Bioremediation of Lead and Cadmium Contaminated soil by Sesbania rostrata plant and AM fungi Glomus mosseae

This study was conducted to determine the activity of plant Sesbania rostrata and two isolate from arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (A,B) as a bioremediation of soil polluted by cadmium and lead elements in north and south of Baghdad city. The results showed that the average of soil pollution by cadmium and lead elements in north of Baghdad was less than the average of soil pollution in the south of Baghdad which recorded 10.0, 9.0 mg/kg and 27.0, 25.0 mg/kg respectively. The plant Sesbania recorded ability to accumulate the lead element in shoot system 19.65 mg/kg and in root system 27.2 mg/kg and for cadmium element 19.6, 24.6 mg/kg in shoot and root respectively. The results showed that the isolate A from soil pollution is more effected than isolate B which isolated from uncontaminated soil.

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Bioremediation of Nickel and Lead contaminated soil by Vica faba L. plant and AM fungi Glomus mosseae

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.12.2.260-265 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 260-265

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Root System ◽

Soil Pollution ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Glomus Mosseae ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Polluted Soil ◽

The South ◽

Shoot System ◽

North And South

This study is conducted to determine the activity of plant Vica faba and two isolated from arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (A,B) in bioremediation of soil pollution by Nickel and Lead elements in north and south of Baghdad city. The results showed that the average of soil pollution by Nickel and Lead elements in north of Baghdad was less than the average of soil pollution in the south of Baghdad which recorded 29.0,9.0PPm and 42.0, 25.0PPm respectively. The results show that the isolate A from the polluted soil is more active from isolate B which isolate from unpolluted soil for bioremediation. Vica faba recorded more in accumulate the Lead element in shoot system which was 19.65PPm and in root system was 27.2PPm and for Nickel element 24.65, 27.55PPm in shoot and root respectively.

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Bioremediation of Lead and Cadmium Contaminated soil by Sesbania rostrata plant and AM fungi Glomus mosseae

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.2016.13.2.0212 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 212-217

Author(s):

Eltifat Shahatha ◽

◽

Ali Al-Mousawi ◽

Kadhim Ibrahim ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contaminated Soil ◽

Glomus Mosseae ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Sesbania Rostrata ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

Cadmium Contaminated Soil

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Differential contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to plant nitrate uptake (15N) under increasing N supply to the soil

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b01-093 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 79 (10) ◽

pp. 1175-1180 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R Azcón ◽

J M Ruiz-Lozano ◽

R Rodríguez

Keyword(s):

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Nitrate Uptake ◽

Glomus Mosseae ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽

Nitrogen Nutrition ◽

Nitrate Assimilation ◽

Growth Period ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Symbiosis

The objective of this study was to determine how the uptake and transport of nitrate by two species of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is affected by its concentration in the medium and by the age of the AM symbiosis. Tracer amounts of15N nitrate were applied at two plant growth periods to mycorrhizal or nonmycorrhizal lettuce plants, which had been grown in soil supplied with nitrate to provide a total of 84, 168, or 252 mg N/kg. At both injection times, Glomus mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerd. and Trappe and Glomus fasciculatum (Thaxter sensu Gerd.) Gerd. and Trappe reached the highest values of nitrogen derived from the fertilizer (NdfF) at 84 mg N/kg. Glomus mosseae also reached the highest values of labeled fertilizer N utilization at 84 mg N/kg, whereas G. fasciculatum reached the highest values at 168 mg N/kg in the medium. The highest N level in the medium (252 mg N/kg) had a negative effect on % NdfF and % labeled fertilizer utilization for all mycorrhizal plants. Regarding the time of15N fertilizer application, G. fasciculatum-colonized plants had a minimum change in % NdfF and % labeled fertilizer utilization during the growth period (60 days application vs. 30 days application). In contrast, G. mosseae-colonized plants growing at 168 mg N/kg in the medium, decreased these two values in the latest application. The present results confirm that mycorrhizal symbiosis may be particularly important for nitrogen nutrition in plants growing in neutral-alkaline soils.Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizae, nitrate assimilation, nitrate uptake,15N-labeled fertilizer.

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Study of the effect of soil pollution with different concentrations of cadmium and lead upon enzymes in the leaf tissues of sunflower and peas.

JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ◽

10.33899/edusj.2013.89218 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 18-27

Author(s):

Hussein Sabir Mohammad Ali

Keyword(s):

Soil Pollution ◽

Leaf Tissues ◽

Cadmium And Lead

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Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizae on soil P dynamics, corn P-nutrition and growth in a ridge-tilled commercial field

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss07024 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 88 (3) ◽

pp. 283-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Christine P Landry ◽

Chantal Hamel ◽

Anne Vanasse

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Soil Disturbance ◽

P Uptake ◽

P Nutrition ◽

Soil P ◽

High Yields ◽

Ridge Tillage

Ridge-tilled corn (Zea mays L.) could benefit from arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Under low soil disturbance, AM hyphal networks are preserved and can contribute to corn nutrition. A 2-yr study was conducted in the St. Lawrence Lowlands (Quebec, Canada) to test the effects of indigenous AM fungi on corn P nutrition, growth, and soil P in field cropped for 8 yr under ridge-tillage. Phosphorus treatments (0, 17, 35 kg P ha-1) were applied to AM-inhibited (AMI) (fungicide treated) and AM non-inhibited (AMNI) plots. Plant tissue and soil were sampled 22, 48 and 72 days after seeding (DAS). P dynamics was monitored in situ with anionic exchange membranes (PAEM) from seeding to the end of July. AMNI plants showed extensive AM colonization at all P rates. At 22 DAS, AMI plants had decreased growth in the absence of P inputs, while AMNI plants had higher dry mass (DM) and P uptake in unfertilized plots. The PAEM was lower in the AMNI unfertilized soils in 1998 and at all P rates in 1999, indicating an inverse relationship between P uptake and PAEM. At harvest, grain P content of AMNI plants was greater than that of AMI plants. In 1998, only AMI plants had decreased yield in the absence of P fertilization. In 1999, AMNI plants produced greater grain yield than AMI plants at all P rates. AM fungi improve the exploitation of soil P by corn thereby maintaining high yields while reducing crop reliance on P inputs in RT. Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizae, ridge-tillage, soil P dynamics, corn, P nutrition

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Deciphering lead and cadmium stripping peaks for porous antimony deposited electrodes

Materials Science-Poland ◽

10.1515/msp-2016-0063 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 233-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Aqeel Ahmad Taimoor

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Porous Electrodes ◽

Electrochemical Sensing ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Electrochemical Tests ◽

Diffusion Limitations ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

Cadmium And Lead

AbstractCadmium and lead are generally taken as model heavy metal ions in water to scale the detection limit of various electrode sensors, using electrochemical sensing techniques. These ions interact with the electrochemically deposited antimony electrodes depending on the diffusion limitations. The phenomenon acts differently for the in-situ and ex-situ deposition as well as for porous and non-porous electrodes. A method has been adopted in this study to discourage the stripping and deposition of the working ions (antimony) to understand the principle of heavy metal ion detection. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique was used to establish the interaction between the working and dissolved ions. In addition to the distinct peaks for each analyte, researchers also observed a shoulder peak. A possible reason for the presence of this peak was provided. Different electrochemical tests were performed to ascertain the theory on the basis of the experimental observations.

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The enhancement of drought tolerance for pigeon pea inoculated by arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/116/2011-pse ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 57 (No. 12) ◽

pp. 541-546 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

G. Qiao ◽

X.P. Wen ◽

L.F. Yu ◽

X.B. Ji

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Lipid Peroxides ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Pigeon Pea ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Am Symbiosis ◽

Osmotic Solute

  Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) has been rapidly grown in the drought-striken Karst regions of southwest China. Present research aimed to investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) on the drought tolerance of pigeon pea, as well as to elucidate the physiological responses of AM-colonized seedlings to the water deficit. As subjected to drought stress, AM symbiosis (AMD) highly led to the positive effects on root system, plant height and stem diameter. AMD demonstrated a remarkably higher chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance. The soluble sugar in AMD was significantly higher than that of the non-AM seedlings (NAMD), indicating the enhanced tolerance at least partially correlated with osmotic solute. Conversely, the proline (Pro) of AMD was lower, revealing the excessive Pro was not imperative for drought tolerance. After 30 days drought stress, AMD gave around a third less lipid peroxides than that of NAMD. Rather, the root activities of AMD were significantly higher than that of the latter after 10 days drought stress. Thereby, AM fungi might substantially elevate the tolerance to drought of pigeon pea, and the cumulative effects contributed to the enhanced tolerance. To date, this has been the first report concerning the enhancement of drought tolerance via AM colonization in this legume species.  

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi favor invasive Echinops sphaerocephalus when grown in competition with native Inula conyzae

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-77030-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Veronika Řezáčová ◽

Milan Řezáč ◽

Hana Gryndlerová ◽

Gail W. T. Wilson ◽

Tereza Michalová

Keyword(s):

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽

Native Plants ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Plant Invasions ◽

Soil Disturbance ◽

Mycorrhizal Networks ◽

The Family ◽

Globalized World

AbstractIn a globalized world, plant invasions are common challenges for native ecosystems. Although a considerable number of invasive plants form arbuscular mycorrhizae, interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and invasive and native plants are not well understood. In this study, we conducted a greenhouse experiment examining how AM fungi affect interactions of co-occurring plant species in the family Asteracea, invasive Echinops sphaerocephalus and native forb of central Europe Inula conyzae. The effects of initial soil disturbance, including the effect of intact or disturbed arbuscular mycorrhizal networks (CMNs), were examined. AM fungi supported the success of invasive E. sphaerocephalus in competition with native I. conyzae, regardless of the initial disturbance of CMNs. The presence of invasive E. sphaerocephalus decreased mycorrhizal colonization in I. conyzae, with a concomitant loss in mycorrhizal benefits. Our results confirm AM fungi represent one important mechanism of plant invasion for E. sphaerocephalus in semi-natural European grasslands.

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Determination of Lead and Cadmium in Foods by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry: II. Collaborative Study

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/65.4.978 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 978-986

Author(s):

Stephen G Capar ◽

Raymond J Gajan ◽

Elizabeth Madzsar ◽

Richard H Albert ◽

Marion Sanders ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽

Collaborative Study ◽

Stripping Voltammetry ◽

Green Beans ◽

Formula Milk ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

Anodic Stripping ◽

Food Commodities ◽

Cadmium And Lead ◽

High Level

Abstract A dry ash anodic stripping voltammetric method for determining lead and cadmium in foods was collaboratively studied by 20 laboratories. The food commodities studied were strained green beans, beef (baby food), fish (mackerel), infant formula (milk base), apple juice, and cereal (wheat farina). Each collaborator analyzed 3 commodities, each consisting of 2 duplicate lead and cadmium fortification levels, for a total of 4 samples for each commodity. The low fortification levels ranged from 0.03 to 0.08 ppm for cadmium and from 0.05 to 0.15 ppm for lead. The high fortification levels ranged from 0.12 to 0.28 ppm for cadmium and from 0.24 to 0.45 ppm for lead. Each commodity was analyzed by 10 collaborators. The average overall reproducibilities of the low level fortifications were 247c for lead and 21% for cadmium; for the high level fortifications, average overall reproducibilities were 18% for lead and 16% for cadmium. The average accuracies of the collaborative results as measured by comparison to reference values were 96 and 97% for cadmium and lead, respectively. This method has been adopted official first action.

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