THE ROLE OF REGIONAL MEDIA IN THE PROMOTION OF REGIONAL LANGUAGES IN THE CONTEXT OF LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nailya Nurutdinova ◽  
Jamila Mustafina ◽  
Alina Ibragimova ◽  
Camila Gataullina
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Regional Languages

scholarly journals Geographical and social isolation drive the evolution of Austronesian languages

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243171
Author(s):  
Cecilia Padilla-Iglesias ◽  
Erik Gjesfjeld ◽  
Lucio Vinicius
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Cultural Group ◽  
Geographical Isolation ◽  
Austronesian Languages ◽  
New Words ◽  
Gain Loss

The origins of linguistic diversity remain controversial. Studies disagree on whether group features such as population size or social structure accelerate or decelerate linguistic differentiation. While some analyses of between-group factors highlight the role of geographical isolation and reduced linguistic exchange in differentiation, others suggest that linguistic divergence is driven primarily by warfare among neighbouring groups and the use of language as marker of group identity. Here we provide the first integrated test of the effects of five historical sociodemographic and geographic variables on three measures of linguistic diversification among 50 Austronesian languages: rates of word gain, loss and overall lexical turnover. We control for their shared evolutionary histories through a time-calibrated phylogenetic sister-pairs approach. Results show that languages spoken in larger communities create new words at a faster pace. Within-group conflict promotes linguistic differentiation by increasing word loss, while warfare hinders linguistic differentiation by decreasing both rates of word gain and loss. Finally, we show that geographical isolation is a strong driver of lexical evolution mainly due to a considerable drift-driven acceleration in rates of word loss. We conclude that the motor of extreme linguistic diversity in Austronesia may have been the dispersal of populations across relatively isolated islands, favouring strong cultural ties amongst societies instead of warfare and cultural group marking.

scholarly journals Multilingual practices in late medieval Swedish writing

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-252
Author(s):  
Steffen Höder
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Low German ◽  
Text Production ◽  
Old Swedish ◽  
Swedish Text ◽  
Regional Languages

Abstract Late medieval Sweden was a multilingual society. At least three languages ‐ namely Old Swedish, Low German, and Latin ‐ were in use, beside other regional languages. While the influence of Low German is easily detectable in all parts of the Swedish language system and has been investigated rather thoroughly from a historical sociolinguistic point of view (cf. Braunmüller 2004), the role of Latin has been rather marginalized in traditional Swedish language historiography, focusing on the earlier stages of Old Swedish, which are described as its classical form (cf. Pettersson 2005). Starting out as the language of religion, administration, diplomacy and, to some extent, trade, Latin was the dominant language of text production in Sweden until the 14th century, which saw Written Old Swedish gain some domains as well, resulting in a more balanced diglossic relation between the two languages. The emerging written variety of Swedish, however, was heavily influenced by the multilingual practices of scribes, in large part clerics who were used to using at least Swedish and Latin on a daily basis for a variety of communicative purposes (Höder 2010). These multilingual practices, ranging from ad hoc translations via code-switching to the application of Latin stylistic, textual, and syntactic norms in Swedish text production (Höder 2018), had a lasting impact on the later development of a Swedish proto-standard, and are still reflected in conservative text types today. This contribution approaches this development from a historical sociolinguistic and contact linguistic perspective, concentrating on the establishment of multilingual practices.

Linguistic Diversity in India’s Polity and Economy

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma K. Sonntag
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Economic Liberalization ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Electoral Participation ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Linguistic Dimension ◽  
Regional Languages

This chapter examines the linguistic dimension of the tension between India’s democratic politics and its liberalized economy. I argue that there is a divergence between languages used in the polity and languages used in the economy. In the polity, characterized by a semblance of empowerment through the electoral participation of the weaker sections of society, vernacular languages predominate. In contrast, the language of the economy in India, particularly since economic liberalization in 1991, tends to be English. It is in the economy that India’s class and caste chasm manifests itself linguistically: between the English-speaking elite and the vernacular-speaking masses. While the noted Indian economist, Deepak Nayyar, warns of an impending clash between the democratically empowered masses and the economically privileged elite, I suggest that in terms of language use India’s robust democracy may well trump market forces. And while linguists have warned that English as the language of the globalized marketplace can have dire consequences for linguistic diversity, I argue that India’s linguistic diversity, at least in terms of its major regional languages, remains impressive. In the case of India, I conclude, the spread of the language of globalization, English, as the language of the economy, is mediated by the languages used in India’s vibrant democracy.

Growing up Dalit in Bengal: Conversation with Manohar Mouli Biswas

CLEaR ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Mahuya Bhaumik ◽  
Jaydeep Sarangi
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Reading Public ◽  
Dalit Women ◽  
Regional Languages

Abstract This is an interview of Manohar Mouli Biswas, Bangla Dalit activist and writer, where he expresses his views about the identity of Dalit people and the historiography of caste in India. He further speaks about the uniqueness of Bangla Dalit literature, its similarities with Dalit writings in other Indian regional languages and the position of Dalit women writers. He is candid enough to speak about certain autobiographical elements that provided him with the impetus to be a Dalit writer. He further speaks about Dalit drama and its performances which is a marker of its acceptance amongst the viewers. He emphasises on the role of translation of Dalit literature to generate awareness among the larger reading public towards Dalit literature.

The Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Text Comprehension ◽  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
First Language ◽  
Grammatical Encoding ◽  
Current State

This handbook reviews the current state of the art in the field of psycholinguistics. Part I deals with language comprehension at the sublexical, lexical, and sentence and discourse levels. It explores concepts of speech representation and the search for universal speech segmentation mechanisms against a background of linguistic diversity and compares first language with second language segmentation. It also discusses visual word recognition, lexico-semantics, the different forms of lexical ambiguity, sentence comprehension, text comprehension, and language in deaf populations. Part II focuses on language production, with chapters covering topics such as word production and related processes based on evidence from aphasia, the major debates surrounding grammatical encoding. Part III considers various aspects of interaction and communication, including the role of gesture in language processing, approaches to the study of perspective-taking, and the interrelationships between language comprehension, emotion, and sociality. Part IV is concerned with language development and evolution, focusing on topics ranging from the development of prosodic phonology, the neurobiology of artificial grammar learning, and developmental dyslexia. The book concludes with Part V, which looks at methodological advances in psycholinguistic research, such as the use of intracranial electrophysiology in the area of language processing.

scholarly journals Microplanning and Language Policy in Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 103-113
Author(s):  
Aziz MOUMMOU
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Language Policy And Planning ◽  
Speech Communities ◽  
Local Practices ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Policy And Planning ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Newly Independent States

Language policy and planning (LPP) has undergone an epistemological turn. Early LPP works approached linguistic diversity as a problem; especially for the newly independent states, but in today’s globalized world, multilingualism is the norm. A major issue that characterizes contemporary LPP in Morocco and needs further investigation is the interaction between macro-policies and local practices. Most top down language policies face resistance from speech communities. The purpose of this paper is to illuminate the role of micro-planning and local agents in implementing a workable language policy. The aim is to reduce the gap between LPP research and local practices by using an ethnographic approach. Ruiz orientational model and Spolsky’s management theory provide a rich theoretical framework. Micro-planning can translate central policies into local practices.

scholarly journals براہوئی زبان نا شونداری ٹی میڈیا نا کردار

Al-Burz ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-130
Author(s):  
Qayyum Bedar
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Satellite Channels ◽  
Regional Languages

Electronic Media like Radio and Television is an effective tool of communication as for as the democratic or other modern societies are concerned. A Province like Balochistan where population is scattered and distances between human settlements are far away from each other, the pivotal role of distance electronic media cannot be ignored. now, with the emergence of satellite channels which are viewed in every nook and corner of the world, the overlapping of ideas, effects of one society to another and hegemony of stronger nations, their languages and civilizations can affect negatively to the weaker and smaller nations and there is need to counter and defuse the negative effects of these hegemonic designs, Balochistan has a multilingual and multi-cultural society; people speak different languages and have distinct cultural values, traditions, and taboos. As the language is a major source of interaction with each other, then it is necessary to develop and flourish each and every language which is spoken in Balochistan. The Baloch population may by at large, speak Balochi, Brahui and Sindhi languages. Dozens of newspapers, magazines and Electronic media like Radio, Television as well as social media played a vital role in promotion of Brahui       Apart from these as well as other regional languages.

Research Journals in Social Sciences

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Manjunatha ◽  
B.B. Chand
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Education Law ◽  
English Only ◽  
Regional Language ◽  
The Status ◽  
Regional Languages ◽  
Delivery Models

This chapter analyses the relevant aspects related to research journals and examines the growth and trends of social science research (SSR) journals; the status on access and delivery models of SSR journals; the role of institutions, associations, and commercial publishers in promoting SSR journals; and the quality and quantity of SSR journals in India. The study found that of the total 2131 journals analysed, about 84 per cent are published in English, only 9 per cent in English as well as in Hindi/regional languages together, and 7 per cent only in Hindi/regional languages. Analysis of 1992 journals published in English and English/Hindi/regional language(s) shows that over 40 per cent of these are in disciplines of economics and allied subjects. Education, law, and multidisciplinary themes take the majority of the remaining share.

Arthur K. Spears (ed.), Race and ideology: Language, symbolism, and popular culture. (African American Life Series.) Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1999. Pp. 242. Hb $39.95, pb $19.95.

2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-125
Author(s):  
Leela Tanikella
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Linguistic Relativity ◽  
State University ◽  
Racial Inequalities ◽  
Wayne State University ◽  
Introductory Textbooks ◽  
Racial Hierarchies ◽  
And Linguistics

Following a long tradition in anthropology and linguistics, introductory textbooks typically claim that all languages are equal and have an equal potential for communication and thought. The theoretical model posed in this anthology, as articulated by contributor Angela Gilliam, similarly suggests that “all languages are equal in terms of their expressive potential” (p. 84). However, editor Arthur K. Spears and the contributors aim to situate linguistic relativity within a framework of political, social, economic, and (most centrally) racial inequalities. The key theme of the collection is the centrality of politics, particularly what Spears terms “racial hierarchies of oppression” (13), in the study of language and linguistic diversity. As the contributors provide detailed historical, economic, and social frameworks for their studies, they demonstrate a claim made by Dell Hymes more than two decades ago that linguistic relativity “omits the costs and the constitutive role of social factors” (1973: 64). Thus, this edited volume challenges the tradition of claiming linguistic equality and demonstrates sociolinguistic inequality; it is part of a theoretical movement in this direction also exemplified by Zentella 1995, Hymes 1996, Schieffelin, Woolard & Kroskrity 1998, and Kroskrity 2000.

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