan Empulur (The Quality Study of Phalaenopsis Regenerants from In Vitro Propagation of Inflorescence, Shoot Tip, and Pith Explants)

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Dewi Pramanik ◽  
Herni Shintiavira ◽  
Budi Winarto
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Vitro Clonal Propagation

<p>Anggrek <em>Phalaenopsis</em> memiliki nilai komersial yang tinggi, karena keindahannya dapat dinikmati sepanjang tahun. Hal tersebut berdampak pada kebutuhan benih tanaman yang semakin meningkat. Salah satu cara penyediaan benih secara massal adalah melalui perbanyakan klonal secara in vitro sehingga perlu dilakukan studi kualitas regeneran hasil perbanyakan klonal untuk menjamin ketersediaan benih dengan kualitas baik. Penelitian bertujuan menguji kualitas regeneran yang dihasilkan dari perbanyakan klonal secara in vitro beberapa varietas Phalaenopsis dengan menggunakan eksplan yang berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan, Kebun Percobaan Segunung, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias (Balithi) sejak bulan Januari 2014 hingga Mei 2015. Penelitian menggunakan dua faktor, yaitu varietas (Ayu Lestari, Ayu Pratiwi, dan Karindra) dan jenis eksplan (tangkai infloresen, tunas pucuk, dan empulur). Percobaan disusun menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial dan setiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tidak terjadi interaksi yang nyata antara faktor jenis eksplan dan varietas yang diujikan pada semua tahap percobaan. Respon terbaik diperoleh pada eksplan empulur dengan 42,85% eksplan berhasil membentuk kalus pada minggu ke-8 dan hampir 100% kalus tersebut dapat beregenerasi menjadi tunas pada minggu ke-24 dengan tingkat multiplikasi tunas 1,87 kali. Pada minggu ke-32 terbentuk rata-rata 3,13 daun per planlet dengan 2,47 cm panjang daun, 1,36 cm lebar daun, 1,52 akar per planlet, dan panjang akar per planlet mencapai 1,26 cm. Kerapatan stomata memiliki korelasi negatif dengan tingkat abnormalitas planlet. Planlet dengan kerapatan stomata tertinggi dan abnormalitas yang rendah diperoleh pada var. Karindra dan planlet yang berasal dari eksplan empulur dan tunas pucuk. Setelah 8 minggu tahap aklimatisasi, tingkat keberhasilan hidup tertinggi (92%) diperoleh pada tunas yang berasal dari eksplan empulur. Penelitian membuktikan bahwa perbedaan varietas tidak memiliki pengaruh nyata pada tingkat abnormalitas regeneran dan dari eksplan empulur diperoleh jumlah regeneran tertinggi dengan kualitas baik (tingkat abnormalitas rendah).</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Kultur jaringan; Kualitas regeneran; <em>Phalaenopsis</em>; Jenis eksplant</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><em>Phalaenopsis</em> orchids have a high commercial value, because of its beauty and it can be enjoyed throughout the year. This condition gives the impact on the increasing demand of the seeds. One of the ways of providing mass seeds is through in vitro clonal propagation. However, it is necessary to study the quality of regenerants of clonal propagation products to ensure the availability of qualified seeds. The aimed of this study was to test the quality of regenerants obtained from in vitro clonal propagation of Phalaenopsis using inflorescence stalk, shoot tips, and pith explants. This research was conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory, Segunung Experimental Station, Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute (IOCRI) from January 2014 to May 2015. The study used two treatments, varieties (Ayu Lestari, Ayu Pratiwi, and Karindra) and type of explant (inflorescence stalk, shoot tips, and pith). Experiments were prepared using a randomized complete block design with two factors and each treatment was replicated three times. The results showed there were no significant interaction between types of explants and varieties tested in all experiment stages. The best response was obtained using pith explants with 42.85% callus formation in the week eighth and nearly 100% callus can regenerate into shoots at week 24th with the rate of shoot multiplication up to 1.87 times. At week 32th the cultures formed planlets with an average number of leaves of 3.13 and an average size of 2.47 cm x 1.36 cm (length x width) and an average number of roots of 1.52 with average length reached 1.26 cm. Stomatal density has negative correlation with plantlet abnormality rate. Plantlets with the highest stomatal density and low abnormality were obtained in var. Karindra and plantlet derived from explant pith and shoot buds. After 8 weeks of acclimatization stage, the highest survival rate (92%) was obtained on the shoot originating from pith explant. This study proved that varietal differences did not have a significant effect on regenerant abnormalities, and the highest number of regenerant with good quality (low abnormality rate) was obtained from pith explant.</p>

scholarly journals Induksi Tetraploid Tunas Pucuk Jeruk Siam Simadu (Citrus nobilis Lour) Menggunakan Kolkisin secara In Vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitri Yulianti ◽  
Agus Purwito ◽  
Ali Husni ◽  
Diny Dinarti
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Diploid Plant ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Stomatal Size

Seedless fruit is one of the criteria (necessary) to improve the quality of Simadu tangerine. The most effective method to obtain seedless triploid cultivars is hybridisation between tetraploid and diploid parents. Simadu tangerine is a diploid plant. Tetraploid Simadu tangerine can be obtained with doubling chromosome using colchicines.The aim of this research was to obtain tetraploid Simadu tangerine shoot which would serve as parent to produced seedless Simadu tangerine. Shoot-tips of Simadu tangerine without leaves were treated with colchicines at four different concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3%) for 3 hours. The results showed that the high concentration of 0.3% reduced survival rate. The colchicine treatments reduced growth of shoot-tip of Simadu Tangerine.The leaves of colchicines treated shoots were thicker than control. Leaves from control (0% colchicine) and 0.1% colchicine treated shoots had 8.67 and 18.25 chloroplast per pair of guard cells. Compared to those of control, leaves with 0.1% colchicine had lower stomatal density, and larger stomatal size. It appeared that 0.1% colchicine treatment resulted in tetraploid Simadu Tangerine Shoot.<br />Keywords:chloroplasts, doubling chromosomes, stomatal size, stomatal density

scholarly journals CALLUS INDUCTION OF CACAO CLONE SULAWESI 1 ON VARIOUS CONCENTRATIONS OF 2,4 -D AND COCONUT WATER VIA IN VITRO CULTURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Asmila Asmila ◽  
Zainuddin Basri ◽  
Ramal Yusuf ◽  
Hawalina Hawalina
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Plantation Crops ◽  
Central Sulawesi

Cacao is one of important plantation crops grouped in the Sterculiaceae family.  Sulawesi is the main area of cacao production and has a number of superior clones, such as Sulawesi 1 and Sulawesi 2.  Based on data in 2012/2014 cacao production to consumption reached 174,000 tons, while in 2013/2014 was projected a deficit of 115,000 tonnes. Nonetheless, cacao agribusiness in Indonesia is still facing complex problems, among others gardener productivity is still low due to borer attacks cacao, the quality of products and the number is still low and still not optimal development of cacao products and providing superior amount of cacao seedlings. The primary problem of cacao production recently is low productivity.  The main cause of low cacao productivity in Central Sulawesi is the use of inferior clones.  To enhance cacao productivity, it is crucial to use cacao clones having high genetic potential via tissue culture or micropropagation techniques.  The aim of this experiment was to assess the effect of different concentrations of 2,4-D and coconut water on the growth of cacao callus via in vitro culture.  This experiment used Completely Randomozed Block Design in factorial patteren with treatments tested namely 2,4-D and coconut water concentrations.  The concentrations of 2,4-D tested including 1 ppm, 2 ppm and 3 ppm, whilst coconut water concentrations tested consisting of 10%, 15% and 20%, and therefore there were 3 x 3 = 9 treatment combinations.  Each treatment utilized 4 replications; and each unit combination used 5 explants (staminodia).  Results of this experiment indicated that the addition of 3 ppm 2,4-D and 10% coconut water had a highly significant effect on the callus color 4 weeks after culture.  The addition of 3 ppm 2,4-D in culture media showed a significant effect on callus color 4 weeks after culture, but had an insignificant effect on the callus formation, callus color 8 weeks after culture an callus texture.  Supplementation of 20% coconut water had a significant effect on callus texture 8 weeks after culture, whilst the addition of 10% coconut water showed a significant effect on callus color 4 weeks after culture.

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield and Quality of Garlic cv. Yamuna Safed-3

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Priyanshu ◽  
M K Singh ◽  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Vipin Kumar ◽  
Sunil Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Horticultural Research

An experiment was conducted at Horticultural Research Centre, SVP University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (UP) during Rabi season of 2018-19 to assess the impact of different INM doses on yield and quality parameters of garlic. A total of ten treatments consisting of combinations of inorganic fertilizers, organic fertilizers and bio-fertilizers like T1- (Control), T2RDF (100:50:50 kg NPK ha-1), T3-RDF + 20 kg sulphur + FYM 20 ton ha-1, T4- RDF + 20 kg sulphur + VC 4 ton ha-1, T5- 75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + 5 ton FYM ha-1+ PSB 5 kg ha-1, T6-75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + 2 ton VC + Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1, T7- 75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM 3 ton + VC 1 ton+ PSB 5 kg + Azotobacter 5kg ha-1, T8- 50% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM 5 ton + VC2 ton + PSB 5 kg ha-1, T9- 50% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM5 ton + VC 2 ton+ Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1and T10- 50% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM 5 ton + VC2 ton + PSB 5 kg + Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1 were used in Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice. Out of these an application of T7 (75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM3 ton + VC 1 ton ha-1 + PSB 5 kg + Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1) was found to be significantly superior in term of yield and attributing parameters of garlic.

Rapid clonal propagation of rhubarb by in vitro culture of shoot-tips

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Roggemans ◽  
Marie-Christine Claes
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Shoot Tips

scholarly journals Nutritional value of sorghum silages

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽  
Daniel Ananias de Assis Pires ◽  
Renê Ferreira Costa ◽  
Daniella Cangussú Tolentino ◽  
João Paulo Sampaio Rigueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
High Participation ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes

 This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional characteristics and quality of silages of five sorghum genotypes, namely: Volumax, AG2005E, Qualimax, BRS610 and AG2501. The study was conducted at the Experimental Farm Unimontes, in the municipality of Janaúba, state of Minas Gerais. The treatments were distributed in a randomized block design with four replicates. Data were tested by analysis of variance andmeans were compared by Scott-Knott test at a significance level of 5%. The pH values ranged from 3.93 and 4.10. Genotypes differed in all studied nutritional characteristics (p < 0.05). For the acid detergent fiber, differences were detected between the genotypes, AG2501 (35.66%), Volumax (34.89%), AG2005E (34.53%), Qualimax (32.39%) and BRS610 (33.60%). The high participation of lignin was verifiedin all genotypes except for Volumax (4.14%). All silages were within the recommended range 50-65% for in vitro dry matter digestibility and classified as having good quality, however only the AG2005E genotype met nitrogen requirements for microbial fermentation, with 7.06% crude protein. 

scholarly journals Influence of vernalization and bulb size on the production of lily cut flowers and lily bulbs

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Brito de Almeida ◽  
José Geraldo Barbosa ◽  
José Antônio Saraiva Grossi ◽  
Fernando Luiz Finger ◽  
Joice Crescencio Heidemann
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Floral Buds ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Commercial Harvest ◽  
Physiological Phenomenon ◽  
Cold Chamber ◽  
The Impact

Exposure of bulbs to cold, a physiological phenomenon called vernalization, and bulb size are important factors in the production of lily bulbs and flowers. This study aimed to verify the influence of vernalization of bulbs on flowering cut lily plants, as well as the impact of size and shape of harvest on the production and quality of flowers and bulbs. In turn, the way the stems of the plants used for cut-flower production are cropped is of higher importance for the production of new flower bulbs. In this sense, the experiment was conducted in Viçosa, MG, in a greenhouse in a randomized block design, in split splot scheme with three replications, in which the vernalization periods (25, 35 and 45 days at 4 ± 1 C) constituted the plots; bulb sizes (diameters of 3.2-3.8 cm; 2.5-3.2 cm 1.9- and 2.5 cm), subplots and ways to harvest (full harvest of the stem at the required length for the commercial harvest of the flower, commercial stem harvest at the commercial length, maintaining 10cm of stem in the soil; removal of the floral buds as soon as their appearance is observed and harvest at the end of the season), the sub subplots. The bulbs were planted in beds, with 15 x 20 cm spacing. It was evaluated the number of plants that flowered and the number of flowers, the length and the diameter of the floral buds, fresh and dry weights, diameter and plant height as well as number, perimeter and amount of fresh and dry bulbs. There was a decrease in the plant height with the increase of the vernalization period and a reduction of the diameter of the planted bulbs, as well as of the number and the fresh and dry weights of the produced buds. The production of flowers and buds in number, size and weight was directly proportional to the size of the planted bulbs, while the form of harvest with removal of flower buds increased the number, the perimeter and the fresh and dry weights of the buds. Bulbs with diameter between 3.2 - 3.8 cm, stored for 25 days in cold chamber enable greater production of flowers and the highest stem height, factors that favor the increase in market value.

scholarly journals CLONAL PROPAGATION OF NEEM (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) VIA DIRECT AND INDIRECT IN VITRO REGENERATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laureen Michelle Houllou ◽  
Robson Antônio de Souza ◽  
Elizabete Cristina Pacheco dos Santos ◽  
José Jackson Pereira da Silva ◽  
Marta Ribeiro Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Regenerative Process ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Stem Base ◽  
Different Characteristics

ABSTRACTThe study was conducted with shoot tip explants of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) to identify a viable regenerative process. Shoot tips were obtained from neem embryos cultured alternatingly in DKW medium supplemented with BAP and medium without hormones. Initial shoot development was influenced by cotyledon presence. Basal callus, excised from in vitro stem base, also presented organogenic potential. In some cases, plant lines, obtained from each seed, presented different characteristics. The most common characteristic observed in vitro was callus formation at the stem base. However, the rarest characteristics were stem callus formation and leaf senescence. The regenerated shoot tips were further subculture and rooted on a medium supplemented with IBA so that complete plants could be obtained. The rooted plants were transplanted to a greenhouse and successfully acclimatized. No significant differences in in vivo development were observed between neem plants from callus and from shoot tip propagation.

scholarly journals Optimation of In vitro Lateral Shoots Multiplication of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) “Callina” with BAP and NAA

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Darda Efendi ◽  
Mirza R Putra
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Lateral Shoots ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Set Up

Papaya is a popular fruit and is grown commercially in many subtropical and tropical countries. Papayas are generally grown from seeds; therefore the offsprings are not true-to-type and could come in three sexes, female, male, and hermaphrodite. Clonal propagation is required to obtain to grow true-to-type hermaphrodite papayas. In this research, we developed an in vitro protocol for shoot multiplication from lateral shoots from in vitro germinated papaya seedlings. The in vitro propagated plant materials could potentially be used as a source of papaya micro cuttings, or as scion for papaya grafting. The experiment was set up as a factorial experiment with NAA at 0, 0.1 and 0.5 mg.L-1, and BAP at 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg.L-1 in a completely randomized block design. BAP interacted with NAA in affecting the shoot production per explant. The optimum BAP and NAA concentration to produce lateral shoots was 0.54 mg. L-1 and 0.1 mg.L-1, respectively. Media without NAA reduced the number of lateral shoots and number of leaf per explant at any BAP concentration.Keywords: hermaphrodite, seeds, true to type, clonal propagation, micro cuttings.

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