scholarly journals Are normoglycaemic individuals at risk of depression? The depression-dysglycaemic phenotype from a European population-based cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Cuschieri ◽  
Julian Mamo
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Depression is an ever more common chronic non communicable disease and its control constitutes a growing public health concern given its links with a number of co-morbidities, including diabetes mellitus. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression at a population level across groups of different glycaemic status, whilst establishing its socioeconomic phenotypic characteristics.Methods A nationally representative cross-sectional study was conducted in Malta between 2014 and 2016. Participants were categorized into different sub-populations according to their glycaemic status. Depression prevalence rates and socio-economic characteristics for each sub-population were established. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify links with depression.Results Depression was prevalent in 17.15% (CI 95%: 16.01 – 18.36) with a female predominance. The normoglycaemic sub-population had the highest depression rates. However, persons with known diabetes had a higher probability of having a history of depression (OR:2.36 CI 95%:1.12 – 4.96), as well as with being of the female gender, having lower educational status, having a history of smoking tobacco and having established cardiovascular disease.Conclusions Depression was highly prevalent among the normoglycaemic population especially as age progress. Physicians in primary care should implement a depression screening tool as part of their routine health check-ups, with special attention to those with cardiovascular co-morbidities and any signs of psycho-socio-economic burden.

scholarly journals The depression phenotype in a European population-based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Cuschieri ◽  
J Mamo
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
European Population ◽  
Health Check ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Introduction Depression is a growing public health concern and associated with a number of co-morbidities including diabetes mellitus. The aim was to estimate the prevalence of depression at a population level across different glycaemic statuses while establishing phenotypic characteristics of this sub-population. Methods A national representative cross-sectional study was conducted in Malta (2014-6). Participants were categorized into different sub-populations according to their glycaemic status. Depression prevalence rates and bio-socio-economic characteristics for each sub-population were established. Multiple regression analyses performed to identify links between glycaemic status and depression. Results Depression was prevalent in 17.15% of our study population (CI 95%: 16.01 - 18.36) with a female predominance. The normoglycaemic sub-population had the highest depression rates. Persons with known diabetes had a higher probability of having a history of depression (OR:2.36 CI 95%:1.12 - 4.96), as well as with being of female gender, having lower educational status, smoking tobacco and having established cardiovascular disease. Conclusions Depression was highly prevalent among the normoglycaemic population. Primary care physicians should implement a depression screening tool as part of their routine health check-ups, with special attention to those with cardiovascular co-morbidities and low socioeconomic status. Key messages Depression prevalent mostly in the normoglycemic population. Screening for depression should be part of routine health check-ups.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed food consumption in Barbados: evidence from a nationally representative, cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel M. Harris ◽  
Angela M. C. Rose ◽  
Suzanne Soares-Wynter ◽  
Nigel Unwin
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Our objective was to describe, for the first time in an English-speaking Caribbean country, the contribution of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) to nutrients linked to non-communicable disease. Using a cross-sectional study design, dietary data were collected from two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. Recorded food items were then classified according to their degree of processing by the NOVA system. The present study took place in Barbados (2012–13). A representative population-based sample of 364 adult Barbadians (161 males and 203 females) aged 25–64 years participated in the study. UPFs represented 40⋅5 % (838 kcal/d; 95 % CI 791, 885) of mean energy intake. Sugar-sweetened beverages made the largest contribution to energy within the UPF category. Younger persons (25–44 years) consumed a significantly higher proportion of calories from UPF (NOVA group 4) compared with older persons (45–64 years). The mean energy shares of UPF ranged from 22⋅0 to 58⋅9 % for those in the lowest tertile to highest tertile. Within each tertile, the energy contribution was significantly higher in the younger age group (25–44 years) compared with the older (45–64 years). One-quarter of persons consume ≥50 % of their daily calories from UPF, this being significantly higher in younger persons. The ultra-processed diet fraction contained about six times the mean of free sugars and about 0⋅8 times the dietary fibre of the non-ultra-processed fraction (NOVA groups 1–3). Targeted interventions to decrease the consumption of UPF especially in younger persons is thus of high priority to improve the diet quality of Barbadians.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN ADULT POPULATION OF HAYATABAD PESHAWAR

1969 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 644-647
Author(s):  
SARA GUL ◽  
ATIF HUSSAIN ◽  
KASHIF UR REHMAN KHALIL ◽  
IMRANULLAH ◽  
MUHAMMAD ISHTIAQ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the common non communicable disease and is reported to beprevalent in 20% to 50% of the adult population, hypertension is one of the major contributor ofmortality and morbidity in developing and developed countries. The cross-sectional descriptive studywas formulated to find the prevalence and to assess different etiological factors of hypertension.MATERIAL & METHODS: This cross-sectional study among 400 adults of age 25-75 years wasconducted in months of June to December 2014 in Phase 5, Hayatabad Peshawar. A detailed structuredproforma having important questions was used to collect important data regarding various variables.RESULTS: Our study results showed that 22.75% of the study people were hypertensive i.e. 10.25% ofmales and 12.5% of females; and the prevalence of hypertension showed positive association withadvancing age. Out of all respondents; 60.25% were males while 39.75% were females; 28.5% weresmokers; 5.25% consume predominantly meat; 32.5% were obese & overweight; 36.75% checked theirB.P regularly; and 19.75% had positive history of hypertension in family.CONCLUSION: We conclude that hypertension prevalence was high among our study population andwas associated with various modifiable and non modifiable risk factors thus population based preventivestrategies are needed to control and prevent hypertension.KEY WORDS: Hypertension, Age, Diet, Smokers, Hayatabad, Peshawar.

scholarly journals Are normoglycaemic individuals at risk of depression? The depression-dysglycaemic phenotype from a European population-based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Cuschieri ◽  
Julian Mamo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depression Prevalence ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Depression is a chronic non communicable disease. It is a growing public health concern with established links with a number of co-morbidities, including diabetes mellitus. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression at a population level, establish the depression sub-population phenotypic characteristics while exploring for links between depression and a spectrum of glycemic abnormalities. Methods A nationally representative cross-sectional study was conducted in Malta between 2014 and 2016. Participants were categorized into different sub-populations according to their glycaemic status. Depression prevalence rates and phenotypic characteristics for each sub-population were established. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify links with depression. Results Depression was prevalent in 17.15% (CI 95%: 16.01 – 18.36) with a female predominance. Those with known (as opposed to newly diagnosed) diabetes had the highest depression prevalence when compared to other glycemic sub-groups. These also exhibited a significant link with self-reported depression. However, at a population level, depression was mostly prevalent within the normoglycaemic sub-population. Conclusions The study confirms the strong link between diabetes and depression, especially, in a high risk dysglycaemic population. Of public health concern is the high depression occurrence within the normoglycaemic sub-population, which attributed for the majority of the Maltese population. In order to reduce the impact of mental health on the population, physicians may consider implementing depression screening clinical tools as part of their routine health check-ups at primary care level, irrespective of the glycaemic status of their patients.

scholarly journals Association between RT-PCR Ct Values and COVID-19 New Daily Cases: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkarim Abdulrahman ◽  
Saad Mallah ◽  
Abdulla Ismael AlAwadhi ◽  
Simone Perna ◽  
Essam Janahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Studies ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Epidemiological Changes

Introduction: Proactive prediction of the epidemiologic dynamics of viral diseases and outbreaks of the likes of COVID-19 has remained a difficult pursuit for scientists, public health researchers, and policymakers. It is unclear whether RT-PCR Cycle Threshold (Ct) values of COVID-19 (or any other virus) as indicator of viral load, could represent a possible predictor for underlying epidemiological changes on a population level. Objectives: To investigate whether population-wide changes in SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Ct values over time are associated with the daily fraction of positive COVID-19 tests. In addition, this study analyses the factors that could influence the RT-PCR Ct values. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 63,879 patients from May 4, 2020 to September 30, 2020, in all COVID-19 facilities in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Data collected included number of tests and newly diagnosed cases, as well as Ct values, age, gender nationality, and symptomatic status. Results: Ct values were found to be negatively and very weakly correlated with the fraction of daily positive cases in the population r = -0.06 (CI95%: -0.06; -0.05; p=0.001). The R-squared for the regression model (adjusting for age and number of daily tests) showed an accuracy of 45.3%. Ct Values showed an association with nationality (p=0.012). After the stratification, the association between Ct values and the fraction of daily positive cases was only maintained for the female gender and Bahraini-nationality. Symptomatic presentation was significantly associated with lower Ct values (higher viral loads). Ct values do not show any correlation with age (p=0.333) or gender (p=0.522). Conclusion: We report one of the first and largest studies to investigate the epidemiological associations of Ct values with COVID-19. Ct values offer a potentially simple and widely accessible tool to predict and model epidemiological dynamics on a population level. More population studies and predictive models from global cohorts are necessary.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Sports Related Concussion in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu: A Cross-Sectional Study

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Spano ◽  
Donald Risucci ◽  
Mill Etienne ◽  
Kristina Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifetime Prevalence ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Return To Sports ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) is a rapidly growing grappling sport with a wide spectrum of participants. This cross-sectional study examined the lifetime prevalence of concussion in adult BJJ practitioners in the United States using a 17-item survey. A total of 778 (11.4% female) BJJ practitioners with a median age of 31 years completed the survey. Overall, the lifetime prevalence of the self-reported BJJ-related concussion was 25.2%. However, the prevalence was higher among females than males (43.0% versus 22.9%; X2(1,740) = 15.129; p < 0.001). Factors independently associated with significantly increased odds of having sustained a BJJ-related concussion included a prior history of concussion (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.14–2.74; p = 0.011) and female gender (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.04–3.65; p = 0.037). The median return to sports time was three days, with 30.3% of participants returning on the same day as being concussed. The present study represents the first epidemiological research examining the concussions in BJJ. The results underscore the need for increased education on concussions and return to sports guidelines among BJJ coaches and practitioners.

scholarly journals Are normoglycaemic individuals at risk of depression? The depression-dysglycaemic phenotype from a European population-based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Cuschieri ◽  
Julian Mamo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depression Prevalence ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Depression is a chronic non communicable disease. It is a growing public health concern with established links with a number of co-morbidities, including diabetes mellitus. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression at a population level, establish the depression sub-population phenotypic characteristics while exploring for links between depression and a spectrum of glycemic abnormalities. Methods A nationally representative cross-sectional study was conducted in Malta between 2014 and 2016. Participants were categorized into different sub-populations according to their glycaemic status. Depression prevalence rates and phenotypic characteristics for each sub-population were established. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify links with depression. Results Depression was prevalent in 17.15% (CI 95%: 16.01–18.36) with a female predominance. Those with known (as opposed to newly diagnosed) diabetes had the highest depression prevalence when compared to other glycemic sub-groups. These also exhibited a significant link with self-reported depression. However, at a population level, depression was mostly prevalent within the normoglycaemic sub-population. Conclusions The study confirms the strong link between diabetes and depression, especially, in a high risk dysglycaemic population. Of public health concern is the high depression occurrence within the normoglycaemic sub-population, which attributed for the majority of the Maltese population. In order to reduce the impact of mental health on the population, physicians may consider implementing depression screening clinical tools as part of their routine health check-ups at primary care level, irrespective of the glycaemic status of their patients.

The association of acne and menstrual symptoms among young women (18–25 years) in Egypt: a population-based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Arafa ◽  
Alshimaa Mostafa ◽  
Yasser Khamis
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Menstrual Symptoms ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Of Menarche

AbstractBackgroundAcne and menstrual symptoms are highly prevalent among young women. Since both acne and menstrual symptoms have similar hormonal pathogenesis, it is highly suggested that the two conditions are associated. Herein, we conducted this study to assess the relationship between acne and menstrual symptoms among young women.Subjects and methodsIn this population-based cross-sectional study, a multi-stage random sampling approach was used to include 3065 young women (18–25 years) from Egypt. Women were interviewed for their socio-demographic characteristics, gynecological history, premenstrual and menstrual symptoms, and history of acne and perimenstrual acne flare during the past 6 months.ResultsThe mean age of women was 21.5 ± 2.2 and their age of menarche was 13.1 ± 1.5 years. During the previous 6 months, 44.8% of participants had acne. After adjusting for socio-demographic and gynecological characteristics, acne was associated with most menstrual symptoms with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as follows: [premenstrual symptoms: 1.23 (1.05–1.44) for irritation or nervousness, 1.45 (1.24–1.68) for fatigue, 1.37 (1.15–1.62) for breast tenderness, 1.48 (1.21–1.80) for abdominal bloating, and 1.36 (1.11–1.66) for nausea or vomiting], [menstrual symptoms: 1.63 (1.19–2.23) for dysmenorrhea and 1.24 (1.06–1.45) for dysmenorrhea requiring drugs], and [symptoms severity: 1.44 (1.24–1.68) for missing events and 1.38 (1.16–1.64) for medical consultation]. Of acne patients, 56.7% reported perimenstrual acne flare: 58.5% before menses, 35% during menses, and 6.5% after menses.ConclusionThis study supports the concept that acne is associated with menstrual symptoms. Physicians should consider screening for menstrual symptoms among young women with acne.

scholarly journals Anaemia Prevalence and Contributory Factors among Children in Uttarakhand, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Shweta Suri ◽  
Anuradha Dutta ◽  
Rita Singh Raghuvanshi ◽  
Anupama Singh ◽  
C. S. Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽  
History Of

Background: In India, Anaemia among children is still one of the major nutritional problems of public health concern. Aim of the Study: The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of anaemia among Anganwadi children (3-6 years of age) and to determine the important risk factors associated with anaemia. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted among 390 Anganwadi children of Udham Singh Nagar district of Uttarakhand, during April, 2019- August, 2019. Methodology: In this cross sectional study, data on socio-demographic, socioeconomic, hygiene and dietary practices were collected using a self-structured questionnaire. Hemoglobin (Hb) and anthropometric measurements were carried out. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR). Results: A majority, 70.54% of the Anganwadi children were found to be anaemic, with higher prevalence among male children (51.30%) as compared to female children (48.70%). The mean hemoglobin concentration of children was 9.91 (±1.9 g/dl). Stunting was higher among males (54.83%) as compared to females (45.17%).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that anaemia was significantly associated with monthly income of family AOR (95% CI) 3.25(2.49, 4.00), mother's illiteracy AOR (95% CI) 1.98 (1.49, 2.46), history of anaemia in mother AOR (95% CI) 1.60(0.67, 2.52 ), history of worms in child's stool AOR (95% CI) 3.17(2.26,4.03), barefoot walking AOR (95% CI) 3.08(2.11,4.04) and lack of habit of hand washing AOR (95% CI) 1.55(0.98, 2.11). Conclusion: The prevalence of anaemia among children was high. Iron supplementation, nutrition education among mothers and overall personal hygiene are important to ameliorate their iron status.

scholarly journals What are affecting choice of childbirth place among childbearing age women in western Ethiopia? A community-based cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariku Tesfaye Bekuma ◽  
Belaynesh Firrisa ◽  
Melese Girmaye ◽  
Haile Bikila ◽  
Gemechu Kejela
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Institutional Delivery ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Maternal death is the most extreme consequence of poor maternal health. More than 30 million women in developing regions suffer from serious diseases and disabilities due to inadequate care during pregnancy and delivery. Access to proper medical attention and hygienic conditions during delivery can reduce the risk of complications and infections that may lead to death or serious illness for the mother, baby, or both. In Ethiopia, the high maternal mortality rate with delivery by unskilled birth attendants shows low utilization of maternal health services.Objective: This study was aimed to assess factors determining the choice of childbirth place among women of childbearing age in Jimma Arjo District.Method A cross-sectional study design was conducted in Jimma Arjo District East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia, from March 20 to April 20, 2018. Multistage sampling technique was used to select a total sample of 506 participants. Data were collected using structured questionnaires to interview women of childbearing age. It was entered into Epi-Info and was exported to SPSS software version 20 for analysis. Data was checked for its completeness, cleaned, entered and analyzed accordingly. Bivariate and Multivariable data analysis was used to examine the association between dependent and independent variables. Result: A total of 506 women participated in this study, giving a response rate of 97.8%. This study has investigated that home delivery was found to be 200(39.5%) whereas institutional delivery was 306(60.5%) in the study area. Factors found to be statistically associated with choice of institutional delivery at p<0.05 were; history of obstetric difficulties (AOR=6, 95% CI= (2.08, 17.60)), women educational status(AOR = 4.4, 95% CI= (1.47, 13.42)), husband educational status (AOR=4, 95% CI= (1.43, 11.60)), having 2-3 ANC Visits (AOR=4, 95%CI= (1.95, 8.52)), and accessing vehicle transportation (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI= (1.23, 6.46)).Conclusion: Preferring health facility as birth place in this study seems relatively better compared to other studies. It’s shown that attending secondary and more educational level in both mothers’ and their husbands’, history of obstetric difficulties, history of ANC attendance, having 2-3 ANC visits, and accessing facilty nearby have influenced mothers to prefer health institution as childbirth place. Therefore, any programs aimed at increasing choice of institutional delivery should first work on education, ANC follow up and transportation facilities in the study area.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document