Bacteriological and Cytological study For bronchial washes from lung cancer patients

The study included the collection of 75 bronchial wash samples from patients suspected to have lung cancer. These samples were subjected to a diagnostic cytological study to detect the dominant type of lung cancer. It was noticed that 33 patients proved to have a lung cancer out of 75 (44%) of these, 19 cases (57.6%)were diagnosed having Squamus cell carcinoma,7cases (21.21%) showed Adenocarcinoma ,6 cases (18.18%) were having small cell carcinoma while only one case (3.03%)was large cell carcinoma .Nearly 70% of cases were correlated with smokers .Bacteria were isolated from 53 patients in which 33 isolates were associated with the cancer cases while 20 of them from non infected patients. By using different morphological ,biochemical tests followed by api20 ,the bacterial isolates correlated with cancer were diagnosed and were characterized as 12 isolates (36.36%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,6 isolates (18.18%) were Klebsiella pneumoniae ,Pseudomonas fluorescence and Esherichia coli for each while only 3 isolates (9.09%)of Acinetobacter baumannii were isolated. Some of bacterial virulence factors were determined in which,24 isolates (72.7%) were capable of agglutinating red blood cells, 16 isolates (48.5%) had the ability to adhere to epithelial cells , in addition ,15 isolates (45.5%) proved to have capsule and 24 isolates(72.7%) gave a positive results in heamolysin test beside ,25 isolates (75.8%) were ß –Lactamase producers. The isolates were highly resisted Ampicillin, Amoxicillin and Cefotaxime while they were inhibited by low concentrations of Ciprofloxacin and Cefepime the 4th generation cephalosporins.

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Gender difference in susceptibility to smoking in Korean lung cancer patients having smoking habits

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.17158 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 17158-17158

Author(s):

J. Ryu ◽

H. Lee ◽

J. Cho ◽

S. Kwak ◽

H. Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Smoking Habits ◽

Carcinogenic Effect ◽

Lung Cancer Patients ◽

Susceptibility To Smoking

17158 Background: There were some controversies whether women were more or less susceptible to the carcinogenic effect of cigarette smoke and the decline of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) to pack-years compared to men. Methods: In this study, we included all lung cancer patients having smoking habits who was histologically diagnosed and performed pulmonary function testing at the time of diagnosis from September 2001 through December 2005. We estimated individual susceptibility to smoking using a formula (SI, susceptibility index) of (100% predicted FEV1)/pack-years. Results: Of 858 lung cancer patients, sex ratio (M/F) was 14.6 (803/55). Past smokers were in 236 (29.3%) for men, 11 (20.0%) for women. Most common hsitologic type was squamous cell carcinoma (477), adenocarcinoma (191), small cell carcinoma (147), adenosquamous cell carcinoma (14), large cell carcinoma (14), NSCLC cell type not specified (15). Pack-years were 41.3 ± 18.9 for men, 29.2 ± 20.4 for women (P = 0.000). FEV1 % was 78.7 ± 23.3 for men, 79.4 ± 22.9 for women (P = 0.832). As for SI, there were no differences between men (0.65 ± 1.1) and women (0.72 ± 1.6) (P = 0.688). Conclusions: Although lung cancer women having smoking habits showed lower pack-years, there were no gender differences in terms of FEV1 decline to cigarette smoking. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Combination chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.1985.3.11.1478 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 3 (11) ◽

pp. 1478-1485 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

D Osoba ◽

J J Rusthoven ◽

K A Turnbull ◽

W K Evans ◽

F A Shepherd

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Performance Status ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Small Cell ◽

Entire Group ◽

Small Cell Lung

Fifty-three patients with recurrent and advanced stage (III and IV) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated with a combination of bleomycin, etoposide (VP-16-213), and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (BEP). Forty-eight patients were appraisable for response. The response rates were 44% for the entire group, 57% in 30 patients with combined squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma, and 22% in 18 patients with adenocarcinoma (40%, 50%, and 19%, respectively, if patients not appraisable for response are included as nonresponders). The median survival time of patients with squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma was slightly longer than that of patients with adenocarcinoma (23 weeks v 19 weeks). Patients with responsive disease survived significantly longer (median, 34 weeks) than did patients with unresponsive disease (median, 16 weeks) (P = .001). In the entire group, the median survival time of patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 was better (23 weeks) than of those with a status of 2 or 3 (15 weeks), but this difference was not seen in the subgroup with squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma (24 weeks v 23 weeks, respectively). Thus, the performance status was not of prognostic value in the histologic subgroups experiencing the best response rate. There were two treatment-related deaths, but otherwise the toxicity of BEP was acceptable. Only four of the 119 treatment cycles were followed by fever even though there was significant neutropenia (0.5 X 10(9)/L) after 20 of 97 treatment cycles. The majority of patients receiving BEP experienced relief of cough, hemoptysis, pain, and fatigue associated with their disease. There was a good correlation between objective responses and palliation of symptoms. Thus, BEP offers good palliation, particularly for patients with squamous-cell and large-cell lung cancer.

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Lung Cancer - Part I

10.2310/im.1184 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jeffrey Crawford ◽

John Strickler

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Small Cell ◽

Small Cell Lung

In the United States, lung cancer is the second most common cancer, surpassed only by prostate cancer in men and breast cancer in women. But lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting for 29% and 26% of all cancer-related deaths in men and women, respectively. The four major pathologic cell types of lung cancer are small cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Because they have overlapping clinical behaviors and responses to treatment, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma are generally grouped together in the category of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This review discusses both NSCLC and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), including lung cancer in those who have never smoked, prevention of lung cancer, with sections on diagnosis, biomarkers, treatment, and supportive care. This review contains 7 figures, 10 tables, and 74 references. Keywords: lung cancer, mediastinoscopy, chemoradiotherapy, TNM staging system, pulmonary parenchyma, segmentectomy

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Lung Cancer - Part I

10.2310/fm.1184 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jeffrey Crawford ◽

John Strickler

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Small Cell ◽

Small Cell Lung

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Lung Cancer Part II

10.2310/im.1672 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jeffrey Crawford

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Small Cell ◽

Small Cell Lung

In the United States, lung cancer is the second most common cancer, surpassed only by prostate cancer in men and breast cancer in women. But lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting for 29% and 26% of all cancer-related deaths in men and women, respectively. The four major pathologic cell types of lung cancer are small cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Because they have overlapping clinical behaviors and responses to treatment, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma are generally grouped together in the category of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This review discusses treatment of both NSCLC and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). This review 2 figures, 19 tables, and 90 references. Keywords: lung cancer, mediastinoscopy, chemoradiotherapy, TNM staging system, pulmonary parenchyma, segmentectomy

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Clinical Characteristics and Surgery of Primary Lung Cancer in Younger Patients

Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals ◽

10.1177/021849230801600509 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 387-391 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yasunobu Funakoshi ◽

Shin-Ichi Takeda ◽

Yoshihisa Kadota ◽

Takashi Kusu ◽

Hajime Maeda

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Older Patients ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Early Stage ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Primary Lung Cancer ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Younger Patients

Controversy exists regarding the clinical characteristics, pathological findings, and prognosis of patients < 50 years of age with primary lung cancer. The medical records of 4,556 patients diagnosed with primary lung cancer between 1980 and 2004 were reviewed; of these, 305 were < 50 years old. Of 1,335 patients who were surgically treated, 122 were < 50 years old. Females were over-represented in the younger group. Younger patients had a significantly higher incidence of adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma, and a lower incidence of squamous cell carcinoma. The resectable rate in younger patients was significantly higher. Overall and among surgically treated patients, the survival rates of younger patients with stage 0-I disease were significantly better than those of older patients. Younger patients with early-stage primary lung cancer had a significantly better prognosis than older patients, although survival in the advanced stages was not significantly different.

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Introduction to Neoplasms of the Lung and Tracheobronchial Tree

Chest Imaging ◽

10.1093/med/9780199858064.003.0044 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 253-255

Author(s):

Melissa L. Rosado-de-Christenson

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Lung Neoplasm ◽

Pulmonary Nodules ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Cell Types ◽

Tracheobronchial Tree ◽

Pulmonary Neoplasms ◽

Lung Malignancy

The introduction to neoplasms of the lung and tracheobronchial tree addresses the different types of malignant and benign neoplasms of the lung. The most common primary lung neoplasm is lung cancer. It represents the most common cause of cancer mortality in American men and women. Lung cancer is comprised by four major cell types including adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma. Many patients with lung cancer are symptomatic at presentation and most present with advanced disease. Lung cancer has a variety of imaging manifestations including nodules, masses, post-obstructive atelectasis/pneumonia, intrathoracic lymphadenopathy, extrapulmonary involvement and/or metastatic disease. Carcinoid tumor is an uncommon primary lung malignancy that often affects the airways, but typically exhibits an indolent behavior. Benign pulmonary neoplasms are rare and include neoplasms of the lung and airways such as hamartoma and endobronchial mesenchymal neoplasms. Pulmonary metastases are probably the most common pulmonary neoplasms and usually manifest as multifocal pulmonary nodules and masses.

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Managing Severe Dysgeusia and Dysosmia in Lung Cancer Patients: A Systematic Scoping Review

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2021.774081 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Ana Sofia Spencer ◽

David da Silva Dias ◽

Manuel Luís Capelas ◽

Francisco Pimentel ◽

Teresa Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

English Language ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Pilot Trial ◽

Large Cell ◽

Small Cell ◽

Lung Cancer Patients ◽

Mesh Terms ◽

Taste And Smell

IntroductionLung cancer (LC) is highly prevalent worldwide, with elevated mortality. In this population, taste and smell alterations (TSAs) are frequent but overlooked symptoms. The absence of effective therapeutic strategies and evidence-based guidelines constrain TSAs’ early recognition, prevention and treatment (Tx), promoting cancer-related malnutrition and jeopardizing survival outcomes and quality of life.ObjectivesTo systematically review the literature on TSAs in LC patients, understand the physiopathology, identify potential preventive and Tx strategies and to further encourage research in this area.MethodsLiterature search on English language articles indexed to PubMed, CINALH, SCOPUS and Web of Science using MeSH terms “Lung neoplasms”,”Dysgeusia”, “Olfaction Disorders”, “Carcinoma, Small Cell”,”Carcinoma, Non- Small-Cell Lung “Adenocarcinoma of Lung”,”Carcinoma, Large Cell”, and non-MeSH terms “Parageusia”, “Altered Taste”, “Smell Disorder”, “Paraosmia”, “Dysosmia”,”Lung Cancer” and “Oat Cell Carcinoma”.ResultsThirty-four articles were reviewed. TSAs may follow the diagnosis of LC or develop during cancer Tx. The estimated prevalence of self-reported dysgeusia is 35-38% in treatment-naïve LC patients, and 35-69% in those undergoing Tx, based on studies involving LC patients only.One prospective pilot trial and 1 RCT demonstrated a clinically significant benefit in combining flavor enhancement, smell and taste training and individualized nutritional counselling; a systematic review, 1 RCT and 1 retrospective study favored using intravenous or oral zinc-based solutions (150mg 2-3 times a day) for the prevention and Tx of chemotherapy (CT) and radiotherapy (RT) -induced mucositis and subsequent dysgeusia.ConclusionsThis is the first review on dysgeusia and dysosmia in LC patients to our knowledge. We propose combining taste and smell training, personalized dietary counselling and flavor enhancement with oral zinc-based solutions (150mg, 2-3 times a day) during CT and/or RT in this population, in order to prevent and help ameliorate Tx-induced dysgeusia and mucositis. However due to study heterogeneity, the results should be interpreted with caution. Developing standardized TSA measurement tools and performing prospective randomized controlled trials to evaluate their effect are warranted.

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Large Cell Carcinoma Mimicking Non Resolving Pneumonia

Journal of Medicine ◽

10.3329/jom.v12i2.8423 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 166-169

Author(s):

Mohammad Ashik Imran Khan ◽

MD Titu Miah ◽

MD Shahriar Mahbub ◽

Ratan Das Gupta ◽

HAM Nazmul Ahasan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Chest Pain ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽

Young Lady ◽

Common Phenomenon ◽

Diagnostic Challenge

Fever, chest pain, cough in a young lady usually does not ring any alarm bell. We present here a case of a young lady who had typical symptoms of community acquired pneumonia who initially responded to regular antibiotics but later was investigated to have large cell carcinoma. Presentation of lung cancer as non-resolving pneumonia is not a very common phenomenon and diagnosis can present a diagnostic challenge to the clinician. Keyword: Non-resolving pneumonia, Young lady, Chest pain, fever, Large cell Carcinoma, Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v12i2.8423 JOM 2011; 12(2): 166-169

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EML4-ALK mutation in Austrian patients with NSCLC: A multicenter study.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e19093 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e19093-e19093

Author(s):

Maximilian J. Hochmair ◽

Ulrike Setinek ◽

Thomas Efstathiades ◽

Klaus Kirchbacher ◽

Andrea Mohn-Staudner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Fish Analysis ◽

Surgical Specimen ◽

Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽

Step Procedure ◽

Alk Positive ◽

Dual Colour

e19093 Background: EML4 (echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4) - ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) fusion-type tyrosine kinase, an oncoprotein found in a subgroup of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) predicts the response to ALK inhibitors. In general, AML4-ALK mutation is found in 2 to 7% of Caucasian patients with NSCLC and occurs more often in never and former smokers, adenocarcinomas, and younger, male patients. However, the frequency of EML4-ALK mutation in Austrian patients with NSCLC is unknown. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of EML4-ALK mutation in Austrian patients with NSCLC. Methods: From September 2011 to October 2012 tumour tissue from bronchoscopy, CT- and ultrasound guided biopsies and surgical specimen with histological type of adenocarcinoma and NSCLC NOS (Not Otherwise Specified) excluding squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma were analysed for EML4-ALK mutations from 4 hospitals in Austria with high expertise in the management of lung cancer. Mutation detection was performed with a two-step procedure. First an immunhistochemical staining was done (ALK confirm/Ventana) and further on positive cases were tested by ALK FISH (dual colour breakapart FISH/Abbott Vysis). Results: In total 639 patients were analysed. EML4-ALK positive immunohistochemical staining was found in 35 patients (5,48%). 14 of these patients (2,19%) showed positive ALK FISH analysis. Conclusions: Frequency of EML-ALK mutations in Austrian patients with NSCLC was similar to other Caucasian peers.

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