scholarly journals Disruptive Technologies in the Agri-food Sector: A Knowledge Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joelena Leader ◽  
Ben Shantz
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Comparative Case Studies ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
And Robotics ◽  
Initial Research

The agri-food sector in Canada is entering an “age of disruption” where the rapid expansion of technology, like IoT, genetic advancements, and robotics, has potential to fundamentally reshape the futureof work and the development of rural communities across Canada. This presentation reports on the firstphase of a multi- phased project that assesses the impacts of disruptive technologies in the agri-food sector, including the scope of technologies that could disrupt traditional production practices and the future of work. An overview of the project and the findings from our initial research and knowledgesynthesis is presented along with the planned future phases and next steps. Using technology assessment,key informant interviews and comparative case studies, this research aims to identify disruptive technologies and companies, assess their social and spatial implications, and explore how regional stakeholders are responding to these impacts. This research aims to assist local and provincial policymakers in designing and assessing new policies and programs to respond to the impacts of disruptive technologies in the agri-food sector.

scholarly journals Equitable Access of Naloxone Programs in Durham Region, Ontario, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Martignetti ◽  
W Sun
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Equitable Access ◽  
Descriptive Phenomenology ◽  
Environmental Scan ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Timely Access ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Key Informant Interview

Abstract Background In 2019 there were over 1500 opioid-related deaths in the province of Ontario, Canada. While the opioid crisis is affecting many socioeconomic groups and communities across Canada not all are being affected equally despite the presence of naloxone distribution programs in Ontario. This qualitative exploratory study seeks to understand facilitators and barriers that influence equitable access of naloxone programs in Durham Region, Ontario, Canada. Methods An environmental scan will be conducted to examine the availability and distribution of naloxone across community pharmacies and organizations in Durham Region. A qualitative descriptive phenomenology will be the methodological approach where key informant interviews will explore experiences of users and providers of naloxone programs. Key informants will include service providers and clients of both Ontario Naloxone Program and Ontario Naloxone Program for Pharmacies in Durham Region. The harm reduction framework will be used to guide data analysis where thematic analysis will be conducted to generate overarching themes about the phenomenon. Results The environmental scan will result in the creation of a map outlining availability and distribution of naloxone programs to examine possible gaps that exist in Durham Region. It is expected that key informant interview findings will help understand where inequity exists in accessing Ontario's naloxone programs in Durham Region by highlighting its barriers and facilitators. Conclusions Findings generated will be used for larger scale studies in the future examining equitable access of naloxone distribution programs in Canada. This study will have implications to provide recommendations to policymakers for developing new policies to facilitate timely access of naloxone to mitigate risk of opioid-related harms. Key messages This research will help to better understand the inequities that exist in Ontario's naloxone distribution programs. This research will help to inform recommendations to improve policies surrounding Ontario's naloxone distribution programs.

A Climate for Science Policy

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew L. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Science Policy ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Atmospheric Sciences ◽  
Federal Organization ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Second World

Led by the Meteorological Service of Canada, atmospheric research in Canada underwent a period of rapid growth after the end of the Second World War. Within this federal organization, and in response to operational challenges and staff shortages, there were significant investments in basic research and in research oriented toward external users within Canada. Specifically, new policies and programs were put in place to enable the organization to gain legitimacy within the scientific community and within the federal government. New links with stakeholders and, more importantly, the development of explicit policies to guide research were a prime focus. These formalized strategies for pursuing two parallel types of research generated some internal conflict, but also helped form a common scientific identity among personnel. There were concerted efforts to disseminate research products and reinforce links both with the scientific community and with external users of meteorological and climatological research. Borne out by quantitative data, this science policy–centered history sheds light on the development of research and research specializations in the field in Canada. Most importantly, it provides insight into the global postwar expansion of the atmospheric sciences, which is strongly tied to national contexts. Indeed, the quest for legitimacy and the close connection to government priorities is central to the history of the atmospheric sciences in the twentieth century. More broadly, this case study points to a possible new conception of government science driven by political, bureaucratic, and scientific imperatives, as a means to shed light on scientific networks and practices.

scholarly journals The Curated Food System: A Limiting Aspirational Vision of What Constitutes “Good” Food

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6157
Author(s):  
Lauri Andress ◽  
Carmen Byker Shanks ◽  
Annie Hardison-Moody ◽  
T. Elaine Prewitt ◽  
Paul Kinder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food System ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
System A ◽  
Production Distribution ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Good Food ◽  
Distribution Of Income

In an effort to elucidate an aspirational vision for the food system and explore whether the characteristics of such a system inadvertently set unattainable standards for low-wealth rural communities, we applied discourse analysis to the following qualitative datasets: (1) interviews with food experts and advocates, (2) scholarly and grey literature, (3) industry websites, and (4) email exchanges between food advocates. The analysis revealed eight aspirational food system discourses: production, distribution, and infrastructure; healthy, organic, local food; behavioral health and education; sustainability; finance and investment; hunger relief; demand-side preferences; romanticized, community led transformations. Study findings reveal that of eight discourses, only three encompass the experiences of low-wealth rural residents. This aspirational food system may aggravate the lack of autonomy and powerlessness already experienced by low-wealth rural groups, perpetuate a sense of failure by groups who will be unable to reach the aspirational food vision, silence discourses that might question those that play a role in the inequitable distribution of income while sanctioning discourses that focus on personal or community solutions, and leave out other policy-based solutions that address issues located within the food system. Further research might explore how to draw attention to silenced discourses on the needs and preferences of low-wealth rural populations to ensure that the policies and programs promoted by food system experts mitigate poor diets caused by food insecurity. Further research is needed to inform policies and programs to mitigate food insecurity in low-wealth rural populations.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of locally run conservation initiatives in north-east Peru

Oryx ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noga Shanee ◽  
Sam Shanee ◽  
Robert H. Horwich
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Peasant Farmer ◽  
Land Protection ◽  
North East ◽  
Deforestation Rates ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Governmental Institutions ◽  
Successes And Challenges

AbstractAmazonas and San Martin are two of the most densely populated regions in rural Peru and have some of the highest deforestation rates in the country. They are also home to many threatened and endemic species and are considered a high priority for conservation. Under Peruvian law individuals and community groups can create private conservation areas and conservation concessions, and we evaluated the successes and challenges experienced in the creation and management of such areas, using direct observation, questionnaires and key-informant interviews. Our results show that far from being a problem for conservation many rural communities are actively promoting or participating in conservation initiatives on a local scale with landscape-level impacts. These initiatives include land protection, hunting control and reduced deforestation, thus providing effective solutions to threats. The main obstacles we identified in relation to such campesino (peasant farmer) conservation initiatives were the lack of access to support from governmental and non-governmental institutions and to economic resources to fund the extensive bureaucratic processes of registering protected areas. Many campesino communities bypass these restrictions through informal conservation initiatives.

Community-Engaged Older Adult-Led Policy, Systems, and Environment Interventions in the MS High Obesity Program

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 420-420
Author(s):  
Masey Smith ◽  
Katie Halfacre ◽  
Megan Holmes ◽  
David Buys
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Policy Systems ◽  
Work Done

Abstract Older adults in rural areas are at unique risk for poor outcomes due to social isolation and limited access to resources. The Mississippi High Obesity Program (HOP) aims to enhance access to social connections and resources like community gardens, food pantries, and physical activity as part of its broader objective to prevent and reduce obesity. Through policy, systems and environment strategies, development of Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs) between aforementioned entities, and community based participatory research approaches, Mississippi HOP efforts enhance food systems improvement efforts; grow multi-sectoral collaboration; and evaluate the effectiveness of new policies, and specifically MOUs, in reaching these goals. Older adults represent more than 40% (n=27) of all coalition members and stakeholder leaders (n=61); they are essential for the success of these initiatives. This presentation will highlight the work done during the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of and benefits to older adults, especially ones in rural communities.

Food 4.0

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-100
Author(s):  
Moses Oluwafemi Onibonoje ◽  
Nnamdi Nwulu ◽  
Pitshou Ntambu Bokoro
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Telecommunication Services ◽  
New Era ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
And Robotics

The fourth industrial revolution is a prospective innovation path for human life to possibly replace human intelligence and manual labour with artificial intelligence and robotics. The concept of 4IR is being embraced and applied in all sectors of human life. The academics are researching intensely into the revolution, while industry captain braces up to the inevitable and fast implementation in energy, automobile, telecommunication, services, security, medicine, and other industrial sectors. Agriculture and food sector, which is termed Food 4.0, being the highest employer of human resources, is a major sector that is expected to benefit tremendously from the concept and application of 4IR in driving the sector into the new era of development.

Health Challenges for Rural Families

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
H. Daniel Xu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Health Policy Decision ◽  
Policies And Programs

This chapter discusses the key health challenges faced by rural families, the major national policies and programs for rural health, and the process and political context of policymaking for rural health. It first provides an overview of the health condition in rural areas and health disparities as well as their linkage to poverty in rural communities, followed by an overview of the existing government health policies and programs for rural areas and a critical analysis of the federalist system in health policymaking. Then it offers a brief overview of the American federalism and major decision-making models for health policy and discusses their application to health policy decision-making in the United States. The last part concludes by providing policy recommendations for addressing health challenges for rural families and children. It is hoped that this chapter will help professionals in social, health, and human services understand the complexity of addressing health challenges faced by many rural families and children through policy and program interventions.

Waterfront Property Owners as Economic Development Contributors in Rural Ontario

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Howes
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Multifaceted Approach ◽  
Rural Economic Development ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Eastern Ontario ◽  
Economic Development Strategies

Within Ontario, it is estimated that as much as 10% of the population owns or has access to a cottage. This research, in partnership with the Federation of Ontario Cottagers’ Associations (FOCA), aims to change the conversation about waterfront property owners (WPO) from “tourists” to partners in rural economic development in Eastern Ontario. This study is using a multifaceted approach, which includes an online survey of WPO in Eastern Ontario to identify challenges and opportunities for working remotely or permanently relocating to, the cottage; key informant interviews with several individuals who have made the move to work remotely from their cottage or to permanently relocate and open a business in their rural communities. The last phase of the project aims to connect with the Eastern Ontario economic development community to share the findings of study and to determine how municipalities are engaging WPO in economic development strategies.

Health Challenges for Rural Families

2021 ◽  
pp. 673-694
Author(s):  
H. Daniel Xu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Health Policy Decision ◽  
Policies And Programs

This chapter discusses the key health challenges faced by rural families, the major national policies and programs for rural health, and the process and political context of policymaking for rural health. It first provides an overview of the health condition in rural areas and health disparities as well as their linkage to poverty in rural communities, followed by an overview of the existing government health policies and programs for rural areas and a critical analysis of the federalist system in health policymaking. Then it offers a brief overview of the American federalism and major decision-making models for health policy and discusses their application to health policy decision-making in the United States. The last part concludes by providing policy recommendations for addressing health challenges for rural families and children. It is hoped that this chapter will help professionals in social, health, and human services understand the complexity of addressing health challenges faced by many rural families and children through policy and program interventions.

Listening to child protection workers in Saudi Arabia: Child protection workers speak of how they experienced the policies and programs introduced to protect children between 2010 and 2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 768-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawaf Al Faryan ◽  
Margarita Frederico ◽  
Janelle Young
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Service Workers ◽  
Child Protection Workers ◽  
Limited Power ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Policies And Programs

The protection of children at risk of abuse and neglect requires engagement of the whole community. In this article, child protection managers and direct service workers in Saudi Arabia report their experiences in implementing new policies. Findings of the study showed that early improvements to child protection policies and programs led to confusion among workers regarding their role and were perceived by the workers to be placing children at risk. Limited power assigned to workers, conflict with cultural norms, and a lack of specialist education in child protection were among the barriers preventing workers from undertaking their roles effectively.

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