scholarly journals Effects of a compensatory dry-land training program on shoulder posture and scapular position of competitive female swimmers

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
João Paulo Sousa ◽  
João Malta ◽  
Ana Carrageta ◽  
Nuno Batalha
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Control Period ◽  
National Level ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Medial Border ◽  
Spinal Process ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Competitive Swimmers

Background: Competitive swimmers place a significant demand on the shoulder adductors and internal rotator muscles due to the repetitive nature of swimming movements.Objectives: To evaluate the effect of a compensatory dry-land training program on the shoulder posture and scapular position of competitive female swimmersMethod: 25 National Level female competitive swimmers received an 8-week intervention program focused on strengthening of posterior shoulder girdle muscles and stretching of anterior shoulder muscles. The study sample was exposed to a control period of 2 weeks and an intervention period of 8 weeks.Results: Significant differences were found after the intervention period, on both dominant and non-dominant sides, with respect to shoulder protraction (distance between the anterior aspect of the acromion to the wall – p < .05) and scapular abduction (distance between a medial line marked over the thoracic spinal process and the medial border of spina scapulae – p < .05; and distance between a medial line marked over the thoracic spinal process and the medial border of the spina scapulae – p < .05).Conclusions: The results revealed that the incorporation of a compensatory dry-land training program alongside a normal in-water training significantly reduced the distance of shoulder posture in protraction and scapular position in abduction.Key words: shoulder protraction, scapular abduction, dry-land training, swimming, female.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a low-value financial-incentive program for increasing vegetable-rich restaurant meal selection and reducing socioeconomic inequality: a cluster crossover trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Nagatomo ◽  
Junko Saito ◽  
Naoki Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Marginal Value ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
Proxy Measure

Abstract Background In light of recent theories in behavioural economics, an intervention program with monetary incentives could be effective for helping patrons order healthy food, even if the incentive is small and less than one’s perceived marginal value. Methods In this single-arm cluster crossover trial at 26 local restaurants, a 1-week campaign offered a 50-yen (approximately 0.5 US dollars) cash-back payment to customers ordering vegetable-rich meals, while no pre-order incentives were offered during the control period. Results In total, 511 respondents out of 7537 customers (6.8%), and 704 respondents out of 7826 customers (9.0%), ordered vegetable-rich meals during the control and intervention periods, respectively. During the intervention period, the covariate-adjusted proportion of vegetable-rich meal orders was 1.50 times higher (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29 to 1.75), which increased daily sales by 1.77 times (95% CI: 1.11 to 2.83), even when subtracting the cost of cash-back payments. Respondents who reported spending the least amount of money on eating out (used as a proxy measure for income) were the least likely to order vegetable-rich meals during the control period. However, these individuals increased their proportion of purchasing such meals during the intervention period (a 3.8 percentage point increase (95% CI: 2.82 to 4.76) among those spending the least vs a 2.1 percentage point increase (95% CI: 1.66 to 2.62) among those spending the most; P for interaction = 0.001). Similarly, irregular employees exhibited a larger increase (+ 5.2 percentage points, 95% CI: 4.54 to 5.76) than did regular workers (− 1.4, 95% CI: − 1.66 to − 1.05, P for interaction = 0.001). Conclusions A program with an immediate low-value monetary incentive could be a public health measure for reducing inequalities in making healthy food choices. Trial registration UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, UMIN000022396. Registered 21 May 2016.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of a Dry-Land Shoulder Rotators Strength Training Program in Injury Prevention in Competitive Swimmers

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno Batalha ◽  
Carlos Paixão ◽  
António José Silva ◽  
Mário J. Costa ◽  
John Mullen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Endurance Strength ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Muscle Balance ◽  
Daily Training ◽  
Competitive Swimmers

AbstractCompetitive swimmers usually undergo large mileage of daily training, in which propulsive force is produced mainly by the upper limbs. Some studies claim that dry-land shoulder rotators injury prevention programs before the in-water swim practice are paramount. However, the effect of shoulder strengthening prior to water training is unclear. This study aimed to analyse the acute effects of training programs conducted on dry land with the goal of preventing shoulder rotators injuries. A group of young swimmers (N = 23) was recruited to participate in this research. The peak torques of shoulder internal and external rotators were assessed before and after the completion of the compensatory strength training program. The isokinetic assessment was performed using two different protocols: 3 repetitions at 60⍛/s and 20 repetitions at 180⍛/s. Except for a trivial reduction in strength after the training program, there were no other significant differences in any of the studied variables (shoulders rotators endurance, strength and muscle balance). All results showed trivial to small effect sizes. Our findings suggest that a compensatory strength training program does not have a significant acute effect on the strength, endurance and muscle balance of shoulder rotators in young swimmers.

Abstract TP241: Race-ethnic Differentials Time and Acute Stroke Emergency Presentation: The ASPIRE Study

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette Boden-Albala ◽  
Dorothy F Edwards ◽  
Jeffrey J Wing ◽  
Shauna S Clair ◽  
Stephen Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Post Intervention

BACKGROUND: There is sparse data about the nature of race-ethnic disparities in the acute stroke setting including differentials in stroke preparedness. The aim of this analysis was to explore race-ethnic differentials in time to arrival for acute stroke in a racial and ethnically diverse urban setting. METHODS: ASPIRE is a multi-dimensional intervention program (community, hospital, and EMS) for acute stroke preparedness targeted to increase IV tPA utilization in underserved black communities in the DC metro area. We prospectively identified stroke admissions and EMS utilization including acute stroke arrival time parameters for the 6 month pre and post intervention periods. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine predictors of arrival time. Proportionality of the hazards was checked. RESULTS: In the 6 month pre-intervention period, data was collected on 943 stroke cases; 53% female; 74% black; mean age 67 yrs. Of the subjects from the pre-intervention period with arrival times less than 48 hrs, the median arrival time to the emergency department (ED) was 9 hours; 20% presented under 3 hours. In multivariable Cox PH models, subjects were 38% more likely to arrive earlier if they had arrived by EMS (HR: 1.38, 95%CI: 1.21-1.58). Black subjects were 25% less likely to arrive earlier (HR: 0.75, 95%CI: 0.60-0.93), but this effect was dampened over time (p=0.03). The model included the interaction between black race and time and adjusted for insurance status, risk factors (hypertension and diabetes), gender, age and prior stroke. Ina gender by race analysis, there was a trend towards black women being less likely to arrive earlier to the ED (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.6 -1.0). However, overall, there was no race-ethnic interaction with arrival by EMS. CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to the perceived perception by the community suggesting there is a disparity in EMS utilization by the black DC community, we found no overall significant racial difference in EMS utilization for acute stroke. While there was a trend towards delayed overall arrival in black females, this was independent of EMS utilization.

Implementing a national case-management training program in Portugal

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 555-555
Author(s):  
P. Mateus ◽  
M. Xavier ◽  
J. Caldas-Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Training Program ◽  
National Level ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
List Type ◽  
Program Content

IntroductionIn Portugal, a new National Mental Health Plan has been launched with the following objectives: equal access to care, decentralisation of mental health services and integration of mental health services in the general health services. In order to change the operational model for mental health teams, a case-management training program has been launched by the Ministry of Health.ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate: a)the feasibility of implementing the program on a national level,b)the quality of the training program andc)the satisfaction of the trainees.MethodsThe study was carried out at 36 public mental health services in mainland Portugal. The professionals attended a case management course (SAMHSA procedures), in which they were trained by means of guidelines, demonstrative audios, scenarios and role-playing. The assessment was conducted with a questionnaire addressing logistics, program content, acquisition of skills, usefulness and overall satisfaction.Results135 professionals from the whole country have been involved. The trainees’ acquisition of competences was found rather satisfactory. Results of the training were impressive regarding satisfaction and motivation of the trainees (69% were highly satisfied). Dimensions such as organization (35% highly satisfied, 52% satisfied), program content (41% highly satisfied, 43% satisfied), practical skills gaining (35% highly satisfied, 58% satisfied) and usefulness (58% highly satisfied, 31% satisfied) were also very well rated.ConclusionsOf upmost relevance, it was possible to implement a case management training program at a national level, with no particular difficulties. The impact of courses on trainees was overall impressive.

Effect of a Klamath algae product (“AFA-B12”) on blood levels of vitamin B12 and homocysteine in vegan subjects: a pilot study

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Baroni ◽  
Stefano Scoglio ◽  
Serena Benedetti ◽  
Chiara Bonetto ◽  
Silvia Pagliarani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Blood Concentration ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Vegan Diet ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Reliable Marker

Vitamin B12 is a critical nutrient that is often inadequate in a plant-based (vegan) diet, thus the inclusion of a reliable vitamin B12 source in a vegan diet is recommended as essential. Unfortunately, many natural sources of vitamin B12 have been proven to contain biologically inactive vitamin B12 analogues, inadequate for human supplementation. The aim of this non-randomized open trial was to determine whether supplementation with a natural Klamath algae-based product (“AFA-B12”, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae algae plus a proprietary mix of enzymes) could favorably affect the vitamin B12 status of a group of 15 vegan subjects. By assessing blood concentration of vitamin B12, folate, and more importantly homocysteine (Hcy, a reliable marker in vegans of their B12 absorption), the vitamin B12 status of the participants at the end of the 3-month intervention period, while receiving the Klamath-algae supplement (T2), was compared with their vitamin B12 status at the end of the 3-month control period (T1), when they were not receiving any supplement, having stopped taking their usual vitamin B12 supplement at the beginning of the study (T0). Compared to the control period, in the intervention period participants improved their vitamin B12 status, significantly reducing Hcy blood concentration (p=0.003). In conclusion, the Klamath algae product AFA-B12 appears to be, in a preliminary study, an adequate and reliable source of vitamin B12 in humans.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Resistance Training Frequencies on Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, and Handgrip Strength in Overweight and Obese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Francesco Campa ◽  
Pasqualino Maietta Latessa ◽  
Gianpiero Greco ◽  
Mario Mauro ◽  
Paolo Mazzuca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Training Frequency ◽  
Weekly Frequency

Background: Resistance training improves health in obese and overweight people. However, it is not clear what is the optimal weekly resistance training frequency and the most efficacious training protocol on body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, and handgrip strength (HS). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a supervised structured 24 week resistance training program on obese and overweight women. Methods: Forty-five women (BMI 37.1 ± 6.3 kg/m2; age 56.5 ± 0.7 years) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: A group with a high weekly training frequency of three times a week (HIGH) and a group that performed it only once a week (LOW). Cardiometabolic risk factors, anthropometric and HS measures were taken before and after the intervention period. Results: A significant (p < 0.05) group by time interaction was observed for body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, fat mass, plasma glucose, plasma insulin, homeostatic model assessment, and for dominant and absolute HS. Additionally, only the HIGH group saw increased HS and decreased total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol after the intervention period (p < 0.05). The observed increase in HS was associated with an improved insulin resistance sensitivity (absolute handgrip strength: r = −0.40, p = 0.007; relative handgrip strength: r = −0.47, p = 0.001) after training, which constitutes an essential element for cardiovascular health. Conclusions: The results suggest that high weekly frequency training give greater benefits for weight loss and cardiometabolic risk factors improvement than a training program with a training session of once a week. Furthermore, the improvement of HS can be achieved with a high weekly frequency training.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a mandatory phishing training program for high-risk employees at a US healthcare system

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J Gordon ◽  
Adam Wright ◽  
Robert J Glynn ◽  
Jigar Kadakia ◽  
Christina Mazzone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Hospital Employees ◽  
Mandatory Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective The study sought to understand the impact of a phishing training program on phishing click rates for employees at a single, anonymous US healthcare institution. Materials and Methods We stratified our population into 2 groups: offenders and nonoffenders. Offenders were defined as those that had clicked on at least 5 simulated phishing emails and nonoffenders were those that had not. We calculated click rates for offenders and nonoffenders, before and after a mandatory training program for offenders was implemented. Results A total of 5416 unique employees received all 20 campaigns during the intervention period; 772 clicked on at least 5 emails and were labeled offenders. Only 975 (17.9%) of our set clicked on 0 phishing emails over the course of the 20 campaigns; 3565 (65.3%) clicked on at least 2 emails. There was a decrease in click rates for each group over the 20 campaigns. The mandatory training program, initiated after campaign 15, did not have a substantial impact on click rates, and the offenders remained more likely to click on a phishing simulation. Discussion Phishing is a common threat vector against hospital employees and an important cybersecurity risk to healthcare systems. Our work suggests that, under simulation, employee click rates decrease with repeated simulation, but a mandatory training program targeted at high-risk employees did not meaningfully decrease the click rates of this population. Conclusions Employee phishing click rates decrease over time, but a mandatory training program for the highest-risk employees did not decrease click rates when compared with lower-risk employees.

Clinician education, advice and SMS/text reminders improve test of reinfection rates following diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae: before and after study in primary care

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Sally B Rose ◽  
Susan M Garrett ◽  
Deborah Hutchings ◽  
Kim Lund ◽  
Jane Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Clinician Education ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Time Periods

BackgroundEvidence-based guidelines for the management of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae recommend testing for reinfection 3–6 months following treatment, but retesting rates are typically low.MethodsParticipants included six primary care clinics taking part in a pilot study of strategies designed to improve partner notification, follow-up and testing for reinfection. Rates of retesting between 6 weeks and 6 months of a positive chlamydia or gonorrhoea diagnosis were compared across two time periods: (1) a historical control period (no systematic approach to retesting) and (2) during an intervention period involving clinician education, patient advice about reinfection risk reduction and retesting, and short messaging service/text reminders sent 2–3 months post-treatment inviting return for retesting. Retesting was calculated for demographic subgroups (reported with 95% CI).ResultsOverall 25.4% (61 of 240, 95% CI 20.0 to 31.4) were retested during the control period and 47.9% (116 of 242, 95% CI 43.2 to 55.1) during the intervention period. Retesting rates increased across most demographic groups, with at least twofold increases observed for men, those aged 20–29 years old, and Māori and Pasifika ethnic groups. No significant difference was observed in repeat positivity rates for the two time periods, 18% (11 of 61) retested positive during the control and 16.4% (19 of 116) during the intervention period (p>0.05).ConclusionsClinician and patient information about retesting and a more systematic approach to follow-up resulted in significant increases in proportions tested for reinfection within 6 months. These simple strategies could readily be implemented into primary healthcare settings to address low rates of retesting for bacterial sexually transmitted infections.Trial registration numberACTRN12616000837426.

Promoting morphological awareness in Hebrew-speaking grade-schoolers: An intervention study using linguistic humor

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorit Ravid ◽  
Vital Geiger
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Morphological Awareness ◽  
Literacy Acquisition ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Semitic Language ◽  
The Impact

Research indicates that morphological awareness contributes to success in literacy acquisition and consolidation, since morphology links together phonological and semantic facets of language. The role of morphology is especially important in Hebrew, a highly synthetic Semitic language. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of an intervention program on knowledge and awareness of morphology in Hebrew-speaking grade-schoolers. Two three-month intervention programs were conducted in two groups of 4th-grade children: a metalinguistic morphological intervention program using linguistic humor, and a parallel intervention program using nonverbal humor. A morphological awareness test was administered to the two groups prior to and following the intervention period. The results demonstrate consistent advantages to the morphological intervention group, including tasks related both directly and indirectly to content taught.

Qualitative evaluation of the Secondary 3 Training Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel T.L. Shek ◽  
Chitat Chan
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Training Workshop ◽  
Qualitative Analyses ◽  
Positive Evaluation

Abstract A total of 907 participants from 31 training workshops joined a 3-day training program of the P.A.T.H.S. Project (Secondary 3 Program) in Hong Kong. At the end of a training workshop, participants were invited to respond to a questionnaire assessing what they had learned and experienced in the training workshop, with 31 structured items and two open-ended questions. Qualitative analyses of the participants’ responses to the two open-ended questions showed that the participants generally had positive evaluation of the instructors, intervention program, and the training program, although some suggestions for improvements were noted. In conjunction with the quantitative evaluation findings and the previous evaluation findings, the present study provides support for the effectiveness of the training program for Secondary 3 Program for the potential program implementers.

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