scholarly journals Mortality of site-specific cancer in patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwei Ni ◽  
Yuming Long ◽  
Xuya Yuan ◽  
Jianhao Xu ◽  
Jialong Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Male Patients

Abstract Background: Numerous studies have reported contradicting results on the relationship between cancer mortality and schizophrenia. Our aim is to quantify the mortality rate of common site-specific cancers among patients with schizophrenia and to synthesize the available research evidence. Method: We performed a systemic search of the PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases. Studies reporting the mortality rate of different cancer in patients with schizophrenia were included. A random-effects model was applied to calculate the pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). Results: Seven studies consisting of a total of 1,162,971 participants with schizophrenia were included in this meta-analysis. Data regarding mortality risk of breast, colon, lung and prostate cancer among schizophrenia patients were subjected to quantitative analysis. Pooled results showed significant increases in mortality risk of breast cancer (RR = 1.97, 95%CI 1.38–2.83), lung cancer (RR = 1.93, 95%CI 1.46–2.54) and colon cancer (RR = 1.69, 95%CI 1.60–1.80) in patients with schizophrenia compared with those in the general population or control group. The mortality risk of prostate cancer increased in male patients, although no significant difference was detected (RR = 1.58, 95% CI 0.79–3.15). Increased risks of mortality from lung and colon cancer were observed in female patients (RR = 2.49, 95%CI 2.40–2.59 and RR = 2.42, 95%CI 1.39–4.22, respectively) and elevated risks of mortality from lung and colon cancer in male patients (RR = 2.40, 95%CI 2.30–2.50 and RR = 1.90, 95%CI 1.71–2.11, respectively) were detected. Conclusions: Individuals with schizophrenia have a significantly high risk of mortality from breast, colon, and lung cancer and a high risk of mortality from prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Mortality of site-specific cancer in patients with schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwei Ni ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
Yuming Long ◽  
Jialong Tao ◽  
Jianhao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Patients

Abstract Background Numerous studies have reported contradicting results on the relationship between cancer mortality and schizophrenia. Our aim is to quantify the mortality rate of common site-specific cancers among patients with schizophrenia and to synthesize the available research evidence. Methods We performed a systemic search of the PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases. Studies reporting the mortality rate of different cancer in patients with schizophrenia were included. A random-effects model was applied to calculate the pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). Results Seven studies consisting of 1,162,971 participants with schizophrenia were included in this meta-analysis. Data regarding mortality risk of breast, colon, lung and prostate cancer among schizophrenia patients were subjected to quantitative analysis. Pooled results showed significant increases in mortality risk of breast cancer (RR = 1.97, 95%CI 1.38–2.83), lung cancer (RR = 1.93, 95%CI 1.46–2.54) and colon cancer (RR = 1.69, 95%CI 1.60–1.80) in patients with schizophrenia compared with those in the general population or control group. The mortality risk of prostate cancer increased in male patients, although no significant difference was detected (RR = 1.58, 95% CI 0.79–3.15). Increased risks of mortality from lung and colon cancer were observed in female patients (RR = 2.49, 95%CI 2.40–2.59 and RR = 2.42, 95%CI 1.39–4.22, respectively) and elevated risks of mortality from lung and colon cancer in male patients (RR = 2.40, 95%CI 2.30–2.50 and RR = 1.90, 95%CI 1.71–2.11, respectively) were detected. Conclusions Individuals with schizophrenia have a significantly high risk of mortality from breast, colon, and lung cancer.

scholarly journals Mortality of site-specific cancer in patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwei Ni ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
Yuming Long ◽  
Xuya Yuan ◽  
Jianhao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Patients

Abstract Background: Numerous studies have reported contradicting results on the relationship between cancer mortality and schizophrenia. Our aim is to quantify the mortality rate of common site-specific cancers among patients with schizophrenia and to synthesize the available research evidence. Method: We performed a systemic search of the PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases. Studies reporting the mortality rate of different cancer in patients with schizophrenia were included. A random-effects model was applied to calculate the pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). Results: Seven studies consisting of a total of 1,162,971 participants with schizophrenia were included in this meta-analysis. Data regarding mortality risk of breast, colon, lung and prostate cancer among schizophrenia patients were subjected to quantitative analysis. Pooled results showed significant increases in mortality risk of breast cancer (RR = 1.97, 95%CI 1.38–2.83), lung cancer (RR = 1.93, 95%CI 1.46–2.54) and colon cancer (RR = 1.69, 95%CI 1.60–1.80) in patients with schizophrenia compared with those in the general population or control group. The mortality risk of prostate cancer increased in male patients, although no significant difference was detected (RR = 1.58, 95% CI 0.79–3.15). Increased risks of mortality from lung and colon cancer were observed in female patients (RR = 2.49, 95%CI 2.40–2.59 and RR = 2.42, 95%CI 1.39–4.22, respectively) and elevated risks of mortality from lung and colon cancer in male patients (RR = 2.40, 95%CI 2.30–2.50 and RR = 1.90, 95%CI 1.71–2.11, respectively) were detected. Conclusions: Individuals with schizophrenia have a significantly high risk of mortality from breast, colon, and lung cancer.

scholarly journals Mortality of site-specific cancer in patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwei Ni ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
Yuming Long ◽  
Jialong Tao ◽  
Jianhao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Patients

Abstract Background: Numerous studies have reported contradicting results on the relationship between cancer mortality and schizophrenia. Our aim is to quantify the mortality rate of common site-specific cancers among patients with schizophrenia and to synthesize the available research evidence. Method: We performed a systemic search of the PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases. Studies reporting the mortality rate of different cancer in patients with schizophrenia were included. A random-effects model was applied to calculate the pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). Results: Seven studies consisting of a total of 1,162,971 participants with schizophrenia were included in this meta-analysis. Data regarding mortality risk of breast, colon, lung and prostate cancer among schizophrenia patients were subjected to quantitative analysis. Pooled results showed significant increases in mortality risk of breast cancer (RR = 1.97, 95%CI 1.38–2.83), lung cancer (RR = 1.93, 95%CI 1.46–2.54) and colon cancer (RR = 1.69, 95%CI 1.60–1.80) in patients with schizophrenia compared with those in the general population or control group. The mortality risk of prostate cancer increased in male patients, although no significant difference was detected (RR = 1.58, 95% CI 0.79–3.15). Increased risks of mortality from lung and colon cancer were observed in female patients (RR = 2.49, 95%CI 2.40–2.59 and RR = 2.42, 95%CI 1.39–4.22, respectively) and elevated risks of mortality from lung and colon cancer in male patients (RR = 2.40, 95%CI 2.30–2.50 and RR = 1.90, 95%CI 1.71–2.11, respectively) were detected. Conclusions: Individuals with schizophrenia have a significantly high risk of mortality from breast, colon, and lung cancer.

BMI, long-term changes in BMI, and risk of cancer mortality in a large cohort study.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1502-1502
Author(s):  
Niloofar Taghizadeh ◽  
Judith M. Vonk ◽  
H. Marike Boezen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Prostate Cancer Mortality ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Cancer Mortality Risk

1502 Background: There are indications of an association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and risk of different cancer types. There is dispute whether this association differs between males and females. Methods: We studied the association of BMI at the first survey with risk of mortality from the most common types of cancer (lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancer) in a large general population-based cohort study (Vlagtwedde-Vlaardingen, 1965-1990) with follow-up on mortality status until 2009. Additionally, we assessed this association based on tertiles of the annual change in BMI (defined as the difference between BMI at last survey and first survey divided by the time between last and first survey). We used 3 categories of BMI (< 25 kg/m2, 25-30 kg/m2, and ≥ 30 kg/m2) and changes in BMI (< 0.02 kg/m2/yr, 0.02-0.2 kg/m2/yr, and > 0.2 kg/m2/yr) in the analyses. The multivariate Cox regression model was adjusted for age, smoking, gender. Analyses were additionally stratified by gender and smoking. Results: Among all 8645 subjects, 1194 died due to cancer (lung cancer: 275; colorectal cancer: 134; breast cancer: 117; prostate cancer: 83). Mortality from all types of cancer was significantly increased in subjects with BMI > 30 kg/m2 (HR (95 % CI)) = 1.22 (1.00-1.48)), especially in females (1.38 (1.06-1.81)) and in never smokers (1.39 (1.02-1.90)). Prostate cancer mortality was significantly increased in males with BMI 25-30 kg/m2 (2.04 (1.90-3.83)) and > 30 kg/m2 (2.61 (1.02-6.67)). This association between prostate cancer mortality and BMI was higher in smokers. Lung cancer mortality risk was decreased in subjects with BMI 25-30 kg/m2 (0.71 (0.54-0.93)) and > 30 kg/m2 (0.82 (0.50-1.32)), especially in males, in smokers, and in smoking males. There were no significant associations between BMI and colorectal or breast cancer mortality nor between change in BMI and mortality from all analyzed types of cancer. Conclusions: We show that an increase in BMI is associated with an increased risk of mortality from all types of cancer in females and with an increased mortality risk from prostate cancer in males but with a decreased lung cancer mortality risk, especially in males. More research is needed into the biological mechanisms that link BMI to cancer.

scholarly journals Hypofractionated radiotherapy versus conventional radiotherapy in patients with intermediate- to high-risk localized prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

BMC Cancer ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Guo ◽  
Yun-Chuan Sun ◽  
Jian-Qiang Bi ◽  
Xin-Ying He ◽  
Li Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Localized Prostate Cancer ◽  
Hypofractionated Radiotherapy ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Conventional Radiotherapy ◽  
Results Of Treatment

Abstract Background Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. The results of treatment after hypofractionated radiotherapy only have been reported from several small randomized clinical trials. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to compare clinical outcomes of hypofractionated radiotherapy versus conventional radiotherapy in the treatment of intermediate- to high-risk localized prostate cancer. Methods Relevant studies were identified through searching related databases till August 2018. Hazard ratio (HR) or risk ratio (RR) with its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was used as pooled statistics for all analyses. Results The meta-analysis results showed that overall survival (HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.93–1.35, p = 0.219) and prostate cancer-specific survival (HR = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.42–3.95, p = 0.661) were similar in two groups. The pooled data showed that biochemical failure was RR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.76–1.07, p = 0.248. The incidence of acute adverse gastrointestinal events (grade ≥ 2) was higher in the hypofractionated radiotherapy (RR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.12–2.56, p = 0.012); conversely, for late grade ≥ 2 gastrointestinal adverse events, a significant increase in the conventional radiotherapy was found (RR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.61–0.91, p = 0.003). Acute (RR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.89–1.15, p = 0.894) and late (RR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.86–1.10, p = 0.692) genitourinary adverse events (grade ≥ 2) were similar for both treatment groups. Conclusion Results suggest that the efficacy and risk for adverse events are comparable for hypofractionated radiotherapy and conventional radiotherapy in the treatment of intermediate- to high-risk localized prostate cancer.

scholarly journals The association of POLR2E rs3787016 polymorphism and cancer risk: a Chinese case–control study and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bifeng Chen ◽  
Shang Wang ◽  
Guangxin Ma ◽  
Jin Han ◽  
Jingli Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Control Study

How single nucleotide polymorphisms in long non-coding RNAs are involved in cancer susceptibility remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that polymerase II polypeptide E (POLR2E) rs3787016 polymorphism, identified in a genome-wide association study of prostate cancer, might be a common genetic risk factor for cancer risk. To address this issue, we here conducted a case–control study to investigate the association of POLR2E rs3787016 polymorphism with risk of liver and lung cancer (including 800 normal controls, 480 liver cancer patients, and 550 lung cancer patients), followed by a meta-analysis. The genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and confirmed by sequencing. Although no significant association was found for rs3787016 with risk of liver or lung cancer, the further stratified analysis identified that rs3787016 contributed to liver cancer risk particularly for over than 60 years individuals who drink. Moreover, the meta-analysis demonstrated that rs3787016 was associated with overall cancer risk and prostate cancer risk. Collectively, the POLR2E rs3787016 polymorphism may be a valuable biomarker for cancer predisposition.

Indications and Parameters Around Postoperative Radiation Therapy for Lung Cancer

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonin Levy ◽  
Olaf Mercier ◽  
Cécile Le Péchoux
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Postoperative Radiation ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Postoperative Radiation Therapy

Patients with locally advanced resected non–small-cell lung cancer present a high risk of relapse. Although adjuvant platinum–based chemotherapy has become the standard of care, the role of postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) has been controversial for years. In patients with incomplete resection, PORT should be proposed, on the basis of a strong consensus, despite the absence of randomized evidence. In patients with completely resected (R0) non–small-cell lung cancer, a meta-analysis showed poorer outcomes after PORT in the absence of mediastinal involvement (pN0 and pN1). In patients with pN2, the role of PORT was less clear and required further research. The meta-analysis included trials using older radiation techniques and poorer quality of surgery according to today's standards, and selection of patients was not positron emission tomography–based. Newer retrospective and nonrandomized studies and subgroup analyses of randomized trials evaluating adjuvant chemotherapy suggested a survival benefit of PORT in patients with pN2 R0. Two recent randomized trials (Lung ART and PORT-C) evaluating conformal PORT versus no PORT retrieved no disease-free survival advantage for stage IIIA-N2 patients, even if mediastinal relapse was significantly decreased with PORT. PORT had no effect on survival, possibly given the high rate of distant relapse and risk of additional cardiopulmonary toxicity. Ongoing and future analyses are planned in Lung ART to identify patients for whom PORT could be recommended. Incorporation of newer systemic treatments (immune checkpoint inhibitors or targeted therapy in oncogene-addicted patients) is underway in the neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant setting. Better identification of patients at a high risk of disease recurrence, with analysis of circulating tumor DNA, on the basis of the detection of postsurgical minimal (or molecular) residual disease is warranted in future studies.

scholarly journals Aspirin Exposure and Mortality Risk among Prostate Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai lai Fan ◽  
Cheng Peng Xie ◽  
Yi Ming Wu ◽  
Xi jie Gu ◽  
Ying he Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Frequency Response ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Dose Frequency ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cancer Specific Mortality ◽  
Random Effect Models

Background. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the ninth most common cause of cancer death globally. Many studies have investigated aspirin exposure and mortality risk among PCa patients, returning inconsistent results. We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to explore the association between aspirin exposure and mortality risk among PCa patients and to investigate potential dose/duration/frequency-response relationships. Methods and Results. Studies published from 1980 to 2018 of PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched. We included 14 studies with 110,000 participants. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were pooled using random-effect models. Potential dose/duration/frequency-response relationships were evaluated for aspirin exposure and prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) risk. We did not detect an association between the highest aspirin exposure and mortality risk (PCSM of prediagnostic aspirin exposure, OR: 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87-1. 07, I2 = 0%; PCSM of postdiagnostic aspirin exposure, OR:0.92, 95% CI: 0.77-1.10, I2 = 56.9%; all-cause mortality [ACM] of prediagnostic aspirin exposure, OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.88-1.04, I2 = 9.4%; ACM of postdiagnostic aspirin exposure, OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.73-1.23, I2 = 88.9%). There was no significant dose/frequency-response association observed for aspirin exposure and PCSM risk. On duration-response analysis, we found that short-term postdiagnostic aspirin exposure (shorter than 2.5 years) increased the risk of PCSM. Conclusions. Our meta-analysis suggests that there is no association between aspirin exposure and PCSM risk. Nor is there an association between the highest aspirin exposure and ACM risk among PCa patients. More studies are needed for a further dose/duration/frequency-response meta-analysis.

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