PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT: a Preliminary Test on Five Medicinal Plants on Bangkalan

This study is preliminary research of secondary metabolite potential from medicinal Herb Madura. This study aims to know the medicinal plants used in the medicinal herb Madura and the phytochemical content contained in these medicinal plants. The method used in this study is a survey to know the kinds of medicinal plants used in Madura Herb. Then a phytochemical screening test for the medicinal plant was performed. The phytochemical screening test used are alkaloids, steroids, saponins, and flavonoids. Based on the research, it is found that 66 medicinal plants are widely used for "Ramuan Madura” in Bangkalan. Of the 66 plants selected, Madura five medicinal plants widely used by the Madurense; Parameria laevigata, Kaempferia galanga L., Curcuma domestica, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, dan Punica granatum. Then the preliminary phytochemical test to determine the secondary metabolite compounds. Secondary metabolite content obtained include alkaloids, saponins, steroids, and flavonoids.

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Antidiabetic Action Of Polyherbal Ethanolic Extract In Alloxan Induced Diabetic In Wistar Rats

Current Biotechnology ◽

10.2174/2211550110666210720125746 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Rashmi Saxena Pal ◽

Nikita Saraswat ◽

Pranay Wal ◽

Ankita Wal ◽

Yogendra Pal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Punica Granatum ◽

Herbal Extract ◽

Ocimum Sanctum ◽

Drug Preparation ◽

Active Constituent ◽

Herbal Products

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a complex, chronic metabolic disease, with heterogeneous etiology and risk factors at the social level and behavioral, environmental, and genetic susceptibility. There are numerous traditional medicinal plants reported having hypoglycemic properties such as Allium sativum (Garlic), Azadirachta indica (Neem), Punica granatum (Anar), Trigonella foenum (Fenugreek), Momordica charantia (Bitter gourd), Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi). The use and delivery of herbal medicine as a dosage form in treating and preventing diseases has a long history started with use in Mesopotamia in 2600 B.C. Although the oldest record on the practice of medicinal plants for drug preparation was engraved on a Sumerian clay slab, created over 5,000 years ago. The use of medicinal plants is still continuing in this modern era, and it has been estimated that approximately one-fourth of prescription medicines worldwide are derived from plants. Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the anti-diabetic effects of Ethanolic extract of leaves of Punica granatum, Beta vulgaris, and Azadirachta Indica in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The use of herbal products is not only limited to dietary uses, such as food, nutrition, etc., it has a distinct role in the remedy of several diseases. Methods: Animals were induced with diabetes using Alloxan and then were observed on basis of numerous parameters to access the induction and control of diabetes in comparison to all groups. The animal received dosing of Herbal extracts in treated groups and were checked for Fasting blood glucose. Neurobehavioral studies & weight of all animals checked on 7,14,21,28 days after induction of diabetes. Results: The results proved that the herbal extract of the powder was anti-diabetic in action. Conclusion: The herbal extract must be tested for the phyto-constituents and the active constituent must be isolated to perform research on humans.

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In Vitro Antibacterial Activity, Preliminary Phytochemical Screening Profile, and In Vivo Toxicity of Seven Traditional Medicinal Plants in Ethiopia

Traditional and Integrative Medicine ◽

10.18502/tim.v6i4.8273 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Eyerus Mekuriaw ◽

Enat Mengistu ◽

Ayana Erdedo ◽

Hassen Mamo

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Phytochemical Content

The threat of antibiotic-resistance calls for novel antibacterial agents. This study was aimed at screening medicinal plants for their antibacterial properties, phytochemical content and safety. Leaves of Allophylus abyssinicus (Hochst.) Radlk., Dicliptera laxata C.B.Clarke, Ligustrum vulgare L., Solanecio gigas (Vatke) c. Jeffrey and Gymnanthemum myrianthum (Hook.f.) H.Rob.; leaf and stem-bark of Olinia rochetiana A. Juss. and the seed of Cucurbita pepo L. were used. Chloroform and ethanol were used to extract G. myrianthum, D. laxata and O. rochetiana; ethyl acetate and methanol for the rest, and water for all. The extracts were tested against clinical/standard strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus by the agar-diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined. Acute toxicity to mice was checked and preliminary phytochemical screening was done. Thirteen extracts, out of 24, were active (inhibition zone >7 mm) at differing levels (9.67±0.33-25.66±0.57 mm) against at least one bacterial strain. The MICs and MBCs were 1.95-15.6 mg/mL and 7.8-125 mg/mL respectively. The aqueous extract of S. gigas, methanol extracts of L. vulgare and A. abyssinicus, and ethanol extract of O. rochetiana leaf were the most active (MIC 1.95mg/ml) against S. aureus. Ethyl acetate extracts of A. abyssinicus, L. vulgare and S. gigas; aqueous of C. pepo, O. rochetiana and G. myrianthum; and all D. laxata had no antibacterial activity. P. aeruginosa was the least susceptible to any extract, although the methanol and aqueous extracts of S. gigas performed better against it. Preliminary phytochemical screening of selected extracts for phenols, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, steroidal glycosides, alkaloids, saponins, resins and glycosides showed positivity at least for four of these phytochemicals with glycoside and terpenoids in nearly all extracts and resin in none. The plants were not toxic to mice at 2000 mg/kg. Further consideration of S. gigas, L. vulgare, A. abyssinicus and O. rochetiana is recommended in light of their promising potential and safety.

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UJI IDENTIFIKASI FARMAKOGNOSTIK TUMBUHAN KEMIRI SUNAN (Aleurites trisperma) DI KEBUN PERCOBAAN UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH PALANGKARAYA

Anterior Jurnal ◽

10.33084/anterior.v17i1.29 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 60-68

Author(s):

Rabiatul Adawiyah

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Natural Resources ◽

Experimental Research ◽

Future Development ◽

Preliminary Test ◽

Scientific Data ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Crude Fiber Content ◽

The World ◽

Chemical Content

Natural ingredients have been known and used all over the world for thousands of years ago. In Indonesia, the natural ingredients, better known as herbal or traditional medicine, has been widespread since the time of the ancestors until now and continues to be preserved as a cultural heritage. The wealth of natural resources that we have is an asset of future development, the problem is how we can exploit that potential wisely and wisely. Siri herbs (Aleurites trisperma) is one of the plants in Indonesia. Pecan sunan (Aleurites trisperma) is the name of the plant given to the plant species of pecan poison. In middle Kalimantan this plant has started cultivated in the field of agriculture as bioindustry and pesticide, there has been no research of the plant is used as a treatment. This study aims to obtain scientific data about the pharmacognostic picture of the hazelnut plants and to enrich the inventory of Indonesian medicinal plants, knowing the simplicia chemicals group of candlenut crops. The method used is experimental research with laboratory approach. The research was conducted with several stages of macroscopic, microscopic and leafy leaves extract obtained by maceration method and fatty test using soxhletation using 96% ethanol solvent. The results of the study on green leaf organoleptic, soft odor (no sting), tasting (preliminary), preliminary test of water content 13.09%, ash 0.9%, fat content 7.46%, crude fiber content 32.82% and phytochemical screening results showed the chemical content of positive sugars leaves contains tannins, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, and terpenoids.

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Antibacterial Activity of Combination of Ethanol Extract of Pepermine Leaves (Mentha piperita L.) and Amikacin Against Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli

Journal of Nutraceuticals and Herbal Medicine ◽

10.23917/jnhm.v4i1.15649 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 12-29

Author(s):

Peni Indrayudha

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Screening Test ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Mentha Piperita ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Phytochemical Screening

Peppermint leaves have been known to have antibacterial and antifungal activity. Amikacin is a semisynthetic derivative of kanamycin which is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative enteric bacteria. The combination of plant extracts with antibiotics is one way or alternative to overcome bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to determine the combined effect of the ethanolic extract of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and amikacin against Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli as well as the compounds contained in the ethanolic extract of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) leaves. Antibacterial activity was tested using the disk diffusion method (Kirby Bauer) and the phytochemical screening test using the tube test method. The concentration of peppermint leaf ethanol extract for the combination test was 200 mg/mL and 400 mg/mL, for the concentration of amikacin used was 5 mg/mL with three comparisons made, namely 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25. The results showed a synergistic effect with the largest inhibition zone diameter at a ratio of 25:75 at a concentration of 200 mg/mL, which was 36.25±2.5 mm on Klebsiella pneumonia bacteria. While at a concentration of 400 mg/mL the diameter of the largest inhibition zone was 40±1.63 mm in Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria with a ratio of 75:25. The results of statistical tests using the t-test showed a significance value of 0.000 0.05 so that there was a significant difference in the administration of each concentration to the resulting inhibition zone. The results of the phytochemical screening test contained alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins.

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Identifikasi Senyawa Tanin Pada Daun Kemuning (Murraya panicullata L. Jack) Dengan Berbagai Jenis Pelarut Pengekstraksi

Journal of Pharmacy and Science ◽

10.53342/pharmasci.v2i1.63 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 29-32

Author(s):

Galuh Gondo Kusumo ◽

M.A. Hanny Ferry Fernanda ◽

Heppy Asroriyah

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Secondary Metabolite ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Screening Test ◽

Human Life ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Murraya Paniculata ◽

Layer Chromatography

ABSTRAKKemuning (Murraya paniculata L. Jack) adalah salah satu kekayaan alam yang memiliki banyak manfaat bagi kehidupan manusia. Tanin merupakan salah satu metabolit sekunder dari kemuning yang dapat digunakan sebagai anti diare dan pelangsing. Ekstrak kemuning didapatkan dari maserasi menggunakan tiga pelarut berbeda, yaitu metanol, etanol dan etil asetat. Tannin kemudian dipisahan dari ekstrak dengan menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) dengan berbagai jenis pelarut. Hasil nalisis menunjukkan bahwa pelarut terbaik untuk mengekstraksi tanin adalah metanol dengan perolehan 23,6989 g (31,59%). Skrining fitokimia yang dilakukan menggunakan dua reagen yang berbeda menunjukkan hasil yang positif mengandung tanin. Eluenterbaik untuk analisa tanin pada penelitian ini adalah dengan n-heksan-etil asetat (6 : 4) dengan nilai Rf sebesar 0,62.Kata Kunci : kemuning (Murraya paniculata L. Jack), tannin, kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT)ABSTRACTOrange Jessamine (Murraya paniculata L. Jack) is one of the natural treasures which has many benefits for human life. Tannin is one of secondary metabolite of orange jessamine that can be used as antidiarrhoeal and body slimming. It was obtained by maceration using 3 different solvents, such as : methanol, ethanol, and ethyl acetate. Tannins was separated from crude extract using thin layer chromatography (TLC) in different type of eluent. The analysis showed that the best solvent to extract tannin is methanol that produce of 23.6989 g (31.59%). The phytochemical screening test of the two reagents shows positif result contain tannin compound. The best eluent in this study aimed is n-hexane: ethyl acetate (6 : 4) with tannin Rf value of 0.62.Keywords: Orange jessamine (Murraya paniculata L. Jack), tannin, maceration, thin layer chromatography

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Phytochemical Screening of Decoction and Ethanolic Extract of Amomum dealbatum Roxb. Leaves

JURNAL BIOLOGI TROPIS ◽

10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2758 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 510

Author(s):

Nisa Isneni Hanifa ◽

Dyke Gita Wirasisya ◽

Arinda Eka Muliani ◽

Septia Budi Utami ◽

Anggit Listyacahyani Sunarwidhi

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Phytochemical Content ◽

Successive Extraction ◽

Preliminary Research ◽

Phytochemical Contents

Renggak (Amomum dealbatum Roxb.) is a species from the genus Amomum widely spread in Lombok. Traditionally, Amomum dealbatum Roxb. (renggak) is an antiseptic to treat rheumatism and arthritis. However, there was limited report of its phytochemical contents and biological activity of Amomum dealbatum Roxb. This study is preliminary research that aims to determine the phytochemical content of Amomum dealbatum Roxb. leaf decoction and its ethanolic extract. For this study, we used two different extraction methods. The fully powdered plant used for the successive extraction in the cold process for maceration methods was 800 g, and ethanols were used as solvents. We used a traditional receipt that utilized three fresh leaves in the decoction methods with 4,5 L of water as solvents. Phytochemical screening was carried out qualitatively by using the tube method with specific reagents for each compound. Important phytochemicals that were screened are flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and triterpenoids. Phytochemical screening from plant extract and decoction revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins. Triterpenoid was only detected on the extract, and none of the extract and decoction have saponins and steroids. Our finding provides information about secondary metabolites that present in Amomum dealbatum Roxb. These phytochemical findings are essential and might be useful as quality parameters and to predicts its biological activities.

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PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF VOLVARIELLA VOLVACEA (STRAW MUSHROOM) EXTRACT FROM ACEH’S LOCAL CULTIVATION

Jurnal Natural ◽

10.24815/jn.v18i1.9228 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 32-37

Author(s):

Sadli .

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolite ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Volvariella Volvacea ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Phytochemical Content ◽

Mushroom Extract ◽

Straw Mushroom

Abstract. A research on analyzing the phytochemical content in Volvariella volvacea (straw mushroom) extract from a local cultivation in Aceh has been conducted. Straw mushroom is potentially a medicine ingredient. This study aims to examine the secondary metabolite compounds in the methanol extract of straw mushroom. The extraction of the secondary metabolite compounds was undertaken by using the maceration method with methanol solvent. Phytochemical test was conducted qualitatively by using the meyer’s reagent, bouchardat, dragendrof, FeCl3, HCl 0.1 M, HCl 2N and Lieberman – bouchardat. Phytochemical analysis was carried out on flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, tannins and terpenoids. The phytochemical analysis’ result shows that the straw mushroom extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponins.Keywords: straw mushroom, methanol extract, maceration method, phytochemical screening

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Comparison of Secondary Metabolite Content of Pteris vittata L. in Baluran National Park and Malang and Its Effect on Environment

el–Hayah ◽

10.18860/elha.v7i1.7240 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Eko Sri Sulasmi ◽

Uun Rohmawati ◽

Achmad Makin Amin

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Secondary Metabolite ◽

National Park ◽

Pteris Vittata ◽

Screening Methods ◽

State University ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Qualitative Test ◽

The Difference ◽

Metabolite Content

Fern is cosmopolitan plants which are almost scattered in all parts of the world, one of which is found in Baluran National Park and in Malang. The potential and benefits of these ferns are quite important for agriculture and medicine because of the chemical compounds they have, especially in Pteris vitatta L. This study aimed to analyze secondary metabolites contained in P. vittata L. in Baluran National Park, Situbondo and in Malang. The samples used were leaves and rhizome P. vittata extracted using methanol 96%, followed by a qualitative test of the content of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, polyphenols, tannins, saponins, using phytochemical screening methods with several reagents. The results showed that the leaves and Rhizome P. vittata L.. in Baluran National Park, Situbondo were positively containing secondary metabolites of terpenoids, polyphenols, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids (Dragendorf and Bouchardat reagents), whereas flavonoids were not present in all samples. However, the results of P. vitatta L. phytochemical screening around Malang State University positively contained flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, alkaloids (Wagner and Dragendorf reagents). The difference in results from these two places is because the secondary metabolite content in plants is affected by stressful environmental conditions such as soil texture where it is grown or is affected by the precursors of the secondary metabolites of the metabolites.

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