scholarly journals A large-scale analysis of seed natural aging revealed stronger aging resistance in weedy rice than coexisting cultivated rice for continuous 4 years across China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
weimin dai ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Yu-Jie Zhang ◽  
Xi-Xi Sun ◽  
Jin-Ling Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Aging Resistance

Abstract Increasing resistance to aging is conducive to seed storage and germination rate of crop. Meanwhile, the resistance to aging is one of the important adaptive mechanisms of weed to thrive in farmland. Weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) and cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) provide a unique pair demonstrating a weed and conspecific model crop that can be used to study the aging resistance of plants across a diverse geographical range. Chinese weedy rice derived from de-domestication of cultivated rice has rapidly risen to malignant weeds, though the hazard has only been reported for about 20 years. Whether weedy rice rapidly evolves higher seed aging resistance than cultivated rice during the process of dedomestication, which is conducive to its persistence in rice fields, is still unclear. In this experiment, the seeds of weed rice populations and their co-existing rice varieties were collected from 61 regions of China and germinated under normal and high temperatures for consecutive four years (2013–2016). Our study found that the aging resistance of weedy rice was higher than that of the co-existing rice cultivars, and weedy rice may have evolved a different aging resistance mechanism than rice cultivars and could be used as a germplasm resource to cultivate aging-resistant rice. The indica-type has strong aging resistance and no dormancy, while the japonica type has weak aging resistance and a little weak dormancy. Thus, by introducing indica-type aging-resistant alleles into japonica rice, cultivation of aging-resistant japonica rice could be possible.

Geographic pattern of variation among Asian native rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) based on fifteen isozyme loci

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 782-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Glaszmann
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Geographic Pattern ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Himalayan Foothills

The geographic pattern of isozyme variation among rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) in Asia is described based on an electrophoretic survey of 1688 accessions for 15 loci. The distribution patterns are strongly determined by the existence of several varietal groups that are characterized by contrasting multilocus types with dissimilar environmental and macrogeographic distributions. The two main groups correspond to the indica and japonica subspecies. Other types are frequently found in the Indian subcontinent, especially along the Himalayan foothills. These types are predominant in the Indus River basin. They are differentiated into four groups in the eastern part of the Himalayan foothills. There is variation within the groups. Non-random allele distributions are observed, such as regional clines and narrow localization of alleles. Diversity among indica rice is evenly distributed in whole tropical Asia. Variation among japonica rice shows the hilly part of continental Southeast Asia to be the region of highest genetic diversity and its probable area of origin. All this information provides a guide for further analysis aimed at elucidating the history of cultivated rice in Asia and, subsequently, in other continents.Key words: Asian rice, genetic diversity, isozymes, geographic distributions.

scholarly journals Genetic relationships and diversity of weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.) and cultivated rice varieties in Okayama Prefecture, Japan

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiko Akasaka ◽  
Jun Ushiki ◽  
Hiroyoshi Iwata ◽  
Ryuji Ishikawa ◽  
Toshio Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Okayama Prefecture

Effect of rice establishment methods on weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.) infestation and grain yield of cultivated rice (O. sativa L.) in Sri Lanka

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhagirath S. Chauhan ◽  
Anuruddhika S.K. Abeysekera ◽  
Manoja S. Wickramarathe ◽  
Sakinda D. Kulatunga ◽  
Upali B. Wickrama
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Cultivated Rice

Fine mapping of a gene causing hybrid pollen sterility between Yunnan weedy rice and cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) and phylogenetic analysis of Yunnan weedy rice

Planta ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 231 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Zheng Zheng Zhong ◽  
Zhi Gang Zhao ◽  
Ling Jiang ◽  
Xiao Feng Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Fine Mapping ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Cultivated Rice

scholarly journals The Development and Characterization of Near-Isogenic and Pyramided Lines Carrying Resistance Genes to Brown Planthopper with the Genetic Background of Japonica Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Cuong D. Nguyen ◽  
Holden Verdeprado ◽  
Demeter Zita ◽  
Sachiyo Sanada-Morimura ◽  
Masaya Matsumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål

The brown planthopper (BPH: Nilaparvata lugens Stål.) is a major pest of rice, Oryza sativa, in Asia. Host plant resistance has tremendous potential to reduce the damage caused to rice by the planthopper. However, the effectiveness of resistance genes varies spatially and temporally according to BPH virulence. Understanding patterns in BPH virulence against resistance genes is necessary to efficiently and sustainably deploy resistant rice varieties. To survey BPH virulence patterns, seven near-isogenic lines (NILs), each with a single BPH resistance gene (BPH2-NIL, BPH3-NIL, BPH17-NIL, BPH20-NIL, BPH21-NIL, BPH32-NIL and BPH17-ptb-NIL) and fifteen pyramided lines (PYLs) carrying multiple resistance genes were developed with the genetic background of the japonica rice variety, Taichung 65 (T65), and assessed for resistance levels against two BPH populations (Hadano-66 and Koshi-2013 collected in Japan in 1966 and 2013, respectively). Many of the NILs and PYLs were resistant against the Hadano-66 population but were less effective against the Koshi-2013 population. Among PYLs, BPH20+BPH32-PYL and BPH2+BPH3+BPH17-PYL granted relatively high BPH resistance against Koshi-2013. The NILs and PYLs developed in this research will be useful to monitor BPH virulence prior to deploying resistant rice varieties and improve rice’s resistance to BPH in the context of regionally increasing levels of virulence.

scholarly journals Allometric Response and Growth Patterns of Three Accessions of Weedy Rice and A Cultivated Rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. MR84) in Malaysia.

1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Baki Bin Bakar ◽  
Maclin Dayot ◽  
Amru Nasrulhaq Boyce ◽  
Abdul Munir Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Cultivated Rice

Prevalence, Agronomic Characteristics and Biology of Weedy Rice Biotypes of Nueva Ecija, Philippines

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
EDWIN C. MARTIN
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Ecology ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics

A survey of different weedy rice biotypes was conducted in rice field areasof Nueva Ecija from CY 2004-2006 to determine their prevalence, agronomiccharacteristics and biology. Surveys and quadrat samplings were conducted inrandom alongside of the roads to gather data on prevalence, height, numberof panicles/plant and density/m of weedy rice as well as the cultivated onesthey were associated. Studies on seed germination test, biology and agronomical characteristics of different weedy rice biotypes were also conducted at thelaboratory and screenhouse of Crop Protection Division, Philippine Rice ResearchInstitute.  Five weedy rice biotypes designated as WR-NE 1, WR-NE 2, WR-NE3, WR-NE 4 and WR-NE 5 were found distributed almost everywhere in ricefields of Nueva Ecija. Among the biotypes, WR-NE 1 was the most common inmany rice fields. Prevalence of all biotypes around the province ranged from 1to 17%. In the field, all biotypes were found taller but had fewer panicles plantthan cultivated rice varieties. In the laboratory, all weedy rice biotypes emergedearlier than PSB Rc82 and IR64. Under screenhouse condition, all weedy ricebiotypes were taller, produced more leaves and culms plant than the cultivatedrice. WR-NE 5 was the tallest biotype while WR-NE 1 and WR-NE 2 had themost number of leaves and culms plant-1-1. All biotypes matured earlier but hadno seed shattering characteristics. The biotypes had comparable values in termsof flag leaf areas and LAI/plant with PSB Rc82. Shoot dry weight and number ofpanicles/plant of all biotypes was significantly higher than the control varieties.WR-NE 4 and WR-NE 5 had the longest panicles, longer and wider grains.Grains/panicle was highest in WR-NE 5 (102 grains/panicle). Grain lengthwidthratio (GLWR)of all biotypes, however,weresignificantly lowerthan thetwocontrolvarieties.WR-NE1 and WR-NE4 had the longest length of awnwhileWR-NE4 and WR-NE5 had the highest grain weight(both at 24 g/1000grains).The growthand developmentof the fiveweedyrice biotypes weremuchadvantageouscomparedto selected cultivarssuggesting their competitivenessandthreatin achieving the potential yield and quality of harvestedcultivatedrice. Keywords - Plant ecology, prevalence, agronomic characteristics, weed biology, biotype,Oryza sativa L., weedy rice, experimental design, Philippines

scholarly journals AVR1-CO39 Is a Predominant Locus Governing the Broad Avirulence of Magnaporthe oryzae 2539 on Cultivated Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zheng ◽  
Wenhui Zheng ◽  
Fucheng Lin ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Yunping Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
R Gene ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Avr Gene ◽  
Avr Genes

Magnaporthe oryzae 2539 was previously found to be avirulent to most rice cultivars and, therefore, was assumed to carry many avirulence (AVR) genes. However, only one AVR gene, AVR1-CO39, which corresponds to a resistance (R) gene Pi-CO39(t) in rice cv. CO39, has been found from 2539 thus far. In order to identify more AVR genes, we isolated 228 progeny strains from a cross between 2539 and Guy11, an M. oryzae strain with strong virulence on rice, and inoculated these strains onto 23 rice accessions (22 individual cultivars and a mixture of 14 cultivars) that are all resistant to 2539 but susceptible to Guy11. Unexpectedly, the experimental results indicated that the avirulence of 2539 on these rice cultivars appeared to be controlled only by the AVR1-CO39 locus. Consistent with this result, we further found that all except one of the rice cultivars were resistant to two transformed Guy11 strains carrying a 1.05-kb fragment containing the AVR1-CO39 gene from 2539. These results suggest that AVR1-CO39 is a predominant locus controlling the broad avirulence of 2539 on cultivated rice. Based on the results of this study and other previous studies, we infer that AVR1-CO39 is a species-wise rather than a cultivar-wise host-specific AVR locus of M. oryzae for rice.

scholarly journals Construction of vector and transformation of drought-responsive gene OsNAC1 into J02 (Oryza sativa L. Japonica) rice

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-277
Author(s):  
Phạm Thu Hằng ◽  
Đàm Quang Hiếu ◽  
Phan Tuấn Nghĩa ◽  
Phạm Xuân Hội
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Terminal Region ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Gm Plants

NAC (including NAM - no apical meristem, ATAF1/2 - Arabidopsis transcription activation factor and CUC2 - cup-shaped cotyledon), which is the largest plant transcription factor family, plays an important role in development and stress responses in plants. Protein of this family is characterized by a highly conserved DNA binding domain, known as NAC domain in the N-terminal region. In contrast, the C-terminal region of NAC proteins, usually containing the transcriptional activation domain, is highly diversified both in length and sequence. More than 100 members of this family have been identified in rice. However, only a few of them have been functionally characterized, especially in rice. Gene encoding transcription factor OsNAC1 has been proved to play an important role in drought stress in plants. The CaMV35S promoter derived from the common plant virus, cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV), is a component of transgenic constructs in more than 80% of genetically modified (GM) plants. It is the promoter of choice for plant genetic engineering, as it is a strong and constitutive promoter. In this study, an expression vector harboring OsNAC1 in the form of CaMV35S:OsNAC1:Nos was constructed and transferred into J02 (Oryza sativa L. Japonica) rice plants via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The presence of the transgene was confirmed by PCR using OsNAC1 specific primers. T0 CaMV35S:OsNAC1:Nos transgenic lines were selected from transgenic plants. The obatained results are expected to be further exploited for development of stress tolerant rice varieties in the future.

scholarly journals Determination of germination and seedling growth parameters of rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties under stress conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 693-701
Author(s):  
Fatih ÖNER ◽  
Ayşe Ö. Ş. SOYSAL
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Stress Levels

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important food for more than half of the world’s population. Globally, rice is grown on approximately 160 million hectares with an average annual production of 740.96 million tonnes. Salinity is an important abiotic factor for germination. In this study rice varieties were analysed for salt stress tolerance at germination growth stage. The response of eight rice varieties against six (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150 mM NaCl) salinity levels were studied at germination stage. Seeds of eight rice varieties (‘Yatkin’, ‘Miss-2013 Passali’, ‘Kale’, ‘Manyas Yildizi’, ‘Efe’, ‘Biga Incisi’ and ‘Osmancik-97’) were kept under six salt stress levels. Number of seeds germinated (number), germination rate (%), average germination time, fresh and dry weight of germinated seeds (g), fresh and dry weight of the coleoptile (g), fresh and dry weight of the radicle (g), the length of the coleoptile and radicle (mm) were recorded. The results showed that with increasing salt stress, germination in all the varieties was delayed. The increase in salt stress also reduced every measured trait significantly in all the varieties. Maximum germination percentage (100%) was observed in ‘Biga Incisi’ under all the salt stress levels. Our research data would be helpful for identification of the tolerant varieties which can be studied further in terms of economically.

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