Enhancing Operational Safety Through Mechanization and Intelligent Automation of Drill Floor Operations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Levison Mwansa ◽  
Esha Narendra Varma ◽  
Paul Grayson ◽  
Justin Norton ◽  
Daniel Webber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Repetitive Tasks ◽  
Operational Safety ◽  
Major Incidents ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Enhance Efficiency ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Machine Interaction ◽  
Safety And Environment

Abstract Our rig crews regularly work around structures that pose risks such as dropped objects and pinch points. HSE and operational performance is highly dependent on human performance. Human performance or human factors have resulted in a relatively high frequency of serious Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) incidents associated with tubular handling on ADNOC Onshore rigs. An example is the fatality on a rig in Abu Dhabi while preparing to run casing in February 2018. We believe we can prevent major incidents, enhance efficiency and reduce risk by removing our people from harm's way through mechanization and intelligent automation of drill floor activities. The objective of this work is to reduce the human factor as low as reasonably practicable through mechanization and intelligent automation of tubular handling operations on ADNOC Onshore rigs. An incident prevention workshop recommended a technology search to enable hands free operations and reduce the human to machine interaction as much as reasonably practicable. A quick market research and a "Go, See, Assess" exercise with ADNOC Shareholders revealed several potential offerings on the market. ADNOC Onshore collaborated with two major technology providers and jointly designed a mechanized set up for ADNOC Onshore land rigs. The solution involved the use of mechanized equipment such as Casing Running Tools complete with hydraulically actuated single joint elevators, hydraulic catwalk, automated power slips, remote operated tong system with supporting alignment systems, air operated elevators, remote operated stabber, etc. The solution was successfully implemented on multiple rigs. The mechanized set up reduced the number of people in the so called RED Zone by 50% (Stabber, Tong Operator, Thread Inspector and Floor man) during casing and completion running operations. Other benefits realized include: Reduced reliance on human performance Reduced risk of harm to people due to dropped objects and pinch points on the rig floor Assured consistency in executing repetitive tasks such as running casing, etc This level of mechanization and intelligent automation is a first in the ADNOC Group, represents a STEP CHANGE in operational safety and has transformed how we do our business, underpinning HSE as priority number one.

An Approach for Efficient CFD Simulations of an Ejector Air Injection System for Active Aerodynamic Compressor Stabilization

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Brehm ◽  
Felix Kern ◽  
Jonas Raub ◽  
Reinhard Niehuis
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Air Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Numerical Effort ◽  
Enhance Efficiency ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Novel Concept

The Institute of Jet Propulsion at the University of the German Federal Armed Forces Munich has developed and patented a novel concept of air injection systems for active aerodynamic stabilization of turbo compressors. This so-called Ejector Injection System (EIS) utilizes the ejector effect to enhance efficiency and impact of the aerodynamic stabilization of the Larzac 04 two-spool turbofan engine’s LPC. The EIS design manufactured recently has been subject to CFD and experimental pre-investigations in which the expected ejector effect performance has been proven and the CFD set-up has been validated. Subsequently, optimization of the EIS ejector geometry comes into focus in order to enhance its performance. In this context, CFD parameter studies on the influence of in total 16 geometric and several aerodynamic parameters on the ejector effect are required. However, the existing and validated CFD set-up of the EIS comprises not only the mainly axisymmetric ejector geometry but also the highly complex 3D supply components upstream of the ejector geometry. This is hindering large scale CFD parameter studies due to the numerical effort required for these full 3D CFD simulations. Therefore, an approach to exploit the overall axissymmetry of the ejector geometry is presented within this paper which reduces the numerical effort required for CFD simulations of the EIS by more than 90%. This approach is verified by means of both experimental results as well as CFD predictions of the full 3D set-up. The comprehensive verification data set contains wall pressure distributions and the mass flow rates involved at various Aerodynamic Operating Points (AOP). Furthermore, limitations of the approach are revealed concerning its suitability e.g. to judge the response of the attached compressor of future EIS designs concerning aerodynamic stability or cyclic loading.

Me and My VE, Part 5: Applications in Human Factors Research and Practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 2051-2055
Author(s):  
Randall Spain ◽  
Benjamin Goldberg ◽  
Jeffrey Hansberger ◽  
Tami Griffith ◽  
Jeremy Flynn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Human Factors Research

Recent advances in technology have made virtual environments, virtual reality, augmented reality, and simulations more affordable and accessible to researchers, companies, and the general public, which has led to many novel use cases and applications. A key objective of human factors research and practice is determining how these technology-rich applications can be designed and applied to improve human performance across a variety of contexts. This session will demonstrate some of the distinct and diverse uses of virtual environments and mixed reality environments in an alternative format. The session will begin with each demonstrator providing a brief overview of their virtual environment (VE) and a description of how it has been used to address a particular problem or research need. Following the description portion of the session, each VE will be set-up at a demonstration station in the room, and session attendees will be encouraged to directly interact with the virtual environment and ask demonstrators questions about their research and inquire about the effectiveness of using VE for research, training, and evaluation purposes. The overall objective of this alternative session is to increase the awareness of how human factors professionals use VE technologies and increase the awareness of the capabilities and limitations of VE in supporting the work of HF professionals.

scholarly journals Towards Mixed-Initiative Human–Robot Interaction: Assessment of Discriminative Physiological and Behavioral Features for Performance Prediction

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline P. C. Chanel ◽  
Raphaëlle N. Roy ◽  
Frédéric Dehais ◽  
Nicolas Drougard
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Artificial Agents ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Input Devices ◽  
Level Of Automation ◽  
Mixed Initiative ◽  
And Behavior

The design of human–robot interactions is a key challenge to optimize operational performance. A promising approach is to consider mixed-initiative interactions in which the tasks and authority of each human and artificial agents are dynamically defined according to their current abilities. An important issue for the implementation of mixed-initiative systems is to monitor human performance to dynamically drive task allocation between human and artificial agents (i.e., robots). We, therefore, designed an experimental scenario involving missions whereby participants had to cooperate with a robot to fight fires while facing hazards. Two levels of robot automation (manual vs. autonomous) were randomly manipulated to assess their impact on the participants’ performance across missions. Cardiac activity, eye-tracking, and participants’ actions on the user interface were collected. The participants performed differently to an extent that we could identify high and low score mission groups that also exhibited different behavioral, cardiac and ocular patterns. More specifically, our findings indicated that the higher level of automation could be beneficial to low-scoring participants but detrimental to high-scoring ones, and vice versa. In addition, inter-subject single-trial classification results showed that the studied behavioral and physiological features were relevant to predict mission performance. The highest average balanced accuracy (74%) was reached using the features extracted from all input devices. These results suggest that an adaptive HRI driving system, that would aim at maximizing performance, would be capable of analyzing such physiological and behavior markers online to further change the level of automation when it is relevant for the mission purpose.

Open to scrutiny: incident reporting and transparency in the NHS

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-83
Author(s):  
Suzette Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Management System ◽  
Improve Patient Safety ◽  
Incident Reporting ◽  
National Patient Safety Agency ◽  
National Patient ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
A Priority ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Improve Patient

The National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) has been set up to improve patient safety for all NHS patients, wherever they are treated. An important part of the work of the NPSA is to learn from incidents that are reported nationally to provide sound, representative guidance and recommendations to reduce risk and harm in healthcare. Incident reporting should not be seen as a management system but as a culture in which patient safety is a priority.

Passive Stability and Active Control in a Rhythmic Task

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 2633-2646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunlin Wei ◽  
Tjeerd M. H. Dijkstra ◽  
Dagmar Sternad
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Passive Control ◽  
Basin Of Attraction ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Passive Dynamics ◽  
Passive Stability ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Boundary Of Stability

Rhythmically bouncing a ball with a racket is a task that affords passively stable solutions as demonstrated by stability analyses of a mathematical model of the task. Passive stability implies that no active control is needed as errors die out without requiring corrective actions. Empirical results from human performance demonstrated that actors indeed exploit this passive dynamics in steady-state performance, thereby reducing computational demands of the task. The present study investigated the response to perturbations of different magnitudes designed on the basis of the model's basin of attraction. Humans performed the task in a virtual reality set-up with a haptic interface. Relaxation times of the performance errors showed significantly faster returns than predicted from the purely passive model, indicative of active error corrections. Systematic adaptations in the racket trajectories were a monotonic function of the perturbation magnitudes, indicating that active control was applied in proportion to the perturbation. These results did not indicate any sensitivity to the boundary of stability. Yet the influence of passive dynamics was also seen: the pattern of relaxation times in the major performance variable ball height was consistent with qualitative predictions derived from the basin of attraction and racket accelerations at contact were generally negative signaling use of passive stability. These findings suggest that the fast return back to steady state was assisted by passive properties of the task. It was concluded that actors used a blend of active and passive control for all sizes of perturbations.

scholarly journals Identify eight aspects of ergonomics to determine the improvement of human-machine interaction work (case studies in manufacturing industry)

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 04018
Author(s):  
Wahyu Susihono ◽  
Tania Anggi Saputri
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Machine Interaction

Manufacturing Industry is one of the industrial activities in Indonesia, manufacturing industry is an industry with main activities is to change raw materials, components, or other parts into goods which is according to company specifications standards. In the production floor, activity in the manufacturing industry, the workers have different job specifications with each other. Some works consist of human-machine interaction is found by the activity between workers and lathe machine, welding maching, milling machine, frais machine, and others. The manufacturing industry will increase its ability to serve a variety of better quality products caused by the desire or encouragement of the customers. In general, according to the increase of corporate targets, its also need improvement from the aspect of work performance. To obtain a description of the proposed improvement based on human performance, it is necessary to identify the eight aspects of ergonomics include the consumption of nutritionalfor workers (energy), muscle power, body posture, environment, time conditions, social conditions, information conditions, and human machine interaction. This research use cross sectional method approach that is research done at one time, no follw up, to find the correlation between independent variable (risk factor) with dependent variable (effect). The conclusion of this research is needed nutrition intake or nutrition to recover the workers, it is necessary to design facilities such as manufacturing aids to reduce the use of excess muscle or appropriate technology (TTG). After the application of TTG (Appropriate Technology) to reduce the excessive use of muscle to the workers, the company should provide the nutritional intake accordance with workload of employees in the manufacturing industry

Evaluation and Governance Design of Risk Factor of Debris Flow on Gunmaling

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 3151-3154
Author(s):  
Lei Nie ◽  
Li Na Xu ◽  
Yan Xin Yu
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Check Dam ◽  
Effect Measure ◽  
Gray Correlation ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Total Capacity ◽  
Set Up

Abstract: It is analyzed and obtained the result that the debris flow is currently in mature stage with medium risk and high occurrence through the gray correlation method of fractal research and effect measure of debris flow gully. Therefore, it is necessary to take corresponding governance measures. In this article, check dam is used as main preventive engineering measures to set up two check dams in the passing area of debris flow, with total capacity about 2800m3 and design reservoir capacity of flood once per 50 years. Construction of the check dam will effectively reduce risk of debris flow.

Policy-Oriented Jurisprudence and Human Rights Abuses in Internal Conflict: Toward a World Public Order of Human Dignity

1999 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siegfried Wiessner ◽  
Andrew R. Willard
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Truth Commissions ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Criminal Courts ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Civil Compensation ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Major Incidents ◽  
Set Up

Real problems, like the problem posed, are not amenable to simple solutions. Human rights abuses in internal conflicts usually have roots deep in history and the collective psyche of the individuals and groups involved. To prevent them, the certain prospect of a swift punitive reaction on the international plane might have a useful deterrent effect. But if a violent conflict or genocide is in progress, the expectation of punishment may not by itself be likely to end the conflict. Ironically, it may prolong the plight of the persecuted, since persecutors may conclude that they have no alternative but to fight to the bitter end to avoid the consequences of their misdeeds. To deal with major incidents of unauthorized coercion and violence, an amnesty for the violators might contribute to a lessening of the toll in blood of a particular ethnic or religious rage. But that, again, might be an incomplete reaction, since the victims of the atrocities committed will not find solace, satisfaction or rehabilitation. Nor will persons who may be pathologically violent be removed from circulation. Where society remains unreconciled, jarred, conflicted—in a state of continual animosity between warring families, clans or ethnic, religious or social groups—“cold” war might heat up and erupt at any time in the future even more violently than before. Thus, truth commissions have been established in various contexts at least to shine the light of searching inquiry on situations in which truth has always been the first casualty. Still, such agencies alone might not suffice to bring about social reconciliation and restoration. Neither might bodies set up to mete out justice in the form of civil compensation. International criminal courts may send a message to people elsewhere contemplating massive violations, but they may do nothing to reconstruct the civil society that has been disrupted.

Teaming with Technology at the TSA: An Examination of Trust in Automation’s Influence on Human Performance in Operational Environments

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 656-660
Author(s):  
Kristopher Korbelak ◽  
Jeffrey Dressel ◽  
Donald Tweedie ◽  
Whitney Wilson ◽  
Simone Erchov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Automated Systems ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
Transportation Security ◽  
Transportation Security Administration ◽  
Trust In Automation ◽  
Practical Implications

Automated systems are not only commonplace but a necessity to complete highly specialized tasks in many operational environments. Problems arise, however, when the automation is used injudiciously. Trust is known to influence how workers use and rely on automated systems, especially when the operational environment poses a great amount of complexity for the user. The environment in which most Transportation Security Administration (TSA) workers operate is characterized by complexity that often demands the use of automation to complete required tasks. The TSA aims to better understand the influence of trust in automation on operational performance to better support its mission and workforce. This paper will discuss the methods, findings, and practical implications gleaned from an examination of the role trust plays on human-automation interactions in the operational environment at TSA.

scholarly journals Automation of Flexible Migration Workflows

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-198
Author(s):  
Dirk Von Suchodoletz ◽  
Klaus Rechert ◽  
Randolph Welte ◽  
Maurice Van den Dobbelsteen ◽  
Bill Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Text Processing ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Migration Strategy ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
File Formats ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Digital Objects ◽  
Set Up ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Machine Interaction

Many digital preservation scenarios are based on the migration strategy, which itself is heavily tool-dependent. For popular, well-defined and often open file formats – e.g., digital images, such as PNG, GIF, JPEG – a wide range of tools exist. Migration workflows become more difficult with proprietary formats, as used by the several text processing applications becoming available in the last two decades. If a certain file format can not be rendered with actual software, emulation of the original environment remains a valid option. For instance, with the original Lotus AmiPro or Word Perfect, it is not a problem to save an object of this type in ASCII text or Rich Text Format. In specific environments, it is even possible to send the file to a virtual printer, thereby producing a PDF as a migration output. Such manual migration tasks typically involve human interaction, which may be feasible for a small number of objects, but not for larger batches of files.We propose a novel approach using a software-operated VNC abstraction layer in order to replace humans with machine interaction. Emulators or virtualization tools equipped with a VNC interface are very well suited for this approach. But screen, keyboard and mouse interaction is just part of the setup. Furthermore, digital objects need to be transferred into the original environment in order to be extracted after processing. Nevertheless, the complexity of the new generation of migration services is quickly rising; a preservation workflow is now comprised not only of the migration tool itself, but of a complete software and virtual hardware stack with recorded workflows linked to every supported migration scenario. Thus the requirements of OAIS management must include proper software archiving, emulator selection, system image and recording handling. The concept of view-paths could help either to automatically determine the proper pre-configured virtual environment or to set up system images for certain migration workflows. View-paths may rise in demand, as the generation of PDF output files from Word Perfect input could be cached as pre-fabricated emulator system images. The current groundwork provides several possible optimizations, such as using the automation features of the original environments.

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