Socio-Demographic, Economic and Clinical predictors of HAART Adherence Competence for HIV Positive adults at Felege Hiwot Teaching and Specialized Hospital, North West Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awoke Seyoum Tegegne
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Haart Adherence ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Hiv Positive Adults

Abstract Background : Currently, around 36.7 million people in the world are living with HIV. Among these, 52% are living in sub-Saharan African. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has played an important role in improving the prognosis and quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients, and in reducing the rate of disease progression and death. Several previous researches on factors affecting HAART adherence competence had controversies. As far as the author’s knowledge concerned, no research had been conducted on longitudinal HAART adherence competence in the study area. The main objective of this study was to identify Socio-demographic and Clinical factors associated with HAART adherence competence in successive visits among adult HIV patients after commencement of HAART. Methods : A retrospective cohort study on 792 HAART attendants was conducted to analyze the current study for HIV positive adults who had a minimum of two clinical visits. Secondary data were employed to examine Socio-demographic, economic, individual and clinical factors affecting the variable of interest overtime among HAART users. The Structural Equation modeling (SEM) was applied to identify predictors of HAART adherence competence over time. Results : In this longitudinal study, factors affecting long-term HAART adherence competence in successive visits had been identified. Socio-demographic factors (like Marital status, level of disclosure of the disease, residence area, education, economic factors (owner ship of cell phone, household income), individual factors (age, sex, weight) and clinical factors (CD4 cell count, WHO stages), directly associated with retention of HAART medication care. On the other hand, HAART medication care was significantly and independently associated with the longitudinal HAART adherence competence. Conclusion : The HAART adherence competence in successive visits increased with the number of follow-up visits, but the rate of increase was different for different groups such as male & female, urban & rural, and disclosing & hiding the disease to family members. An integrated health related education should be given for poor adherent patients like rural residents, males, patients living without partners, patients with no cell phone and aged patients.

scholarly journals Socio-Demographic and Clinical Predictor Variables on CD4 Cell Count Change among HIV Positive adults; a Structural Equations Modelling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awoke Seyoum ◽  
Principal Ndlovu Ndlovu ◽  
Temesgen Zewotire Zewotire
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Hiv Positive Adults ◽  
Cd4 Cell ◽  
Count Change ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count Change

Abstract Background: The prevalence of HIV/AIDS among adult individuals has been increasing in Sub-Sahara African countries over the last decade. In Ethiopia , the prevalence of HIV among adults was 1%. Hence, 23, 000 people were newly infected with HIV and 11,000 people were died because of AIDS related illness in 2018. The purpose of this study was to identify the most significant socio-demographic, economic, individual and clinical determinants of CD4 cell count change in HIV positive adults who initiated HAART at Felege Hiwot Teaching and Specialized Hospital, North-West Ethiopia. Methods: A secondary and retrospective study design was conducted on 792 HIV positive adults. A structural equation modeling was employed to identify the socio-demographic and clinical covariates that have a statistically significant effect on the status of CD4 cell count change. Results: Literate patients, patients living with partner, patients living in urban area, patients disclosed the disease to family members, high income , ownership of cell, age and sex (male) were statistically significant variables. Conclusion: There was direct relation between socio-demographic variables with retention of HIV positive individuals in HAART program. There was also a direct and significant effect of clinical variables on adherence competence and adherence on CD4 cell change. Retention of patients in the HAART program had direct and significant effect on CD4 cell count change. This finding will be important for policy makers, health officials and for patients to easier access to healthcare service. Keywords: Socio-demographic, clinical factors, individual characteristics, Structural equation, CD4count change

Factors Affecting the Use and Consequences of Management Accounting Practices in A Transitional Economy: The Case of Vietnam

2016 ◽  
pp. 54-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh Doan Ngoc Phi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Transitional Economy ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Enterprise Performance ◽  
Factors Affecting

This study seeks to help fill an important gap in the literature by investigating factors that have facilitated the use of management accounting practices (MAPs) in Vietnam - a transitional economy. Data were collected from 220 medium-to-large enterprises. Follow-up interviews were conducted with 20 accounting heads/vice heads to obtain further information and clarification. The quantitative data collected was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics (including t-tests and structural equation modeling), while the qualitative data was used to shed further light on the various relationships described by the quantitative analysis. This paper reveals that both decentralization and competition have a positive, significant influence on the use of new MAPs except for the old ones. Consequently, the use of MAPs has a positive, significant influence on enterprise performance.

Consumer behaviour towards willingness to pay for Halal products

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 492-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar Ahmed ◽  
Arsalan Najmi ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Faizan ◽  
Shaharyar Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Muslim Country ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to empirically analyze the factors affecting Muslim consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for Halal food, products and operations by employing theory of reasoned action.Design/methodology/approachThis study has used quantitative research methodology and collected data from 350 questionnaires from a densely populated city of Pakistan. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.FindingsThe results show that the concerns about Halal, religiosity, perception of usefulness of Halal and product ingredients have a significant impact on WTP for Halal foods, while attitude has an insignificant impact on WTP. Moreover, the extent of demand for Halal certification is significantly affected by WTP.Originality/valueThe study highlighted the concerns of the Muslim consumers with respect to Halalness of the products and operations despite living in a Muslim country. It is recommended that the policy makers, food authorities and health institutions should conduct regular inspections of foods, products and producers’/manufacturers’ operations to ensure that all the procedures from manufacturing of the raw material till the finished goods follow Islamic principles to make them completely Halal.

scholarly journals The Identification of Factors Affecting the Use of Pressurized Irrigation Systems by Farmers in Iran

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Momvandi ◽  
Maryam Omidi Najafabadi ◽  
Jamal Hosseini ◽  
Farhad Lashgarara
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pressurized Irrigation

Climate change and water scarcity are the most important challenges of the agricultural sector, and pressurized irrigation systems (PISs) are one of the most significant ways to improve agricultural water productivity. The main purpose of this research was to identify the factors affecting the use of PISs by farmers. The statistical research population was a total of 2396 Iranian model farmers. The Cochran formula was used to determine the number of statistical samples. Accordingly, this comprised 331 people. The methodology of the study was mixed method research. The structural equation modeling technique, Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that the personal characteristics, tendency, attitude, self-efficacy, subjective norms, governmental support, environmental tensions, and technological features were the most important factors which influenced the farmers. It was found that all of these variables had a positive and significant relationship with the using of PISs by farmers, and they were able to predict 52% of the behavioral changes (R2) of the farmers. Among these variables, the attitude, with a path coefficient (β) of 0.48, had the highest impact on the using of PISs by the farmers.

scholarly journals Women’s self-care behavior and its relationship with social capital in Yazd, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamideh Shiri-Mohammadabad ◽  
Seyed Alireza Afshani
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City ◽  
Care Behavior

Abstract Background Research on factors affecting self-care is scarce. The social factors, in particular, have not been yet investigated in Iran. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between self-care and social capital among women. Methods The participants were 737 women who were living in the marginal, middle and upper areas in the city of Yazd, Iran. Data were collected using a researcher-made self-care questionnaire and Harper’s (Off Natl Stat 11:2019, 2019) Social Capital Scale. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling by SPSS and Amos v24. Results The results showed that the social capital had significant positive effects on the general self-care behavior of the participants (β = 0.56, p < 0.001). It also had significant positive effects on the self-care behavior of women living in the marginal (β = 0.58), middle (β = 0.49) and upper (β = 0.62) parts of the city (p < 0.001). Besides, the women living in the marginal parts had relatively lower levels of self-care compared to those living in the middle and upper parts of the city. The examination of the fit indices indicated that the model has a good fit (CMIN/DF = 2.087, NFI = 0.921, RMSEA = 0.027, CFI = 0.956, TLI = 0.940, GFI = 0.956, IFI = 0.957). Conclusion The findings of this study demonstrated that social capital has significant positive effects on the general self-care behavior of women. Therefore, improving their self-care can be achieved through promoting their social capital.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC EXPECTATION, SOCIAL CAPITAL AND HOPE ON MIGRATION REQUEST AND ACTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Şerafettin KELEŞ
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Migration Decision ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

In this study, the factors affecting the request and action of migration are examined with empirical method within the scope of neoclassical economic theories and behavioral economic thought. A survey of a selected sample was analyzed with structural equation modeling. There was a linear relationship between migration and economic expectation, social capital and hope. It was found that the Economic Expectation Variable had a very strong negative effect on individuals' decision to immigrate and desire to migrate (γ = -0.99; t = -17.87). Hope variable has a very strong negative effect on individuals' migration decision and desire to migrate (γ = -0.96; t = -13.66). The Social Capital Secret Variable has a negatively moderate effect on individuals' decision to immigrate and desire to migrate (γ = -0.48; t = -8.19). It was seen that economic and political conjuncture was effective in the decision of migration of individuals.

scholarly journals Antecedents Factors Affecting Cyberbullying Risks: A Study In Jordanian Secondary Schools

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-349
Author(s):  
Hesham Almomani ◽  
Diya Al-Jabali ◽  
Fayez Bni Mufarrej ◽  
Heba Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cyber Bullying ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Research Results

Purpose of the study: In this study, the primary aim is to identify the effects of self-efficacy and cyber bullying knowledge on cyber bullying risks among Jordanian students. Methodology: The population of the study specifically comprised of Jordanian students in Irbid students, with the study sample being 153 students. Accordingly, a questionnaire was developed and disseminated among the students to gather data for the achievement of the study objectives. The study used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The study also employed AMOS 23.0 and SPSS 25.0 software in SEM. Main Findings: self-efficacy and cyber bullying knowledge factors do have significant effects on cyber bullying risks. Applications of this study: This research can be used for academic purposes for universities, lecturers of education and management, researchers and undergraduate and postgraduate students. Novelty/Originality of this study: The phenomenon that existed in cyber bullying and referring from various previous research results, the study regarding the cyber bullying was conducted and presented comprehensively and completely. It is necessary examine the effect of self-efficacy and cyber bullying knowledge factors on cyber bullying risks.

scholarly journals Integrated Reporting in Southeast Asia: Does Value Creation Work?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Arie Pratama ◽  
Winwin Yadiati ◽  
Nanny Dewi Tanzil ◽  
Jadi Suprijadi
Keyword(s):  
Firm Value ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Corporate Reporting

This study describes the factors affecting the quality of integrated reporting (IR) disclosure and how the disclosures affect firm value. This study employed quantitative methods with secondary data. This study sample includes 1,900 firms from 2016 to 2018. Descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, and structural equation modeling path analysis were used to describe the development. This study showed that the IR implementation in five countries currently has an adequate score. Hypothesis testing showed that three factors influenced the size of IR disclosures and the disclosures influence the firm value. This study implies that although IR in the current and future will be a role model for corporate reporting, Southeast Asian firms still need to strengthen the quality of IR. This study contributes to the current development and description of IR, which is limited because of its recent introduction, in five countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand.   Received: 28 April 2021 / Accepted: 15 July 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021

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