scholarly journals Optimation of In vitro Lateral Shoots Multiplication of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) “Callina” with BAP and NAA

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Darda Efendi ◽  
Mirza R Putra
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Lateral Shoots ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Set Up

Papaya is a popular fruit and is grown commercially in many subtropical and tropical countries. Papayas are generally grown from seeds; therefore the offsprings are not true-to-type and could come in three sexes, female, male, and hermaphrodite. Clonal propagation is required to obtain to grow true-to-type hermaphrodite papayas. In this research, we developed an in vitro protocol for shoot multiplication from lateral shoots from in vitro germinated papaya seedlings. The in vitro propagated plant materials could potentially be used as a source of papaya micro cuttings, or as scion for papaya grafting. The experiment was set up as a factorial experiment with NAA at 0, 0.1 and 0.5 mg.L-1, and BAP at 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg.L-1 in a completely randomized block design. BAP interacted with NAA in affecting the shoot production per explant. The optimum BAP and NAA concentration to produce lateral shoots was 0.54 mg. L-1 and 0.1 mg.L-1, respectively. Media without NAA reduced the number of lateral shoots and number of leaf per explant at any BAP concentration.Keywords: hermaphrodite, seeds, true to type, clonal propagation, micro cuttings.

scholarly journals RESPON TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) HASIL RIMPANG KULTUR JARINGAN GENERASI KEDUA TERHADAP PEMUPUKAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
ENDANG HADIPOENTYANTI ◽  
SITTI FATIMAH SYAHID
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Stable Manure ◽  
Curcuma Xanthorrhiza

ABSTRAK<br />Penelitian mengenai respon temulawak hasil rimpang kultur<br />jaringan generasi kedua terhadap pemupukan telah dilaksanakan di lahan<br />petani Sumur Wangi, Kecamatan Tanah Sareal, Bogor dari bulan Oktober<br />2002 sampai bulan September 2003. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan<br />sebagai benih adalah rimpang induk temulawak hasil kultur jaringan<br />generasi kedua. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah : (1) tanpa pupuk (kontrol),<br />(2) pupuk kandang kambing 1 kg/tanaman, (3) pupuk kandang kambing 2<br />kg/tanaman, (4) pupuk kandang kambing 1 kg/tanaman + pupuk buatan<br />yaitu urea 2 g/tanaman, SP-36 1,8 g/tanaman dan KCL 2,7 g/tanaman dan,<br />(5) pupuk kandang kambing 2 kg/tanaman + pupuk buatan urea 2<br />g/tanaman, SP-36 1,8 g/tanaman dan KCL 2,7 g/tanaman. Rancangan yang<br />digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Setiap<br />ulangan terdiri atas sepuluh tanaman. Jarak tanam yang digunakan adalah<br />60 cm x 60 cm. Parameter yang diamati adalah persentase tumbuh, jumlah<br />anakan, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang dan lebar daun serta lingkar<br />batang pada umur empat bulan, bobot rimpang per tanaman, panjang, lebar<br />dan diameter rimpang, jumlah rimpang induk serta analisa mutu yang<br />meliputi kadar air, kadar minyak atsiri dan kurkumin pada umur<br />sembilan bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah anakan,<br />tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan panjang daun tidak dipengaruhi oleh<br />aplikasi pemupukan. Respon tanaman terhadap aplikasi pemupukan<br />berpengaruh terhadap parameter lebar daun dan lingkar batang.<br />Selanjutnya pemupukan berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat rimpang,<br />panjang rimpang, lebar rimpang serta jumlah rimpang induk namun<br />tidak berpengaruh terhadap diameter rimpang. Kandungan kurkumin<br />paling tinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan tanpa pemupukan.<br />Kata kunci : Temulawak,  Curcuma  xanthorrhiza,  kultur  jaringan,<br />pemupukan, pertumbuhan, produksi, mutu, Jawa Barat<br />ABSTRACT<br />Response of Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.)<br />derived from rhizome in vitro of the second generation to<br />fertilizer aplication<br />The experiment was conducted to study the response of temulawak<br />derived from rhizome in vitro of the second generation to fertilizer<br />application. It was carried out in a farmer field at Sumur Wangi, Bogor<br />from October 2002 to September 2003. Plant materials used were obtained<br />from in vitro rhizome of the second generation. Treatments tested were<br />five level of manure fertilizer and artificial fertilizer : (1) without fertilizer<br />(control), (2) stable manure 1 kg/plant, (3) stable manure 2 kg/plant, (4)<br />stable manure 1 kg/plant + artificial fertilizer i.e urea 2 g/plant, SP-36 1.8<br />g/plant and KCL 2.7 g/plant and (5) stable manure 2 kg/plant + artificial<br />fertilizer i.e urea 2 g/plant, SP-36 1.8 g/plant and KCL 2.7 g/plant. The<br />experiment was designed using a randomized block design with three<br />replications, ten plants per replication. Plant spacing was 60 cm x 60 cm.<br />The parameters observed were growth percentage, number of tillers, plant<br />height, number of leaves, length and width of leaves, stem coil at four<br />months of age, rhizome weight, length and width, rhizome diameter and<br />number of main rhizomes. In addition, quality analysis was also conducted<br />on water, essential, oil and curcumin content, nine months of age. Result<br />showed that fertilizer treatment did not significantly increase the number<br />of tillers, plant height, leaf number, rhizome length and diameter compared<br />with without fertilizer, but it significantly increased the leaf width, stem<br />coil, rhizome weight, length and width and also the number of main<br />rhizomes. The highest curcumin content was achieved by those without<br />fertilizer treatment.<br />Key words : Temulawak, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, tissue culture, fertilizer<br />application, growth, yield, quality, West Java

scholarly journals PSXIV-21 Effect of high-tannin sorghum grain on rumen fermentation and methane production in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 432-432
Author(s):  
Adolfo Raramuri Méndez-Sánchez ◽  
Karen A Beauchemin ◽  
Luis Corona ◽  
Claudia Cecilia Márquez-Mota ◽  
Atmir Romero-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Ch4 Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Quadratic Effects ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Sorghum Grain

Abstract Tannins are natural compounds with potential to reduce enteric methane (CH4) emissions in ruminants. High-tannin sorghum (HTS) varieties are cultivated in different regions of the world, including Mexico. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of HTS on rumen fermentation and CH4 production using a batch culture system. The experiment was set up as a completely randomized block design using a 3 × 5 factorial arrangement with 3 grains [HTS, low-tannin sorghum (LTS), and corn, with 19.6, 0.07 and 0 g of condensed tannins (CT)/kg dry matter (DM) respectively] and 5 grain to forage (alfalfa hay) proportions (20:80, 40:60, 60:40, 80:20 and 100:0). Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Contrasts were used to determine linear and quadratic effects of grain:forage proportions. A decrease of 2.96% in CH4 concentration was observed for sorghum treatments compared to corn (P &lt; 0.01). However, HTS and LTS were not different from each other (P = 0.76). Furthermore, CH4 production (mL/d) decreased (P &lt; 0.01) by 19.13 and 8.53% with HTS compared with corn and LTS respectively. This reduction was associated with a decrease (P &lt; 0.01) of 14.52 and 10.04% in total gas production with HTS as compared to corn and LTS. Both, CH4 and gas production decrease, were associated with reduced DM digestibility for HTS, which can be a negative effect of CT in HTS. Sorghum treatments produced 14.56% less CH4 (mL/g DM; P &lt; 0.01) than corn. This was partially explained by a 7.98% decrease in DMD with sorghum treatments. As expected, gas production linearly increased and rumen pH linearly decreased with increasing levels of grain (P &lt; 0.01). In conclusion, HTS had no advantage over LTS in terms of CH4 production. Nonetheless, sorghum grain, substituted for corn, can be an option to decrease CH4 production in ruminants, but digestibility might be compromised.

scholarly journals Influence of Cytokinins in Combination with GA3on Shoot Multiplication and Elongation of Tea Clone Iran 100 (Camellia sinensis(L.) O. Kuntze)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Azadi Gonbad ◽  
Uma Rani Sinniah ◽  
Maheran Abdul Aziz ◽  
Rosfarizan Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Solid Media

The use ofin vitroculture has been accepted as an efficient technique for clonal propagation of many woody plants. In the present research, we report the results of a number of experiments aimed at optimizing micropropagation protocol for tea (Camellia sinensis(L.) O. Kuntze) (clone Iran 100) using nodal segments as the explant. The effect of different combinations and concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGR) (BAP, TDZ, GA3) on shoot multiplication and elongation was assessed. The influence of exposure to IBA in liquid form prior to transfer to solid media on rooting of tea microshoots was investigated. The results of this study showed that the best treatment for nodal segment multiplication in terms of the number of shoot per explant and shoot elongation was obtained using 3 mg/L BAP in combination with 0.5 mg/L GA3. TDZ was found to be inappropriate for multiplication of tea clone Iran 100 as it resulted in hyperhydricity especially at concentrations higher than 0.05 mg/L. Healthy shoots treated with 300 mg/L IBA for 30 min followed by transfer to 1/2 strength MS medium devoid of PGR resulted in 72.3% of shoots producing roots and upon transferring them to acclimatization chamber 65% survival was obtained prior to field transfer.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of sorghum silages

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽  
Daniel Ananias de Assis Pires ◽  
Renê Ferreira Costa ◽  
Daniella Cangussú Tolentino ◽  
João Paulo Sampaio Rigueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
High Participation ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes

 This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional characteristics and quality of silages of five sorghum genotypes, namely: Volumax, AG2005E, Qualimax, BRS610 and AG2501. The study was conducted at the Experimental Farm Unimontes, in the municipality of Janaúba, state of Minas Gerais. The treatments were distributed in a randomized block design with four replicates. Data were tested by analysis of variance andmeans were compared by Scott-Knott test at a significance level of 5%. The pH values ranged from 3.93 and 4.10. Genotypes differed in all studied nutritional characteristics (p < 0.05). For the acid detergent fiber, differences were detected between the genotypes, AG2501 (35.66%), Volumax (34.89%), AG2005E (34.53%), Qualimax (32.39%) and BRS610 (33.60%). The high participation of lignin was verifiedin all genotypes except for Volumax (4.14%). All silages were within the recommended range 50-65% for in vitro dry matter digestibility and classified as having good quality, however only the AG2005E genotype met nitrogen requirements for microbial fermentation, with 7.06% crude protein. 

scholarly journals Agronomic performances of Pak Choi grown with different soil cover

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia M Echer ◽  
Graciela M Dalastra ◽  
Tiago L Hachmann ◽  
Elcio S Klosowski ◽  
Vandeir F Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Set Up

An important aspect in the cultivation of vegetables is the quality of the product to be marketed, free from dirt and damage and the practice of mulching could be an option, but there is scarse information. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of mulching on the production traits of three cultivars of Pak Choi. The experiment was set up during March to May 2013 using a split plot randomized block design, with four replications. Soil cover treatments (white agrotextile, black agrotextile, black plastic, silver plastic, tifton straw and bare soil) were arranged in the plots, and three cultivars of Pak Choi (Green Pak Choi, White Pak Choi and Chingensai Natsu Shomi) in subplots. Height and diameter of shoots, number of leaves, fresh weight of the head and petiole, base diameter, dry weight of stem, petiole, and leaf were evaluated thirty-five days after transplantation. The total dry weight and leaf area were measured, and then we estimated the yield. There was a significant effect of soil cover and cultivar. In general, the cover with synthetic materials showed higher values on production of Pak Choi. The cultivar White Pak Choi was better adapted to the growing conditions, with an average yield of 57.78 t/ha.

scholarly journals Uji Efektivitas Rizobakteria Dalam Menghambat Perkembangan Penyakit Hawar Pelepah Daun (Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn.) Pada Padi Secara In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Hanisa Desy Ariani ◽  
Noor Aidawati ◽  
Dewi Arika Adriani
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Sheath Blight Disease ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Blight Disease

One of the causes of the declining productivity of rice is sheath blight disease caused by the mold Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. Control of sheath blight disease that is often done by the farmers is by using chemical pesticides (fungicides), which caused environmental problems. One way to reduce the use of pesticides is to biological control by using antagonist bacteria. This study aimed at in vitro test of rhizobacteria in preventing the development of sheath blight disease in rice plants. This research was conducted in the Phytopathology laboratory of Plant Protection Department of Faculty Agriculture, University of Lambung Mangkurat Banjarbaru from March to May 2018. The experiment used a randomized block design with three groups consisting of eight types of rhizobacteria isolates: (r1) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Barito Kuala), (r2) Bacillus megaterium (Hulu Sungai Tengah), (r3) Azotobacter sp. (Barito Kuala), (r4) Pseudomonas sp. (Hulu Sungai Selatan), (r5) Flavobacterium sp. (Tanah Laut), (r6) Bacillus bodius (Barito Kuala), (r7) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Hulu Sungai Selatan), (r8) Necercia sp. (Tanah Laut). The results showed that all rhizobacteria have the ability to inhibit the development of R. solani with different percentages of inhibitions. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Barito Kuala) was the most effective rhizobacteria in inhibiting the development of R. solani.

scholarly journals The Influence of Various Varieties and Various Liquid Organic Fertilizer to Papaya Plant Seed Growth (Carica papaya L.)

AGRIFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Primadiyanti Arsela
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Seed Growth ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
All Treatment

The main goal of the study was to determine the effect of various  Papaya varieties and liquid organic fertilizer on the growth of Papaya seedlings(Carica papaya L.). The research used Randomized Block Design (RAK) with two factors factorial experimental. The first factor is Variety (V) consists of 3 Papaya varieties: v1= bangkok , v2= red lady , v3= sunrise. The second factor is Fertilizer (C) consists of 3 brands: c1= Em4 10 ml, c2= Green Tonic 10ml, c3= Nasa 10ml. This study has 3 treatment levels consisting of 9 combinations and  repeated 3 times. The results of the study are treatment of various varieties (V) had significant effect on stem diameter and root number. The effect of various liquid organic fertilizer (C) had significant effect on the root length parameters. The interaction all treatment had a very significant effect on the root length and the root number parameter. 

scholarly journals The Effect of Processing and Cooling Methods on Coleus tuberosus in vitro Starch Digestibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Jhauharotul Muchlisyiyah ◽  
Tri Dewanti Widyaningsih ◽  
Retno Wulansari ◽  
Hera Sisca Prasmita
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Block Design ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Cooling Methods ◽  
Total Starch

Coleus tuberosus, also known as black potato, is one of the Indonesian local tubers consumed as a carbohydrate substituent. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of processing and cooling methods on the in vitro digestibility of black potato starch. Furthermore, two factors Randomized Block Design with a 2x3 experimental design was used, which consisted of processing methods (boiling, roasting, and microwave) and cooling at room temperature and 4 °C for 24 hours with 3 repetitions. Black potato flour was compared with the raw form, by assessing some parameters, namely Resistant Starch (RS), Slowly Digestible Starch (SDS), Rapidly Digestible Starch (RDS), and Glycemic Index (GI). Also, the analysis of total starch, moisture, and color was performed, hence raw black potatoes generally have 10% resistant starch (%wb). Different treatments of cooking and cooling had a significant effect (α = 0.05) on moisture content, total starch, RS, RDS, SDS, GI, brightness (L), and yellowness (b). Black potatoes subjected to the processing method followed by cooling had lower RDS and increased RS content. Furthermore, refrigeration at 4°C for 24 hours reduced the digestibility of black potato starch more than cooling at room temperature. Contrarily, microwaved black potato cooled at room temperature showed a higher digestion rate compared to the raw counterpart. Conclusively, processing followed by cooling reduces the GI and increases the RS content of Coleus tuberosus.

scholarly journals Organic fertilization to attenuate water salinity effect on papaya growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Mônica S. da S. Sousa ◽  
Vera L. A. de Lima ◽  
Marcos E. B. Brito ◽  
Luderlândio de A. Silva ◽  
Rômulo C. L. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Management Alternatives

ABSTRACT The salinity of water and soil reduces the growth and production of crops, especially the fruit trees, such as papaya. Thus, it is necessary to obtain management alternatives for cultivation under these conditions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and phytomass of papaya cultivated under irrigation with saline water and organic fertilization. An experiment was set up using a randomized block design, with the treatments distributed in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, consisting of five levels of salinity of irrigation water (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1) and two levels of organic fertilization (10 and 20 L of bovine manure per plant), with three replications, totaling thirty experimental plots. Growth variables of papaya were evaluated. Papaya plants were negatively affected by irrigation water salinity, with a greater effect on the number of leaves and on dry phytomass of leaves, with no effect of bovine manure levels.

OCDs in Randomized Block Design Set-Up

2015 ◽  
pp. 27-39
Author(s):  
Premadhis Das ◽  
Ganesh Dutta ◽  
Nripes Kumar Mandal ◽  
Bikas Kumar Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Set Up
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