scholarly journals The Diagnostic Value of the Leukocyte Shift Index in Purulent-Septic Rhinosinusogenic Complications in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-304
Author(s):  
Tatiana B. Kuznetsova ◽  
Maria N. Ponomareva ◽  
Nadezhda E. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Septic Complications ◽  
Orbital Tissue ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Orbital Complications ◽  
Edema Of The Eyelids ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of the leukocyte shift index (LSI) in inflammatory pathology of the paranasal sinuses (PNS) with the rhinosinusogenic orbital complications (RSOC) in pediatric patients. Methods and Results: The study involved 50 patients (26 boys and 24 girls) with diseases of the PNS and RSOC (reactive edema of the eyelids, orbital tissue, and purulent-septic complications of the eyelids and orbit) aged from 1 to 17 years (mean age of 6.66±0.63 years). Group 1 included 29 patients (16 boys and 13 girls) with reactive edema of the eyelids and orbital tissue. Group 2 included 21 patients (10 boys and 11 girls) with purulent-septic RSOC. As a marker for determining the activity of the inflammatory process and the disorders of the immunological reactivity of the body, LSI (leukocyte shift index) was calculated. In general, the LSI value was 1.61±0.21 in Group 1 and 3.45±0.49 in Group 2 (P=0.001). Among patients aged between 3 and 12 years, the LSI was 1.66±0.30 in Group 1 and 3.93±0.79 in Group 2 (P=0.012). The results obtained indicate that LSI can be used to predict purulent-septic RSOC in inflammatory diseases of PNS in patients aged between 3 and 12 years. LSI values from 1.36 to 1.96 may predict the development of reactive edema of the eyelids and orbital tissue; from 3.14 to 4.72 - the development of purulent-septic complications of the eyelids and orbit. Conclusion: The results obtained can be useful in predicting the clinical course of the RSOC in inflammatory pathology of PNS in patients in the age group of 3-12 years.

Amniotic fibronectin fragmentation and expression of its domains, sialyl and fucosyl glycotopes associated with pregnancy complicated by intrauterine infection

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Hirnle ◽  
Iwona Kątnik-Prastowska
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Fibronectin Fragments ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Fibronectin Domains ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Lower Expression ◽  
Group 1

Abstract: The presence of fibronectin fragments has been observed in some inflammatory diseases and is believed to reflect tissue breakdown. In this study, possible fibronectin fragmentation and alterations in its domain and sialyl and fucosyl glycotope expressions were analyzed in amniotic fluids in relation to intrauterine infection.: Samples of amniotic fluid were taken from normal pregnancies and pregnancies (28 and 42 weeks) complicated by intrauterine infection. Fibronectin fragmentation was analyzed by immunoblotting. The expression of cellular, fibrin, C-terminal and EDA fibronectin domains, as well as α2,3- and α2,6-linked sialic acids, and α1,6-, α1,3- and α1,2-linked fucoses, was determined by ELISA, using domain-specific monoclonal antibodies and specific lectins, respectively.: Amniotic fibronectin immunoblots from pregnancies with intrauterine infection revealed three groups of results. In group 1, with the native fibronectin band, and in group 2 with bands of native fibronectin and several fibronectin fragments, only higher α1,6-linked fucose expression was observed. In the infection group 3, characterized by profound fragmentation of fibronectin, lower expression of all fibronectin domains analyzed and of α1,6-linked sialic acid and α1,2-linked fucose was found.: Amniotic fibronectin status was found to be associated with pregnancy complicated by intrauterine infection. Such alterations could have a potential diagnostic value in the prevention of or intervention in fetal intrauterine infection.Clin Chem Lab Med 2007;45:208–14.

scholarly journals Pediatric Pulmonary Hemorrhage vs. Extrapulmonary Bleeding in the Differential Diagnosis of Hemoptysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Vaiman ◽  
Baruch Klin ◽  
Noa Rosenfeld ◽  
Ibrahim Abu-Kishk
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Pulmonary Hemorrhage ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Diagnostic Code ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Hemoptysis is an important symptom which causes a major concern, and warrants immediate diagnostic attention. The authors compared a group of patients with pediatric pulmonary hemorrhage with pediatric patients diagnosed with extrapulmonary bleeding focusing on differences in etiology, outcome and differential diagnosis of hemoptysis.Methods: We performed the retrospective analysis of medical charts of 134 pediatric patients admitted to the Emergency Department because of pulmonary and extrapulmonary hemorrhage and were diagnosed with suspected hemoptysis or developed hemoptysis (ICD10-CM code R04.2). The cases with pulmonary hemorrhage (Group 1) were compared with cases of extrapulmonary bleeding (Group 2) using the Fisher Exact test or Pearson’s χ2 test for categorical variables. The t-test was used to assess differences between continuous variables of the patients in the two groups.Results: Bloody cough was the presenting symptom in 73.9% of cases. 30 patients had pulmonary hemorrhage (Group 1), while 104 patients had extrapulmonary bleeding (Group 2). The underlying causes of bleeding in Group 2 included epistaxis, inflammatory diseases of nasopharynx and larynx, foreign bodies, gingivitis, and hypertrophy of adenoids. Mortality rate was 10% in Group 1, whereas Group 2 did not have any mortality outcomes during the observation period. Etiologycal factors were significantly different between hemoptysis and extrapulmonary bleeding in childrenConclusions: Our research suggested that pulmonary and extrapulmonary bleeding are two conditions that differ significantly and cannot be unified under one diagnostic code. It is important to differentiate between focal and diffuse cases, and between pulmonary and extrapulmonary hemorrhage due to the diversity of clinical courses and outcomes.

scholarly journals Miniplate 1.5 fixation for the repair of mandibular osteotomies in cats

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelina Maria da Silva ◽  
Wilson Machado de Souza ◽  
Patrícia de Athayde Barnabé ◽  
Marion Burkhardt de Koivisto ◽  
Nair Trevizan Machado de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Radiolucent Line ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bone Union ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Osteotomy Line ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Adult Cats ◽  
Group 1

Purpose: To evaluate the application of the maxillofacial miniplate 1.5 in the repair of unilateral mandibular osteotomies in cats. Methods: Twelve adult cats were divided into two groups. In group 1 (n=6), the osteotomy was performed in the body of the mandible, behind the 1st molar. In group 2 (n=6), the osteotomy was performed between the 4th premolar and 1st molar. The osteotomy was fixed with a titanium miniplate 1.5. Oral alimentation was reinitiated 24 hours after surgery. Cats were euthanized at 12 weeks postoperative. Results: Radiographs taken 1 week after surgery showed a radiolucent line. The osteotomy line was not more visible on the radiographs taken at 12 weeks postoperative. Macroscopic examination confirmed alignment and bone union of operated hemimandibles. Histological examination showed formation of woven bone within the osteotomy line. The percentage of bone tissue at these areas was measured by the histometry. There was no statistically significant difference between the values of group 1(75.07 ± 5.99) and group 2 (74.76 ± 8.54) (Mann-Whitney's test p= 0.469). Conclusion: We concluded that the use of miniplate 1.5 for the fixation of mandibular osteotomy in cats provided the main goals in the treatment of mandibular fractures: bone union, normal dental occlusion and immediate return to oral alimentation.

scholarly journals INJECTABLE COPPER AND ZINC FOR GRAZING YEARLING STEERS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1033-1041
Author(s):  
F. A-R. SANKOH ◽  
R. J. BOILA
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Group 1

Injectable Cu and Zn were evaluated as mineral supplements using 37 purebred Herefords (Group 1) and 23 Angus-Charolais-North Devon crosses (Group 2). The 60 steers were carried through a 113-d grazing phase. This was followed by a 79-d finishing phase for all steers of Group 1 and seven steers of Group 2. Treatments were combinations of the non-dosing (0Cu, 0Zn) and dosing (+Cu, +Zn) of steers with injectable Cu or Zn at the start of the grazing phase: (1) 0Cu, 0Zn; (2) +Cu, 0Zn; (3) 0Cu, +Zn; and (4) +Cu, +Zn. Injectables were the sole source of supplementary Cu and Zn during grazing and finishing phases. Means (SE) for Cu and Zn, respectively, in forages as milligrams per kilogram dry matter (DM) during the grazing phase were: grasses, 4.4 (0.17), 15.7 (0.46); alfalfa, 6.9 (0.18), 16.5 (1.49); and birdsfoot trefoil 5.0 (0.76), 15.0 (3.41). Injectable Cu did not influence (P > 0.05) body weight during the grazing phase. Body weight responses were lower (P < 0.05) for +Cu steers in the finishing phase, when dietary Cu was low, but steers could not be classified as Cu-deficient based on liver Cu. Liver Cu increased to means greater than 140 mg kg−1 DM in all steers, but was higher (P < 0.05) in +Cu steers during the grazing phase. Serum Cu varied widely during the grazing phase, but was higher (P < 0.05) for +Cu steers only on day 84 of the grazing phase. Neither liver Cu nor serum Cu was influenced (P > 0.05) by injectable Zn. Injectable Zn decreased growth rates in the latter part of the grazing phase but did not affect (P > 0.05) the body weight response during the finishing phase. The concentrations of Zn in liver and serum were not influenced (P > 0.05) by injectable Cu or Zn. Key words: Cattle, grazing, copper, zinc, injectable copper, injectable zinc

scholarly journals Effect of grazing period management on growth performances of camel in climate change condition

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Champak Bhakat
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Change Condition ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

In order to decide the optimum time of grazing for camels during hot summer months, 10 growing camel calveswere divided into 2 equal groups. First group was sent for grazing during 10:00 h to 16:00 h daily and second groupallowed for grazing during thermo neutral period. The climatic variables were recorded daily (April 2012 to March2013). The average daily gain and total body weight gain in calves sent for grazing during relatively cool parts ofday (group 2) was significantly higher as compared to group 1 calves sent as per routine farm schedule. Theaverage intake of fodder and water from manger was higher in group 1 calves. The average DMI from manger forgroup 1 calves was higher as compared to group 2 calves. The comparative biometrics of camel calves in differentgrazing management practices revealed that body length, heart girth, height at wither, neck length were significantly(P&lt;0.01) higher in group 2 calves as compared to group 1 calves. After 180 days of experimentation, humpcircumference vertical and hind leg length were significantly (P&lt;0.05) increased in group 2 as compared to group1. Analysis of recorded data of climatic parameters revealed that average maximum temperature was higher duringJune 2012. The values of THI also were higher in monsoon and post monsoon months hence the practice of sendingcamel calves during relatively comfortable part of hot and hot humid months was successful in getting good growth.The relative humidity was significantly higher during morning as compared to evening period for all months. TheTHI was significantly lower during morning as compared to evening hours for all months in different climate forwhole year. Economic analysis reveals that the cost of feed per kg body weight gain was quite less in group 2 ascompared to group 1. So the practice of grazing of camel calves during cool hours of day remain profitable forfarmers by looking at the body weight gain and better body conformation in climate change condition.

scholarly journals Zingerone Ameliorates Hepatotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 280-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julietpoornamathy J ◽  
Parameswari C.S.
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Group 1

In medical sciences, toxicity is an area wherein extensive studies have been carried to improve the diseases as well as to prevent. So, there is a high requirement for novel and improved alternative therapeutic strategies to manage diseases. The liver is the largest gland in the body, which executes several important mechanisms; it stores minerals and vitamins and releases them in periods of need. The main aim of this study was to give a closer insight into potent non- toxic compounds that is capable of modifying the responses. Animals were divided into five equal groups viz control (Group 1), administered with food and water ad libitum, (Group 2) administered with olive oil, (Group 3) administered with zingerone, (Group 4) administered with concanavalin A, (Group 5) administered with cyclosporine A followed by zingerone. Our results revealed significant changes in liver marker enzymes and liver histology of zingerone treated rats when compared to control rats.  A corollary, zingerone has no toxic effect on hepatocytes and was found to be safe at a dose of 10mg/kg b wt and also ameliorates hepatotoxicity.

Abstract WP380: Thyrotoxicosis is Associated With Worse In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakiru O Isa ◽  
Olajide Buhari ◽  
Hameem Changezi
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
The Body ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Time Of Presentation ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Hyperthyroidism increases the basal metabolic rate and affects most systems in the body. Patients with hyperthyroidism have been shown to have a higher incidence of ischemic stroke. There is a paucity of information regarding its effects on the short-term outcomes of patients admitted with ischemic stroke. Hypothesis: Hyperthyroidism is associated with worse in-hospital outcomes in patients admitted for ischemic stroke. Methods: We queried the National Inpatient Sample to identify adult patients(aged 18 and above) admitted for ischemic stroke between January 2011 and December 2014. We compared those with a history of hyperthyroidism (group 1) and thyrotoxicosis on admission (group 2) with the rest of the patients (group 3). The main outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included the length of hospital stay and cost of hospitalization. We used the logistic regression model and adjusted for baseline characteristics and co-morbidities. Results: There were 643,786 patients in the study, 0.44% had a history of hyperthyroidism, and 0.01% had thyrotoxicosis at the time of presentation. The odd of mortality in group 1 compared to group 3 was 0.89, 95% CI 0.75-1.05, p=0.16 while in group 2 compared to group 3, it was 2.42, 95% CI 1.29-4.52, p<0.006. The mean length of stay was also longer in group 2 with a mean difference of 8.06, 95% CI 4.74 - 11.39, p<0.0001. Conclusion: From the study, there was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality between patients with previously diagnosed hyperthyroidism and those without diagnosed hyperthyroidism. Patients who had thyrotoxicosis on admission, on the other hand, had worse outcomes compared to patients without thyrotoxicosis.

Abstract 15472: The Utility of Isoproterenol Testing in Pediatric Patients Following Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry Ablation

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahmina Samad ◽  
Eric S Silver ◽  
Leonardo Liberman
Keyword(s):  
Catheter Ablation ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Slow Pathway ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
Prior Use ◽  
Acute Success ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Procedural Success ◽  
Group 1

Intro: AVNRT is a common mechanism of SVT in pediatric patients. Catecholamines such as isoproterenol (ISO) are routinely given during post ablation (ABL) testing to confirm acute success. In light of its recent significant cost increase, the aim of our study was to determine if ISO is necessary in all pediatric patients after AVNRT ablation to ensure acute procedural success. Method: Retrospective study of patients <21 years with AVNRT from 1/06-12/18 who had undergone catheter ablation. We excluded patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), prior ABL, without inducible tachycardia (presumed AVNRT), unsuccessful ABL and those who required ISO to induce tachycardia (TACHY) prior to ABL lesions. All patients were tested after ABL without ISO and if AVNRT was not induced they were retested while on ISO. Result: We identified 232 patients with AVNRT of whom 65 (28%) met the study criteria; 123 (53%) were excluded for requiring ISO to induce AVNRT prior to ABL, 23 (10%) for CHD, 12 (5%) with presumed AVNRT and 9 (4%) with an unsuccessful ABL. The average age was 14.4 yrs (±3.5) and 54% were female. All patients received anesthesia, 40/65 were intubated (62%). Evidence of slow pathway conduction (Spath) (AH jump with atrial extrastimulus testing, presence of AV nodal echo beats or PR>RR) was seen in 35/65 patients (54%). Patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n= 57, 88%) consisted of patients without inducible TACHY post ABL while receiving ISO, group 2 (n = 8, 12%) of patients in whom TACHY was inducible with ISO thus required further ABL. There was no difference between the groups with regards to sex, age, intubation status, prior use of antiarrhythmic meds, or in the incidence of Spath (31/57, 54% vs. 4/8, 50%, p=1). Four of the 8 patients in group 2 with no evidence of Spath had inducible TACHY with ISO. Conclusion: We found that 12% of pediatric patients who did not require ISO to induce AVNRT prior to ABL had inducible TACHY only with ISO after AVNRT ABL. Presence of dual AV nodal physiology after ABL lesions did not predict inducibility of AVNRT on ISO, and 50% of the patients with no evidence of slow pathway conduction by conventional testing had inducible AVNRT with ISO. ISO testing is useful in all pediatric patients to test for inducibility following catheter ablation of AVNRT.

Influence of hematocrit on tissue O2 extraction capabilities during acute hemorrhage

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (6) ◽  
pp. H1942-H1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Van der Linden ◽  
E. Gilbart ◽  
P. Paques ◽  
C. Simon ◽  
J. L. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Acute Hemorrhage ◽  
O2 Extraction ◽  
Normovolemic Hemodilution ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
O2 Delivery ◽  
Blood Lactate Levels ◽  
Group 1

This study was performed to test the hypothesis that tissue O2 extraction capabilities during hemorrhage may be greater when hematocrit (Hct) is initially reduced. Twenty-four anesthetized and splenectomized dogs were randomly assigned in three groups of eight dogs each: group 1 (Hct 40), 40–45% Hct; group 2 (Hct 30), 30–35% Hct; and group 3 (Hct 20), 20–25% Hct. In each animal, the desired Hct was obtained by normovolemic hemodilution using hydroxyethyl starch 450/0.7 and maintained throughout the experiment. O2 delivery (DO2) was progressively reduced by hemorrhage. At each step, DO2 and O2 consumption (VO2) were measured separately. Critical DO2 obtained from a plot of VO2 vs. DO2 was lower in the Hct 30 and Hct 20 groups than in the Hct 40 group [(in ml.min-1.kg-1) Hct 30, 7.9 +/- 2.2; Hct 20, 7.8 +/- 1.0; Hct 40, 10.4 +/- 1.1; P < 0.05]. Critical DO2 obtained from blood lactate levels was also significantly lower in the Hct 30 and Hct20 groups than in the Hct 40 group. Critical O2 extraction ratio was also greater in the Hct 30 and Hct 20 groups than in the Hct 40 group (Hct 30, 73.0 +/- 13.9%; Hct 20, 70.1 +/- 9.6%; Hct 40, 57.1 +/- 11.5%; P < 0.05). In the conditions of our study, moderate hemodilution was associated with an improvement of the O2 extraction capabilities of the body, probably related to the reduction in blood viscosity.

scholarly journals 1552. Correlation Between Vancomycin Serum Trough Concentrations and Area Under the Curve in Pediatric Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S566-S567
Author(s):  
Krista Weaver ◽  
Madan Kumar ◽  
Allison Nelson ◽  
Palak Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Serum Trough ◽  
Trough Concentrations ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Despite years of experience with vancomycin (VAN), the optimal method to monitor VAN therapy in pediatric patients is still unknown. Recent pediatric data indicate serum trough concentrations lower than 10–20 mg/L or 15–20 mg/L based on indication may achieve an AUC24> 400 mg hours/L. The primary study objective was to compare AUC24 to goal VAN serum trough concentrations (STC). Methods A retrospective chart review of pediatric patients who received intravenous VAN June 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018 was completed. AUC24 was calculated using a trapezoidal method with 2 steady-state serum concentrations. A serum peak concentration was drawn 1 hour and 15 minutes following the end of infusion and an STC was drawn 30 minutes prior to infusion. Results During 25 admissions, 12 patients had a first AUC24 at goal and 13 patients had a first AUC24 below goal. Of 41 AUC24 calculations, 27 AUC24s were ≥400 mg hours/L (group 1), and 14 AUC24s were <400 mg hours/L (group 2). Median AUC24 was 561 mg hours/L for group 1 vs. 344.5 mg hours/L for group 2 (P < 0.001). Correlating Cmin and Ctrough (Ctr) for group 1 and group 2 were 12 mg/L and 13.5 mg/L vs. 6.4 mg/L and 7.3 mg/L, respectively (P < 0.001). Figure 1 shows the pharmacokinetic parameters for each group. Spearman correlation between AUC24 and Cmin was 0.87. Of the 35 subtherapeutic VAN STCs, 20 (57.1%) achieved an AUC24 ≥400 mg hours/L (P = 0.08). Subgroup analysis of AUC24 400–600 mg hours/L showed a median AUC24 of 519 mg hours/L with correlating Cmin and Ctr of 10.6 mg/L and 11.9 mg/L, respectively. The MIC was <1 in 90.9% of cases (Figure 2). The mean VAN dose required to achieve an AUC24 ≥400 mg hours/L was 77.7 mg/kg/day; dosing frequency did not appear to affect AUC24 outcome. Time to culture clearance was 2 days in group 1 and 6.5 days in group 2 (P = 0.24). No cases of nephrotoxicity were identified despite AUC24 values ranging from 265–1294 mg hours/L. Conclusion AUC24 monitoring using a 2-sample trapezoidal method was successfully implemented at this institution. The results of this study align with previous pediatric studies, supporting the use of lower serum trough concentration goals of 10–15 mg/L. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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